Ecological impact of beavers Castor fiber and Castor canadensis and their ability to modify ecosystems
Identifieur interne : 001485 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001484; suivant : 001486Ecological impact of beavers Castor fiber and Castor canadensis and their ability to modify ecosystems
Auteurs : Frank Rosell ; Orsolya Bozsér ; Peter Collen ; Howard ParkerSource :
- Mammal Review [ 0305-1838 ] ; 2005-07.
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- KwdEn :
Abstract
1 The genus Castor comprises two species: the Eurasian beaver Castor fiber, and the North American beaver Castor canadensis. Both species suffered from overexploitation, but have seen a revival since the 1920s due to increased protection and reintroduction programmes. Increases in the populations and distributions of species that are able to modify ecosystems have generated much scientific interest. Here we review the available literature concerning the possible ecological impact of beaver species in the Old and New World. 2 Beavers, being ecosystem engineers, are among the few species besides humans that can significantly change the geomorphology, and consequently the hydrological characteristics and biotic properties of the landscape. In so doing, beavers increase heterogeneity, and habitat and species diversity at the landscape scale. Beaver foraging also has a considerable impact on the course of ecological succession, species composition and structure of plant communities, making them a good example of ecologically dominant species (e.g. keystone species). 3 Nevertheless, the strength of beavers’ impact varies from site to site, depending on the geographical location, relief and the impounded habitat type. Consequently, they may not be significant controlling agents of the ecosystem in all parts of their distribution, but have strong interactions only under certain circumstances. We suggest that beavers can create important management opportunities in the Holarctic, and this review will help land managers determine the likely outcome of beaver activity.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2907.2005.00067.x
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ISTEX:C4B4172D33FCA7AD00A8E339C9DAD85DC2117D49Le document en format XML
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Both species suffered from overexploitation, but have seen a revival since the 1920s due to increased protection and reintroduction programmes. Increases in the populations and distributions of species that are able to modify ecosystems have generated much scientific interest. Here we review the available literature concerning the possible ecological impact of beaver species in the Old and New World. 2 Beavers, being ecosystem engineers, are among the few species besides humans that can significantly change the geomorphology, and consequently the hydrological characteristics and biotic properties of the landscape. In so doing, beavers increase heterogeneity, and habitat and species diversity at the landscape scale. Beaver foraging also has a considerable impact on the course of ecological succession, species composition and structure of plant communities, making them a good example of ecologically dominant species (e.g. keystone species). 3 Nevertheless, the strength of beavers’ impact varies from site to site, depending on the geographical location, relief and the impounded habitat type. Consequently, they may not be significant controlling agents of the ecosystem in all parts of their distribution, but have strong interactions only under certain circumstances. We suggest that beavers can create important management opportunities in the Holarctic, and this review will help land managers determine the likely outcome of beaver activity.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>FRANK ROSELL</name><affiliations><json:string>Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Environmental and Health Studies, Telemark University College, N‐3800 Bø i Telemark, Norway</json:string><json:string>E-mail: frank.rosell@hit.no</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>ORSOLYA BOZSÉR</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute of Wildlife Management, University of West Hungary, 9400 Sopron, Ady Endre u. 5., Hungary</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>PETER COLLEN</name><affiliations><json:string>Fisheries Research Services, Freshwater Laboratory, Faskally, Pitlochry, Perthshire PH16 5LB, Scotland, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>HOWARD PARKER</name><affiliations><json:string>Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Environmental and Health Studies, Telemark University College, N‐3800 Bø i Telemark, Norway</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>biodiversity</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Castor canadensis</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Castor fiber</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>conservation</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>ecosystem engineers</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>keystone species</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>MAM067</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>reviewArticle</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>1 The genus Castor comprises two species: the Eurasian beaver Castor fiber, and the North American beaver Castor canadensis. Both species suffered from overexploitation, but have seen a revival since the 1920s due to increased protection and reintroduction programmes. Increases in the populations and distributions of species that are able to modify ecosystems have generated much scientific interest. Here we review the available literature concerning the possible ecological impact of beaver species in the Old and New World. 2 Beavers, being ecosystem engineers, are among the few species besides humans that can significantly change the geomorphology, and consequently the hydrological characteristics and biotic properties of the landscape. In so doing, beavers increase heterogeneity, and habitat and species diversity at the landscape scale. Beaver foraging also has a considerable impact on the course of ecological succession, species composition and structure of plant communities, making them a good example of ecologically dominant species (e.g. keystone species). 