Emergency vaccination of rabies under limited resources -- combating or containing?
Identifieur interne : 000257 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000256; suivant : 000258Emergency vaccination of rabies under limited resources -- combating or containing?
Auteurs : Dirk Eisinger ; Hans-Hermann Thulke ; Thomas Selhorst ; Thomas MüllerSource :
- BMC infectious diseases [ 1471-2334 ] ; 2005.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , administration & dosage : Rabies Vaccines.
- immunology : Rabies, Rabies Vaccines.
- prevention & control : Disease Outbreaks, Rabies.
- veterinary : Disease Outbreaks, Rabies.
- Administration, Oral, Animals, Computer Simulation, Foxes, Models, Biological.
Abstract
Rabies is the most important viral zoonosis from a global perspective. Worldwide efforts to combat the disease by oral vaccination of reservoirs have managed to eradicate wildlife rabies in large areas of central Europe and North-America. Thus, repeated vaccination has been discontinued recently on a geographical scale. However, as rabies has not yet been eradicated globally, a serious risk of re-introduction remains. What is the best spatial design for an emergency vaccination program -- particularly if resources are limited? Either, we treat a circular area around the detected case and run the risk of infected hosts leaving the limited control area, because a sufficient immunisation level has not yet been built up. Or, initially concentrate the SAME resources in order to establish a protective ring which is more distant from the infected local area, and which then holds out against the challenge of the approaching epidemic.
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-5-10
PubMed: 15752423
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:15752423Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Emergency vaccination of rabies under limited resources -- combating or containing?</title><author><name sortKey="Eisinger, Dirk" sort="Eisinger, Dirk" uniqKey="Eisinger D" first="Dirk" last="Eisinger">Dirk Eisinger</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Ecological Modelling, UFZ-Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig/Halle, Leipzig, Germany. dirk.eisinger@ufz.de</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thulke, Hans Hermann" sort="Thulke, Hans Hermann" uniqKey="Thulke H" first="Hans-Hermann" last="Thulke">Hans-Hermann Thulke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Selhorst, Thomas" sort="Selhorst, Thomas" uniqKey="Selhorst T" first="Thomas" last="Selhorst">Thomas Selhorst</name></author><author><name sortKey="Muller, Thomas" sort="Muller, Thomas" uniqKey="Muller T" first="Thomas" last="Müller">Thomas Müller</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2005">2005</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:15752423</idno><idno type="pmid">15752423</idno><idno type="doi">10.1186/1471-2334-5-10</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000257</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000257</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Emergency vaccination of rabies under limited resources -- combating or containing?</title><author><name sortKey="Eisinger, Dirk" sort="Eisinger, Dirk" uniqKey="Eisinger D" first="Dirk" last="Eisinger">Dirk Eisinger</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Ecological Modelling, UFZ-Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig/Halle, Leipzig, Germany. dirk.eisinger@ufz.de</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thulke, Hans Hermann" sort="Thulke, Hans Hermann" uniqKey="Thulke H" first="Hans-Hermann" last="Thulke">Hans-Hermann Thulke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Selhorst, Thomas" sort="Selhorst, Thomas" uniqKey="Selhorst T" first="Thomas" last="Selhorst">Thomas Selhorst</name></author><author><name sortKey="Muller, Thomas" sort="Muller, Thomas" uniqKey="Muller T" first="Thomas" last="Müller">Thomas Müller</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">BMC infectious diseases</title><idno type="eISSN">1471-2334</idno><imprint><date when="2005" type="published">2005</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Administration, Oral</term><term>Animals</term><term>Computer Simulation</term><term>Disease Outbreaks (prevention & control)</term><term>Disease Outbreaks (veterinary)</term><term>Foxes</term><term>Models, Biological</term><term>Rabies (immunology)</term><term>Rabies (prevention & control)</term><term>Rabies (veterinary)</term><term>Rabies Vaccines (administration & dosage)</term><term>Rabies Vaccines (immunology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="administration & dosage" xml:lang="en"><term>Rabies Vaccines</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Rabies</term><term>Rabies Vaccines</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Disease Outbreaks</term><term>Rabies</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="veterinary" xml:lang="en"><term>Disease Outbreaks</term><term>Rabies</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Administration, Oral</term><term>Animals</term><term>Computer Simulation</term><term>Foxes</term><term>Models, Biological</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Rabies is the most important viral zoonosis from a global perspective. Worldwide efforts to combat the disease by oral vaccination of reservoirs have managed to eradicate wildlife rabies in large areas of central Europe and North-America. Thus, repeated vaccination has been discontinued recently on a geographical scale. However, as rabies has not yet been eradicated globally, a serious risk of re-introduction remains. What is the best spatial design for an emergency vaccination program -- particularly if resources are limited? Either, we treat a circular area around the detected case and run the risk of infected hosts leaving the limited control area, because a sufficient immunisation level has not yet been built up. Or, initially concentrate the SAME resources in order to establish a protective ring which is more distant from the infected local area, and which then holds out against the challenge of the approaching epidemic.