Effect of dietary phosphorus deficiency on the growth, immune function and structural integrity of head kidney, spleen and skin in young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).
Identifieur interne : 000875 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000874; suivant : 000876Effect of dietary phosphorus deficiency on the growth, immune function and structural integrity of head kidney, spleen and skin in young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).
Auteurs : Kang Chen ; Wei-Dan Jiang ; Pei Wu ; Yang Liu ; Sheng-Yao Kuang ; Ling Tang ; Wu-Neng Tang ; Yong-An Zhang ; Xiao-Qiu Zhou ; Lin FengSource :
- Fish & shellfish immunology [ 1095-9947 ] ; 2017.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Aeromonas hydrophila (physiology), Animal Feed (analysis), Animals (MeSH), Antioxidants (metabolism), Apoptosis (physiology), Carps (growth & development), Carps (immunology), Diet (veterinary), Dietary Supplements (analysis), Fish Diseases (immunology), Fish Diseases (microbiology), Fish Proteins (genetics), Fish Proteins (metabolism), Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections (immunology), Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections (microbiology), Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections (veterinary), Head Kidney (metabolism), Immunity, Innate (physiology), Phosphorus (deficiency), Phosphorus, Dietary (immunology), Phosphorus, Dietary (metabolism), Skin (metabolism), Spleen (metabolism), Tight Junctions (physiology).
- MESH :
- chemical , deficiency : Phosphorus.
- chemical , genetics : Fish Proteins.
- chemical , immunology : Phosphorus, Dietary.
- chemical , metabolism : Antioxidants, Fish Proteins, Phosphorus, Dietary.
- analysis : Animal Feed, Dietary Supplements.
- growth & development : Carps.
- immunology : Carps, Fish Diseases, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections.
- metabolism : Head Kidney, Skin, Spleen.
- microbiology : Fish Diseases, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections.
- physiology : Aeromonas hydrophila, Apoptosis, Immunity, Innate, Tight Junctions.
- veterinary : Diet, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections.
- Animals.
Abstract
This study evaluates the effects of dietary phosphorus on the growth, immune function and structural integrity (head kidney, spleen and skin) of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) that were fed graded levels of available phosphorus (0.95-8.75 g/kg diet). Results indicated that phosphorus deficiency decreased the growth performance of young grass carp. In addition, the results first demonstrated that compared with the optimal phosphorus level, phosphorus deficiency depressed the lysozyme (LZ) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities and the complement 3 (C3), C4 and immunoglobulin M (IgM) contents, and down-regulated the mRNA levels of antimicrobial peptides, anti-inflammatory cytokines, inhibitor of κBα (IκBα) and target of rapamycin (TOR), whereas it up-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and NF-κB p52 mRNA levels to decrease fish head kidney and spleen immune functions. Moreover, phosphorus deficiency up-regulated the mRNA levels of Kelch-like-ECH-associated protein 1a (Keap1a), Fas ligand (FasL), apoptotic protease activating factor-1 (Apaf-1), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), caspase -2, -3, -7, -8 and -9, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), whereas it depressed the glutathione (GSH) contents and antioxidant enzymes activities, and down-regulated the mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), B-cell lymphoma protein-2 (Bcl-2), myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) and tight junction complexes to attenuate fish head kidney and spleen structural integrity. In addition, phosphorus deficiency increased skin hemorrhage and lesions morbidity. Finally, based on the percent weight gain (PWG) and the ability to combat skin hemorrhage and lesions, the dietary available phosphorus requirements for young grass carp (254.56-898.23 g) were estimated to be 4.10 and 4.13 g/kg diet, respectively. In summary, phosphorus deficiency decreases the growth performance, and impairs immune function and structural integrity in the head kidney, spleen and skin of young grass carp.
