Evaluating Trends in Novel Psychoactive Substances Using a Sentinel Population of Electronic Dance Music Festival Attendees.
Identifieur interne : 000063 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000062; suivant : 000064Evaluating Trends in Novel Psychoactive Substances Using a Sentinel Population of Electronic Dance Music Festival Attendees.
Auteurs : Amanda L A. Mohr ; Melissa F. Fogarty ; Alex J. Krotulski ; Barry K. LoganSource :
- Journal of analytical toxicology [ 1945-2403 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
Electronic dance music (EDM) festivals have become a popular venue for recreational drug use, including the use of traditional stimulants like 3,4-methylenendioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and novel psychoactive substances (NPS). Using this cohort of people who use drugs recreationally, this study sought to collect biological specimens and self-reported drug use data from EDM festival attendees in the United States (US) to monitor regional and temporal trends related to NPS use and turnover between 2014 and 2017. Oral fluid samples were collected at three US EDM festival locations, including Miami, Florida (2014 to 2017); Tampa, Florida (2017); and Atlanta, Georgia (2017). Samples were screened by liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and confirmed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Over the four years, 1,233 oral fluid samples were collected. With respect to self-reported drug use, 63% of respondents reported medicinal and/or recreational drug use within the last week. When comparing four years of data from Miami (2014 to 2017), NPS trends showed the disappearance of alpha-PVP after 2014 followed by a significant increase in ethylone positivity in 2015 and rapid decrease in 2016. Dibutylone was identified for the first time in Miami 2016 and N-ethyl pentylone was identified for the first time in Miami 2017. Additionally, MDMA positivity steadily increased from 2014 to 2017. A comparison across study sites (Miami, Tampa, and Atlanta) and specific trends with respect to novel simulant use are described within. Using this opportunistic approach of monitoring drug trends, we have found that peak positivity of novel stimulants usually is within a year of their first detection. Understanding the dynamics of NPS drug markets will allow laboratories to plan for resource allocation and scope updates within a timely fashion to assist with the detection and confirmation of these emerging substances in samples submitted for forensic analysis.
DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkaa104
PubMed: 32860703
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Krotulski</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Center for Forensic Science Research and Education (CFSRE), Fredric Rieders Family Foundation, Willow Grove, PA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Logan, Barry K" sort="Logan, Barry K" uniqKey="Logan B" first="Barry K" last="Logan">Barry K. Logan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Center for Forensic Science Research and Education (CFSRE), Fredric Rieders Family Foundation, Willow Grove, PA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>NMS Labs, Horsham, PA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32860703</idno><idno type="pmid">32860703</idno><idno type="doi">10.1093/jat/bkaa104</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000063</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000063</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Evaluating Trends in Novel Psychoactive Substances Using a Sentinel Population of Electronic Dance Music Festival Attendees.</title><author><name sortKey="Mohr, Amanda L A" sort="Mohr, Amanda L A" uniqKey="Mohr A" first="Amanda L A" last="Mohr">Amanda L A. Mohr</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Center for Forensic Science Research and Education (CFSRE), Fredric Rieders Family Foundation, Willow Grove, PA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fogarty, Melissa F" sort="Fogarty, Melissa F" uniqKey="Fogarty M" first="Melissa F" last="Fogarty">Melissa F. Fogarty</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Center for Forensic Science Research and Education (CFSRE), Fredric Rieders Family Foundation, Willow Grove, PA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Krotulski, Alex J" sort="Krotulski, Alex J" uniqKey="Krotulski A" first="Alex J" last="Krotulski">Alex J. Krotulski</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Center for Forensic Science Research and Education (CFSRE), Fredric Rieders Family Foundation, Willow Grove, PA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Logan, Barry K" sort="Logan, Barry K" uniqKey="Logan B" first="Barry K" last="Logan">Barry K. Logan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Center for Forensic Science Research and Education (CFSRE), Fredric Rieders Family Foundation, Willow Grove, PA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>NMS Labs, Horsham, PA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of analytical toxicology</title><idno type="eISSN">1945-2403</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Electronic dance music (EDM) festivals have become a popular venue for recreational drug use, including the use of traditional stimulants like 3,4-methylenendioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and novel psychoactive substances (NPS). Using this cohort of people who use drugs recreationally, this study sought to collect biological specimens and self-reported drug use data from EDM festival attendees in the United States (US) to monitor regional and temporal trends related to NPS use and turnover between 2014 and 2017. Oral fluid samples were collected at three US EDM festival locations, including Miami, Florida (2014 to 2017); Tampa, Florida (2017); and Atlanta, Georgia (2017). Samples were screened by liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and confirmed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Over the four years, 1,233 oral fluid samples were collected. With respect to self-reported drug use, 