3 Nevertheless, the strength of beavers’ impact varies from site to site, depending on the geographical location, relief and the impounded habitat type. Consequently, they may not be significant controlling agents of the ecosystem in all parts of their distribution, but have strong interactions only under certain circumstances. 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Both species suffered from overexploitation, but have seen a revival since the 1920s due to increased protection and reintroduction programmes. Increases in the populations and distributions of species that are able to modify ecosystems have generated much scientific interest. Here we review the available literature concerning the possible ecological impact of beaver species in the Old and New World. 2 Beavers, being ecosystem engineers, are among the few species besides humans that can significantly change the geomorphology, and consequently the hydrological characteristics and biotic properties of the landscape. In so doing, beavers increase heterogeneity, and habitat and species diversity at the landscape scale. Beaver foraging also has a considerable impact on the course of ecological succession, species composition and structure of plant communities, making them a good example of ecologically dominant species (e.g. keystone species). 3 Nevertheless, the strength of beavers’ impact varies from site to site, depending on the geographical location, relief and the impounded habitat type. Consequently, they may not be significant controlling agents of the ecosystem in all parts of their distribution, but have strong interactions only under certain circumstances. We suggest that beavers can create important management opportunities in the Holarctic, and this review will help land managers determine the likely outcome of beaver activity.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>biodiversity</term></item><item><term>Castor canadensis</term></item><item><term>Castor fiber</term></item><item><term>conservation</term></item><item><term>ecosystem engineers</term></item><item><term>keystone species</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2005-07">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/C4B4172D33FCA7AD00A8E339C9DAD85DC2117D49/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Science Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2907</doi><issn type="print">0305-1838</issn><issn type="electronic">1365-2907</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="MAM"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="MAMMAL REVIEW">Mammal Review</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="07003"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/mam.2005.35.issue-3-4</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="35">35</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">3‐4</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2005-07">July 2005</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="reviewArticle" position="3" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1365-2907.2005.00067.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="MAM067"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="29"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">Reviews</title></titleGroup><eventGroup><event type="firstOnline" date="2005-12-19"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2005-12-19"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.3.4 mode:FullText source:FullText result:FullText" date="2010-03-30"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-02-02"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-31"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="248">248</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="276">276</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>F. Rosell. E‐mail: <email>frank.rosell@hit.no</email></correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:MAM.MAM067.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Submitted 5 October 2004 ; returned for revision 1 November 2004 ; revision accepted 1 July 2005</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="0"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="0"></count><count type="formulaTotal" number="0"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="206"></count><count type="wordTotal" number="17810"></count><count type="linksPubMed" number="0"></count><count type="linksCrossRef" number="0"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Ecological impact of beavers <i>Castor fiber</i> and <i>Castor canadensis</i> and their ability to modify ecosystems</title><title type="shortAuthors">F. Rosell <i>et al.</i></title><title type="short">Ecological impact of beavers</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>FRANK</givenNames><familyName>ROSELL</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>ORSOLYA</givenNames><familyName>BOZSÉR</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a3"><personName><givenNames>PETER</givenNames><familyName>COLLEN</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>HOWARD</givenNames><familyName>PARKER</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="NO"><unparsedAffiliation>Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Environmental and Health Studies, Telemark University College, N‐3800 Bø i Telemark, Norway</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2" countryCode="HU"><unparsedAffiliation>Institute of Wildlife Management, University of West Hungary, 9400 Sopron, Ady Endre u. 5., Hungary</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a3" countryCode="GB"><unparsedAffiliation>Fisheries Research Services, Freshwater Laboratory, Faskally, Pitlochry, Perthshire PH16 5LB, Scotland, UK</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">biodiversity</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2"><i>Castor canadensis</i></keyword><keyword xml:id="k3"><i>Castor fiber</i></keyword><keyword xml:id="k4">conservation</keyword><keyword xml:id="k5">ecosystem engineers</keyword><keyword xml:id="k6">keystone species</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">ABSTRACT</title><p><list style="custom"><listItem><label>1</label><p>The genus <i>Castor</i> comprises two species: the Eurasian beaver <i>Castor fiber</i>, and the North American beaver <i>Castor canadensis</i>. Both species suffered from overexploitation, but have seen a revival since the 1920s due to increased protection and reintroduction programmes. Increases in the populations and distributions of species that are able to modify ecosystems have generated much scientific interest. Here we review the available literature concerning the possible ecological impact of beaver species in the Old and New World.