Dexamethasone Stimulates Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Replication Through Autophagy.
Identifieur interne : 000512 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000511; suivant : 000513Dexamethasone Stimulates Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Replication Through Autophagy.
Auteurs : Qiao He ; Xiaoyu Song ; Yecai Huang ; Wenjuan Huang ; Bo Ye ; Huaichao Luo ; Hao Luo ; Lichun Wu ; Zuo Wang ; Weixian Chen ; Li ZhangSource :
- Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research [ 1643-3750 ] ; 2018.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult (MeSH), Autophagy (MeSH), Dexamethasone (metabolism), Dexamethasone (pharmacology), Female (MeSH), Hep G2 Cells (drug effects), Hepatitis B (metabolism), Hepatitis B virus (drug effects), Hepatitis B, Chronic (virology), Humans (MeSH), Immunosuppression (MeSH), Male (MeSH), Middle Aged (MeSH), Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic (virology), Retrospective Studies (MeSH), Virus Replication (drug effects).
- MESH :
- chemical , metabolism : Dexamethasone.
- chemical , pharmacology : Dexamethasone.
- drug effects : Hep G2 Cells, Hepatitis B virus, Virus Replication.
- metabolism : Hepatitis B.
- virology : Hepatitis B, Chronic, Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic.
- Adult, Autophagy, Female, Humans, Immunosuppression, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies.
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a fatal complication of chemotherapy. Occult HBV infection might be reactivated in patients undergoing chemotherapy or immunosuppression. However, the mechanism of HBV reactivation induced by chemotherapy or immunosuppression remains unclear. MATERIAL AND METHODS HepG2.2.15 cells were treated with an autophagy inducer (rapamycin), an inhibitor (3-methyladenine, 3-MA), and dexamethasone. Autophagosomes were observed by a transmission electron microscope (TEM). LC3-I, LC3-II, and P62 were analyzed by western blot. HBV replicative intermediates were detected by southern blot. HBV DNA expression was quantitated with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The level of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) in culture medium was examined by ELISA. RESULTS In this study, we find that dexamethasone stimulates HBV replication and protein expression by inducing autophagy in HepG2.2.15 cells. In contrast, autophagy inhibitor (3-MA) abrogates HBsAg secretion stimulated by dexamethasone. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that dexamethasone stimulates HBV replication through autophagy. This might provide a novel insight into the mechanism of glucocorticoid-mediated HBV reactivation through autophagy, which might be a new therapeutic target.
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.906250
PubMed: 29972684
PubMed Central: PMC6064191
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:29972684Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Dexamethasone Stimulates Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Replication Through Autophagy.</title><author><name sortKey="He, Qiao" sort="He, Qiao" uniqKey="He Q" first="Qiao" last="He">Qiao He</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Song, Xiaoyu" sort="Song, Xiaoyu" uniqKey="Song X" first="Xiaoyu" last="Song">Xiaoyu Song</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Yecai" sort="Huang, Yecai" uniqKey="Huang Y" first="Yecai" last="Huang">Yecai Huang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Wenjuan" sort="Huang, Wenjuan" uniqKey="Huang W" first="Wenjuan" last="Huang">Wenjuan Huang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ye, Bo" sort="Ye, Bo" uniqKey="Ye B" first="Bo" last="Ye">Bo Ye</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luo, Huaichao" sort="Luo, Huaichao" uniqKey="Luo H" first="Huaichao" last="Luo">Huaichao Luo</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luo, Hao" sort="Luo, Hao" uniqKey="Luo H" first="Hao" last="Luo">Hao Luo</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, Lichun" sort="Wu, Lichun" uniqKey="Wu L" first="Lichun" last="Wu">Lichun Wu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Zuo" sort="Wang, Zuo" uniqKey="Wang Z" first="Zuo" last="Wang">Zuo Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Weixian" sort="Chen, Weixian" uniqKey="Chen W" first="Weixian" last="Chen">Weixian Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Li" sort="Zhang, Li" uniqKey="Zhang L" first="Li" last="Zhang">Li Zhang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2018">2018</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:29972684</idno><idno type="pmid">29972684</idno><idno type="doi">10.12659/MSM.906250</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC6064191</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000512</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000512</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Dexamethasone Stimulates Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Replication Through Autophagy.</title><author><name sortKey="He, Qiao" sort="He, Qiao" uniqKey="He Q" first="Qiao" last="He">Qiao He</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Song, Xiaoyu" sort="Song, Xiaoyu" uniqKey="Song X" first="Xiaoyu" last="Song">Xiaoyu Song</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Yecai" sort="Huang, Yecai" uniqKey="Huang Y" first="Yecai" last="Huang">Yecai Huang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Wenjuan" sort="Huang, Wenjuan" uniqKey="Huang W" first="Wenjuan" last="Huang">Wenjuan Huang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ye, Bo" sort="Ye, Bo" uniqKey="Ye B" first="Bo" last="Ye">Bo Ye</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luo, Huaichao" sort="Luo, Huaichao" uniqKey="Luo H" first="Huaichao" last="Luo">Huaichao Luo</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luo, Hao" sort="Luo, Hao" uniqKey="Luo H" first="Hao" last="Luo">Hao Luo</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, Lichun" sort="Wu, Lichun" uniqKey="Wu L" first="Lichun" last="Wu">Lichun Wu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Zuo" sort="Wang, Zuo" uniqKey="Wang Z" first="Zuo" last="Wang">Zuo Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Weixian" sort="Chen, Weixian" uniqKey="Chen W" first="Weixian" last="Chen">Weixian Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Li" sort="Zhang, Li" uniqKey="Zhang L" first="Li" last="Zhang">Li Zhang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research</title><idno type="eISSN">1643-3750</idno><imprint><date when="2018" type="published">2018</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult (MeSH)</term><term>Autophagy (MeSH)</term><term>Dexamethasone (metabolism)</term><term>Dexamethasone (pharmacology)</term><term>Female (MeSH)</term><term>Hep G2 Cells (drug effects)</term><term>Hepatitis B (metabolism)</term><term>Hepatitis B virus (drug effects)</term><term>Hepatitis B, Chronic (virology)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Immunosuppression (MeSH)</term><term>Male (MeSH)</term><term>Middle Aged (MeSH)</term><term>Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic (virology)</term><term>Retrospective Studies (MeSH)</term><term>Virus Replication (drug effects)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Dexamethasone</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="pharmacology" xml:lang="en"><term>Dexamethasone</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Hep G2 Cells</term><term>Hepatitis B virus</term><term>Virus Replication</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Hepatitis B</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Hepatitis B, Chronic</term><term>Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Autophagy</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Immunosuppression</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Retrospective Studies</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">BACKGROUND Reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a fatal complication of chemotherapy. Occult HBV infection might be reactivated in patients undergoing chemotherapy or immunosuppression. However, the mechanism of HBV reactivation induced by chemotherapy or immunosuppression remains unclear. MATERIAL AND METHODS HepG2.2.15 cells were treated with an autophagy inducer (rapamycin), an inhibitor (3-methyladenine, 3-MA), and dexamethasone. Autophagosomes were observed by a transmission electron microscope (TEM). LC3-I, LC3-II, and P62 were analyzed by western blot. HBV replicative intermediates were detected by southern blot. HBV DNA expression was quantitated with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The level of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) in culture medium was examined by ELISA. RESULTS In this study, we find that dexamethasone stimulates HBV replication and protein expression by inducing autophagy in HepG2.2.15 cells. In contrast, autophagy inhibitor (3-MA) abrogates HBsAg secretion stimulated by dexamethasone. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that dexamethasone stimulates HBV replication through autophagy. This might provide a novel insight into the mechanism of glucocorticoid-mediated HBV reactivation through autophagy, which might be a new therapeutic target.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">29972684</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2018</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>24</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2018</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>14</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1643-3750</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>24</Volume><PubDate><Year>2018</Year><Month>Jul</Month><Day>04</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Med Sci Monit</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Dexamethasone Stimulates Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Replication Through Autophagy.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>4617-4624</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.12659/MSM.906250</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>BACKGROUND Reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a fatal complication of chemotherapy. Occult HBV infection might be reactivated in patients undergoing chemotherapy or immunosuppression. However, the mechanism of HBV reactivation induced by chemotherapy or immunosuppression remains unclear. MATERIAL AND METHODS HepG2.2.15 cells were treated with an autophagy inducer (rapamycin), an inhibitor (3-methyladenine, 3-MA), and dexamethasone. Autophagosomes were observed by a transmission electron microscope (TEM). LC3-I, LC3-II, and P62 were analyzed by western blot. HBV replicative intermediates were detected by southern blot. HBV DNA expression was quantitated with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The level of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) in culture medium was examined by ELISA. RESULTS In this study, we find that dexamethasone stimulates HBV replication and protein expression by inducing autophagy in HepG2.2.15 cells. In contrast, autophagy inhibitor (3-MA) abrogates HBsAg secretion stimulated by dexamethasone. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that dexamethasone stimulates HBV replication through autophagy. This might provide a novel insight into the mechanism of glucocorticoid-mediated HBV reactivation through autophagy, which might be a new therapeutic target.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>He</LastName><ForeName>Qiao</ForeName><Initials>Q</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland).</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Song</LastName><ForeName>Xiaoyu</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Huang</LastName><ForeName>Yecai</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Huang</LastName><ForeName>Wenjuan</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland).</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ye</LastName><ForeName>Bo</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Luo</LastName><ForeName>Huaichao</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Luo</LastName><ForeName>Hao</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wu</LastName><ForeName>Lichun</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Zuo</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Weixian</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland).</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Li</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2018</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>04</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Med Sci Monit</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9609063</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1234-1010</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>7S5I7G3JQL</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D003907">Dexamethasone</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001343" MajorTopicYN="N">Autophagy</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003907" MajorTopicYN="N">Dexamethasone</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="Y">pharmacology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D056945" MajorTopicYN="N">Hep G2 Cells</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="N">drug effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006509" MajorTopicYN="N">Hepatitis B</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" 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