63% of respondents reported medicinal and/or recreational drug use within the last week. When comparing four years of data from Miami (2014 to 2017), NPS trends showed the disappearance of alpha-PVP after 2014 followed by a significant increase in ethylone positivity in 2015 and rapid decrease in 2016. Dibutylone was identified for the first time in Miami 2016 and N-ethyl pentylone was identified for the first time in Miami 2017. Additionally, MDMA positivity steadily increased from 2014 to 2017. A comparison across study sites (Miami, Tampa, and Atlanta) and specific trends with respect to novel simulant use are described within. Using this opportunistic approach of monitoring drug trends, we have found that peak positivity of novel stimulants usually is within a year of their first detection. Understanding the dynamics of NPS drug markets will allow laboratories to plan for resource allocation and scope updates within a timely fashion to assist with the detection and confirmation of these emerging substances in samples submitted for forensic analysis.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="Publisher" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32860703</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>29</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1945-2403</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>Aug</Month><Day>29</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of analytical toxicology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Anal Toxicol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Evaluating Trends in Novel Psychoactive Substances Using a Sentinel Population of Electronic Dance Music Festival Attendees.</ArticleTitle><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">bkaa104</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1093/jat/bkaa104</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Electronic dance music (EDM) festivals have become a popular venue for recreational drug use, including the use of traditional stimulants like 3,4-methylenendioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and novel psychoactive substances (NPS). Using this cohort of people who use drugs recreationally, this study sought to collect biological specimens and self-reported drug use data from EDM festival attendees in the United States (US) to monitor regional and temporal trends related to NPS use and turnover between 2014 and 2017. Oral fluid samples were collected at three US EDM festival locations, including Miami, Florida (2014 to 2017); Tampa, Florida (2017); and Atlanta, Georgia (2017). Samples were screened by liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and confirmed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Over the four years, 1,233 oral fluid samples were collected. With respect to self-reported drug use, 63% of respondents reported medicinal and/or recreational drug use within the last week. When comparing four years of data from Miami (2014 to 2017), NPS trends showed the disappearance of alpha-PVP after 2014 followed by a significant increase in ethylone positivity in 2015 and rapid decrease in 2016. Dibutylone was identified for the first time in Miami 2016 and N-ethyl pentylone was identified for the first time in Miami 2017. Additionally, MDMA positivity steadily increased from 2014 to 2017. A comparison across study sites (Miami, Tampa, and Atlanta) and specific trends with respect to novel simulant use are described within. Using this opportunistic approach of monitoring drug trends, we have found that peak positivity of novel stimulants usually is within a year of their first detection. Understanding the dynamics of NPS drug markets will allow laboratories to plan for resource allocation and scope updates within a timely fashion to assist with the detection and confirmation of these emerging substances in samples submitted for forensic analysis.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Society of Forensic Toxicologists, Inc. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mohr</LastName><ForeName>Amanda L A</ForeName><Initials>ALA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Forensic Science Research and Education (CFSRE), Fredric Rieders Family Foundation, Willow Grove, PA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fogarty</LastName><ForeName>Melissa F</ForeName><Initials>MF</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Forensic Science Research and Education (CFSRE), Fredric Rieders Family Foundation, Willow Grove, PA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Krotulski</LastName><ForeName>Alex J</ForeName><Initials>AJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Forensic Science Research and Education (CFSRE), Fredric Rieders Family Foundation, Willow Grove, PA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Logan</LastName><ForeName>Barry K</ForeName><Initials>BK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Forensic Science Research and Education (CFSRE), Fredric Rieders Family Foundation, Willow Grove, PA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NMS Labs, Horsham, PA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>29</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>J Anal Toxicol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>7705085</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0146-4760</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>08</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2020</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>25</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>24</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>30</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>30</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>30</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>aheadofprint</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32860703</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">5899164</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1093/jat/bkaa104</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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