</p></listItem><listItem><label>2</label><p>Beavers, being ecosystem engineers, are among the few species besides humans that can significantly change the geomorphology, and consequently the hydrological characteristics and biotic properties of the landscape. In so doing, beavers increase heterogeneity, and habitat and species diversity at the landscape scale. Beaver foraging also has a considerable impact on the course of ecological succession, species composition and structure of plant communities, making them a good example of ecologically dominant species (e.g. keystone species).</p></listItem><listItem><label>3</label><p>Nevertheless, the strength of beavers’ impact varies from site to site, depending on the geographical location, relief and the impounded habitat type. Consequently, they may not be significant controlling agents of the ecosystem in all parts of their distribution, but have strong interactions only under certain circumstances. We suggest that beavers can create important management opportunities in the Holarctic, and this review will help land managers determine the likely outcome of beaver activity.</p></listItem></list></p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta><noteGroup><note xml:id="n-fnt-1" numbered="no"><p> <i>Editor: RM</i> </p></note></noteGroup></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Ecological impact of beavers Castor fiber and Castor canadensis and their ability to modify ecosystems</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Ecological impact of beavers</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Ecological impact of beavers Castor fiber and Castor canadensis and their ability to modify ecosystems</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">FRANK</namePart><namePart type="family">ROSELL</namePart><affiliation>Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Environmental and Health Studies, Telemark University College, N‐3800 Bø i Telemark, Norway</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: frank.rosell@hit.no</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">ORSOLYA</namePart><namePart type="family">BOZSÉR</namePart><affiliation>Institute of Wildlife Management, University of West Hungary, 9400 Sopron, Ady Endre u. 5., Hungary</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">PETER</namePart><namePart type="family">COLLEN</namePart><affiliation>Fisheries Research Services, Freshwater Laboratory, Faskally, Pitlochry, Perthshire PH16 5LB, Scotland, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">HOWARD</namePart><namePart type="family">PARKER</namePart><affiliation>Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Environmental and Health Studies, Telemark University College, N‐3800 Bø i Telemark, Norway</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="review-article" displayLabel="reviewArticle"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Science Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2005-07</dateIssued><edition>Submitted 5 October 2004 ; returned for revision 1 November 2004 ; revision accepted 1 July 2005</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2005</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="references">206</extent><extent unit="words">17810</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">1 The genus Castor comprises two species: the Eurasian beaver Castor fiber, and the North American beaver Castor canadensis. Both species suffered from overexploitation, but have seen a revival since the 1920s due to increased protection and reintroduction programmes. Increases in the populations and distributions of species that are able to modify ecosystems have generated much scientific interest. Here we review the available literature concerning the possible ecological impact of beaver species in the Old and New World. 2 Beavers, being ecosystem engineers, are among the few species besides humans that can significantly change the geomorphology, and consequently the hydrological characteristics and biotic properties of the landscape. In so doing, beavers increase heterogeneity, and habitat and species diversity at the landscape scale. Beaver foraging also has a considerable impact on the course of ecological succession, species composition and structure of plant communities, making them a good example of ecologically dominant species (e.g. keystone species). 3 Nevertheless, the strength of beavers’ impact varies from site to site, depending on the geographical location, relief and the impounded habitat type. Consequently, they may not be significant controlling agents of the ecosystem in all parts of their distribution, but have strong interactions only under certain circumstances. We suggest that beavers can create important management opportunities in the Holarctic, and this review will help land managers determine the likely outcome of beaver activity.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>biodiversity</topic><topic>Castor canadensis</topic><topic>Castor fiber</topic><topic>conservation</topic><topic>ecosystem engineers</topic><topic>keystone species</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Mammal Review</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0305-1838</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1365-2907</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2907</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">MAM</identifier><part><date>2005</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>35</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>3‐4</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>248</start><end>276</end><total>29</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">C4B4172D33FCA7AD00A8E339C9DAD85DC2117D49</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1365-2907.2005.00067.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">MAM067</identifier><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Blackwell Science Ltd</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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