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.02.007
PubMed: 28192254
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:28192254Le document en format XML
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Electronic address: xqzhouqq@tom.com.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Feng, Lin" sort="Feng, Lin" uniqKey="Feng L" first="Lin" last="Feng">Lin Feng</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China. Electronic address: fenglin@sicau.edu.cn.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:28192254</idno><idno type="pmid">28192254</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.fsi.2017.02.007</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000875</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000875</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Effect of dietary phosphorus deficiency on the growth, immune function and structural integrity of head kidney, spleen and skin in young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).</title><author><name sortKey="Chen, Kang" sort="Chen, Kang" uniqKey="Chen K" first="Kang" last="Chen">Kang Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, Wei Dan" sort="Jiang, Wei Dan" uniqKey="Jiang W" first="Wei-Dan" last="Jiang">Wei-Dan Jiang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, Pei" sort="Wu, Pei" uniqKey="Wu P" first="Pei" last="Wu">Pei Wu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Yang" sort="Liu, Yang" uniqKey="Liu Y" first="Yang" last="Liu">Yang Liu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuang, Sheng Yao" sort="Kuang, Sheng Yao" uniqKey="Kuang S" first="Sheng-Yao" last="Kuang">Sheng-Yao Kuang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tang, Ling" sort="Tang, Ling" uniqKey="Tang L" first="Ling" last="Tang">Ling Tang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tang, Wu Neng" sort="Tang, Wu Neng" uniqKey="Tang W" first="Wu-Neng" last="Tang">Wu-Neng Tang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Yong An" sort="Zhang, Yong An" uniqKey="Zhang Y" first="Yong-An" last="Zhang">Yong-An Zhang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhou, Xiao Qiu" sort="Zhou, Xiao Qiu" uniqKey="Zhou X" first="Xiao-Qiu" last="Zhou">Xiao-Qiu Zhou</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China. Electronic address: xqzhouqq@tom.com.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Feng, Lin" sort="Feng, Lin" uniqKey="Feng L" first="Lin" last="Feng">Lin Feng</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China. Electronic address: fenglin@sicau.edu.cn.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Fish & shellfish immunology</title><idno type="eISSN">1095-9947</idno><imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Aeromonas hydrophila (physiology)</term><term>Animal Feed (analysis)</term><term>Animals (MeSH)</term><term>Antioxidants (metabolism)</term><term>Apoptosis (physiology)</term><term>Carps (growth & development)</term><term>Carps (immunology)</term><term>Diet (veterinary)</term><term>Dietary Supplements (analysis)</term><term>Fish Diseases (immunology)</term><term>Fish Diseases (microbiology)</term><term>Fish Proteins (genetics)</term><term>Fish Proteins (metabolism)</term><term>Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections (immunology)</term><term>Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections (microbiology)</term><term>Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections (veterinary)</term><term>Head Kidney (metabolism)</term><term>Immunity, Innate (physiology)</term><term>Phosphorus (deficiency)</term><term>Phosphorus, Dietary (immunology)</term><term>Phosphorus, Dietary (metabolism)</term><term>Skin (metabolism)</term><term>Spleen (metabolism)</term><term>Tight Junctions (physiology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="deficiency" xml:lang="en"><term>Phosphorus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Fish Proteins</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Phosphorus, Dietary</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Antioxidants</term><term>Fish Proteins</term><term>Phosphorus, Dietary</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>Animal Feed</term><term>Dietary Supplements</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="growth & development" xml:lang="en"><term>Carps</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Carps</term><term>Fish Diseases</term><term>Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Head Kidney</term><term>Skin</term><term>Spleen</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Fish Diseases</term><term>Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Aeromonas hydrophila</term><term>Apoptosis</term><term>Immunity, Innate</term><term>Tight Junctions</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="veterinary" xml:lang="en"><term>Diet</term><term>Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">This study evaluates the effects of dietary phosphorus on the growth, immune function and structural integrity (head kidney, spleen and skin) of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) that were fed graded levels of available phosphorus (0.95-8.75 g/kg diet). Results indicated that phosphorus deficiency decreased the growth performance of young grass carp. In addition, the results first demonstrated that compared with the optimal phosphorus level, phosphorus deficiency depressed the lysozyme (LZ) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities and the complement 3 (C3), C4 and immunoglobulin M (IgM) contents, and down-regulated the mRNA levels of antimicrobial peptides, anti-inflammatory cytokines, inhibitor of κBα (IκBα) and target of rapamycin (TOR), whereas it up-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and NF-κB p52 mRNA levels to decrease fish head kidney and spleen immune functions. Moreover, phosphorus deficiency up-regulated the mRNA levels of Kelch-like-ECH-associated protein 1a (Keap1a), Fas ligand (FasL), apoptotic protease activating factor-1 (Apaf-1), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), caspase -2, -3, -7, -8 and -9, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), whereas it depressed the glutathione (GSH) contents and antioxidant enzymes activities, and down-regulated the mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), B-cell lymphoma protein-2 (Bcl-2), myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) and tight junction complexes to attenuate fish head kidney and spleen structural integrity. In addition, phosphorus deficiency increased skin hemorrhage and lesions morbidity. Finally, based on the percent weight gain (PWG) and the ability to combat skin hemorrhage and lesions, the dietary available phosphorus requirements for young grass carp (254.56-898.23 g) were estimated to be 4.10 and 4.13 g/kg diet, respectively. In summary, phosphorus deficiency decreases the growth performance, and impairs immune function and structural integrity in the head kidney, spleen and skin of young grass carp.