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">15752423</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2005</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>11</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2006</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>05</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>19</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1471-2334</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>5</Volume><PubDate><Year>2005</Year><Month>Mar</Month><Day>07</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>BMC infectious diseases</Title><ISOAbbreviation>BMC Infect. Dis.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Emergency vaccination of rabies under limited resources -- combating or containing?</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>10</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Rabies is the most important viral zoonosis from a global perspective. Worldwide efforts to combat the disease by oral vaccination of reservoirs have managed to eradicate wildlife rabies in large areas of central Europe and North-America. Thus, repeated vaccination has been discontinued recently on a geographical scale. However, as rabies has not yet been eradicated globally, a serious risk of re-introduction remains. What is the best spatial design for an emergency vaccination program -- particularly if resources are limited? Either, we treat a circular area around the detected case and run the risk of infected hosts leaving the limited control area, because a sufficient immunisation level has not yet been built up. Or, initially concentrate the SAME resources in order to establish a protective ring which is more distant from the infected local area, and which then holds out against the challenge of the approaching epidemic.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">We developed a simulation model to contrast the two strategies for emergency vaccination. The spatial-explicit model is based on fox group home-ranges, which facilitates the simulation of rabies spread to larger areas relevant to management. We used individual-based fox groups to follow up the effects of vaccination in a detailed manner. Thus, regionally -- bait distribution orientates itself to standard schemes of oral immunisation programs and locally -- baits are assigned to individual foxes.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">Surprisingly, putting the controlled area ring-like around the outbreak does not outperform the circular area of the same size centred on the outbreak. Only during the very first baitings, does the ring area result in fewer breakouts. But then as rabies is eliminated within the circle area, the respective ring area fails, due to the non-controlled inner part. We attempt to take advantage of the initially fewer breakouts beyond the ring when applying a mixed strategy. Therefore, after a certain number of baitings, the area under control was increased for both strategies towards the same larger circular area. The circle-circle strategy still outperforms the ring-circle strategy and analysis of the spatial-temporal disease spread reveals why: improving control efficacy by means of a mixed strategy is impossible in the field, due to the build-up time of population immunity.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">For practical emergency management of a new outbreak of rabies, the ring-like application of oral vaccination is not a favourable strategy at all. Even if initial resources are substantially low and there is a serious risk of rabies cases outside the limited control area, our results suggest circular application instead of ring vaccination.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Eisinger</LastName><ForeName>Dirk</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Ecological Modelling, UFZ-Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig/Halle, Leipzig, Germany. dirk.eisinger@ufz.de</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Thulke</LastName><ForeName>Hans-Hermann</ForeName><Initials>HH</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Selhorst</LastName><ForeName>Thomas</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Müller</LastName><ForeName>Thomas</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2005</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>07</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>BMC Infect Dis</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>100968551</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1471-2334</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D011819">Rabies Vaccines</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Rev Infect Dis. 1988 Nov-Dec;10 Suppl 4:S660-4</RefSource><PMID Version="1">3206077</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Prev Vet Med. 2001 Sep 20;51(1-2):95-109</RefSource><PMID Version="1">11530197</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Onderstepoort J Vet 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Biological</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011818" MajorTopicYN="N">Rabies</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="Y">prevention & control</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000662" MajorTopicYN="Y">veterinary</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011819" MajorTopicYN="N">Rabies Vaccines</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="Y">administration & dosage</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><OtherID Source="NLM">PMC1274270</OtherID></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2004</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>21</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2005</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>07</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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