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Fitness costs of reproduction depend on life speed: empirical evidence from mammalian populations

Identifieur interne : 000741 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000740; suivant : 000742

Fitness costs of reproduction depend on life speed: empirical evidence from mammalian populations

Auteurs : Sandra Hamel ; Jean-Michel Gaillard ; Nigel Gilles Yoccoz ; Anne Loison ; Christophe Bonenfant ; Sébastien Descamps

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:FFE974316AB50D8D5CD871C9A1DCACFC19CEB933

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Abstract

Ecology Letters (2010) 13: 915–935

Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01478.x

Links to Exploration step

ISTEX:FFE974316AB50D8D5CD871C9A1DCACFC19CEB933

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<p>Fitness costs of reproduction play a key role in understanding the evolution of reproductive tactics. Nevertheless, the detection and the intensity of costs of reproduction vary according to which life‐history traits and species are studied. We propose an evolutionary model demonstrating that the chance of detecting a cost of reproduction should be lower when the fitness component studied has a low rather than high variance. Consequently, the fitness component that is affected the most by costs of reproduction should vary with life speed. Since long‐lived species have developed a strategy that avoids jeopardizing their survival and short‐lived species favour current reproduction, variance in survival is smaller and variance in reproduction higher in long‐lived vs. short‐lived species. We review empirical studies of costs of reproduction in free‐ranging mammals, comparing evidence of costs reported among species and focal traits. In support of our model, more studies reported evidence of reproductive costs of reproduction in ungulates than in rodents, whereas survival costs of reproduction were more frequent in rodents than in ungulates. The life‐history model we propose is expected to apply to any species, and hence provides a better understanding of life‐history variation, which should be relevant to all evolutionary ecologists.</p>
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<p>
<b>Appendix S1</b>
How should costs of reproduction be measured?</p>
<p>
<b>Appendix S2</b>
Other costs of reproduction.</p>
<p>
<b>Appendix S3</b>
References listed in Tables 1 and 2.</p>
<p>As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer‐reviewed and may be re‐organized for online delivery, but are not copy‐edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors.</p>
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<i>Ecology Letters</i>
(2010) 13: 915–935</p>
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<title type="main">Abstract</title>
<p>Fitness costs of reproduction play a key role in understanding the evolution of reproductive tactics. Nevertheless, the detection and the intensity of costs of reproduction vary according to which life‐history traits and species are studied. We propose an evolutionary model demonstrating that the chance of detecting a cost of reproduction should be lower when the fitness component studied has a low rather than high variance. Consequently, the fitness component that is affected the most by costs of reproduction should vary with life speed. Since long‐lived species have developed a strategy that avoids jeopardizing their survival and short‐lived species favour current reproduction, variance in survival is smaller and variance in reproduction higher in long‐lived vs. short‐lived species. We review empirical studies of costs of reproduction in free‐ranging mammals, comparing evidence of costs reported among species and focal traits. In support of our model, more studies reported evidence of reproductive costs of reproduction in ungulates than in rodents, whereas survival costs of reproduction were more frequent in rodents than in ungulates. The life‐history model we propose is expected to apply to any species, and hence provides a better understanding of life‐history variation, which should be relevant to all evolutionary ecologists.</p>
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<affiliation>E-mail: sandra.hamel@uit.no</affiliation>
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<abstract>Fitness costs of reproduction play a key role in understanding the evolution of reproductive tactics. Nevertheless, the detection and the intensity of costs of reproduction vary according to which life‐history traits and species are studied. We propose an evolutionary model demonstrating that the chance of detecting a cost of reproduction should be lower when the fitness component studied has a low rather than high variance. Consequently, the fitness component that is affected the most by costs of reproduction should vary with life speed. Since long‐lived species have developed a strategy that avoids jeopardizing their survival and short‐lived species favour current reproduction, variance in survival is smaller and variance in reproduction higher in long‐lived vs. short‐lived species. We review empirical studies of costs of reproduction in free‐ranging mammals, comparing evidence of costs reported among species and focal traits. In support of our model, more studies reported evidence of reproductive costs of reproduction in ungulates than in rodents, whereas survival costs of reproduction were more frequent in rodents than in ungulates. The life‐history model we propose is expected to apply to any species, and hence provides a better understanding of life‐history variation, which should be relevant to all evolutionary ecologists.</abstract>
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<note type="content"> Appendix S1 How should costs of reproduction be measured? Appendix S2 Other costs of reproduction. Appendix S3 References listed in Tables 1 and 2. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer‐reviewed and may be re‐organized for online delivery, but are not copy‐edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Appendix S1 How should costs of reproduction be measured? Appendix S2 Other costs of reproduction. Appendix S3 References listed in Tables 1 and 2. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer‐reviewed and may be re‐organized for online delivery, but are not copy‐edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Appendix S1 How should costs of reproduction be measured? Appendix S2 Other costs of reproduction. Appendix S3 References listed in Tables 1 and 2. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer‐reviewed and may be re‐organized for online delivery, but are not copy‐edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Appendix S1 How should costs of reproduction be measured? Appendix S2 Other costs of reproduction. Appendix S3 References listed in Tables 1 and 2. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer‐reviewed and may be re‐organized for online delivery, but are not copy‐edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors.Supporting Info Item: Supporting info item - Supporting info item - Supporting info item - </note>
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