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">28192254</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2017</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>03</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>03</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1095-9947</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>63</Volume><PubDate><Year>2017</Year><Month>Apr</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Fish & shellfish immunology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Fish Shellfish Immunol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Effect of dietary phosphorus deficiency on the growth, immune function and structural integrity of head kidney, spleen and skin in young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>103-126</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S1050-4648(17)30070-0</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.fsi.2017.02.007</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>This study evaluates the effects of dietary phosphorus on the growth, immune function and structural integrity (head kidney, spleen and skin) of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) that were fed graded levels of available phosphorus (0.95-8.75 g/kg diet). Results indicated that phosphorus deficiency decreased the growth performance of young grass carp. In addition, the results first demonstrated that compared with the optimal phosphorus level, phosphorus deficiency depressed the lysozyme (LZ) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities and the complement 3 (C3), C4 and immunoglobulin M (IgM) contents, and down-regulated the mRNA levels of antimicrobial peptides, anti-inflammatory cytokines, inhibitor of κBα (IκBα) and target of rapamycin (TOR), whereas it up-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and NF-κB p52 mRNA levels to decrease fish head kidney and spleen immune functions. Moreover, phosphorus deficiency up-regulated the mRNA levels of Kelch-like-ECH-associated protein 1a (Keap1a), Fas ligand (FasL), apoptotic protease activating factor-1 (Apaf-1), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), caspase -2, -3, -7, -8 and -9, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), whereas it depressed the glutathione (GSH) contents and antioxidant enzymes activities, and down-regulated the mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), B-cell lymphoma protein-2 (Bcl-2), myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) and tight junction complexes to attenuate fish head kidney and spleen structural integrity. In addition, phosphorus deficiency increased skin hemorrhage and lesions morbidity. Finally, based on the percent weight gain (PWG) and the ability to combat skin hemorrhage and lesions, the dietary available phosphorus requirements for young grass carp (254.56-898.23 g) were estimated to be 4.10 and 4.13 g/kg diet, respectively. In summary, phosphorus deficiency decreases the growth performance, and impairs immune function and structural integrity in the head kidney, spleen and skin of young grass carp.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Ltd.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Kang</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jiang</LastName><ForeName>Wei-Dan</ForeName><Initials>WD</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wu</LastName><ForeName>Pei</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Liu</LastName><ForeName>Yang</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kuang</LastName><ForeName>Sheng-Yao</ForeName><Initials>SY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tang</LastName><ForeName>Ling</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tang</LastName><ForeName>Wu-Neng</ForeName><Initials>WN</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Yong-An</ForeName><Initials>YA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhou</LastName><ForeName>Xiao-Qiu</ForeName><Initials>XQ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China. Electronic address: xqzhouqq@tom.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Feng</LastName><ForeName>Lin</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China. Electronic address: fenglin@sicau.edu.cn.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2017</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>10</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Fish Shellfish Immunol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9505220</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1050-4648</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000975">Antioxidants</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D029941">Fish Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D016226">Phosphorus, Dietary</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>27YLU75U4W</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D010758">Phosphorus</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016980" MajorTopicYN="N">Aeromonas hydrophila</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000821" MajorTopicYN="N">Animal Feed</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000975" MajorTopicYN="N">Antioxidants</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017209" MajorTopicYN="N">Apoptosis</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002347" MajorTopicYN="Y">Carps</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000254" MajorTopicYN="N">growth & development</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004032" MajorTopicYN="N">Diet</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000662" MajorTopicYN="Y">veterinary</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D019587" MajorTopicYN="N">Dietary Supplements</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005393" MajorTopicYN="N">Fish Diseases</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="N">microbiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D029941" MajorTopicYN="N">Fish Proteins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016905" MajorTopicYN="N">Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="N">microbiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000662" MajorTopicYN="Y">veterinary</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D060226" MajorTopicYN="N">Head Kidney</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007113" MajorTopicYN="N">Immunity, Innate</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010758" MajorTopicYN="N">Phosphorus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000172" MajorTopicYN="Y">deficiency</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016226" MajorTopicYN="N">Phosphorus, Dietary</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012867" MajorTopicYN="N">Skin</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013154" MajorTopicYN="N">Spleen</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D019108" MajorTopicYN="N">Tight Junctions</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Head kidney</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Immune function</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Phosphorus deficiency</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Spleen</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Structural integrity</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2016</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>02</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2017</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>07</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2017</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>08</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2017</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2017</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>4</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2017</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28192254</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S1050-4648(17)30070-0</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.fsi.2017.02.007</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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