Dying piece by piece: carbohydrate dynamics in aspen (Populus tremuloides) seedlings under severe carbon stress.
Identifieur interne : 001427 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001426; suivant : 001428Dying piece by piece: carbohydrate dynamics in aspen (Populus tremuloides) seedlings under severe carbon stress.
Auteurs : Erin Wiley [Canada] ; Günter Hoch [Suisse] ; Simon M. Landh Usser [Canada]Source :
- Journal of experimental botany [ 1460-2431 ] ; 2017.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Amidon (métabolisme), Arbres (MeSH), Biomasse (MeSH), Carbone (déficit), Carbone (effets des radiations), Feuilles de plante (effets des radiations), Feuilles de plante (physiologie), Métabolisme glucidique (effets des radiations), Obscurité (MeSH), Plant (effets des radiations), Plant (physiologie), Populus (effets des radiations), Populus (physiologie), Racines de plante (effets des radiations), Racines de plante (physiologie), Tiges de plante (effets des radiations), Tiges de plante (physiologie).
- MESH :
- déficit : Carbone.
- effets des radiations : Carbone, Feuilles de plante, Métabolisme glucidique, Plant, Populus, Racines de plante, Tiges de plante.
- métabolisme : Amidon.
- physiologie : Feuilles de plante, Plant, Populus, Racines de plante, Tiges de plante.
- Arbres, Biomasse, Obscurité.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Biomass (MeSH), Carbohydrate Metabolism (radiation effects), Carbon (deficiency), Carbon (radiation effects), Darkness (MeSH), Plant Leaves (physiology), Plant Leaves (radiation effects), Plant Roots (physiology), Plant Roots (radiation effects), Plant Stems (physiology), Plant Stems (radiation effects), Populus (physiology), Populus (radiation effects), Seedlings (physiology), Seedlings (radiation effects), Starch (metabolism), Trees (MeSH).
- MESH :
- chemical , deficiency : Carbon.
- chemical , metabolism : Starch.
- physiology : Plant Leaves, Plant Roots, Plant Stems, Populus, Seedlings.
- radiation effects : Carbohydrate Metabolism, Carbon, Plant Leaves, Plant Roots, Plant Stems, Populus, Seedlings.
- Biomass, Darkness, Trees.
Abstract
Carbon starvation as a mechanism of tree mortality is poorly understood. We exposed seedlings of aspen (Populus tremuloides) to complete darkness at 20 or 28 °C to identify minimum non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) concentrations at which trees die and to see if these levels vary between organs or with environmental conditions. We also first grew seedlings under different shade levels to determine if size affects survival time under darkness due to changes in initial NSC concentration and pool size and/or respiration rates. Darkness treatments caused a gradual dieback of tissues. Even after half the stem had died, substantial starch reserves were still present in the roots (1.3-3% dry weight), indicating limitations to carbohydrate remobilization and/or transport during starvation in the absence of water stress. Survival time decreased with increased temperature and with increasing initial shade level, which was associated with smaller biomass, higher respiration rates, and initially smaller NSC pool size. Dead tissues generally contained no starch, but sugar concentrations were substantially above zero and differed between organs (~2% in stems up to ~7.5% in leaves) and, at times, between temperature treatments and initial, pre-darkness shade treatments. Minimum root NSC concentrations were difficult to determine because dead roots quickly began to decompose, but we identify 5-6% sugar as a potential threshold for living roots. This variability may complicate efforts to identify critical NSC thresholds below which trees starve.
DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx342
PubMed: 29036658
PubMed Central: PMC5853906
Affiliations:
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Landh Usser</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Edmonton</settlement><region type="state">Alberta</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of experimental botany</title><idno type="eISSN">1460-2431</idno><imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Biomass (MeSH)</term><term>Carbohydrate Metabolism (radiation effects)</term><term>Carbon (deficiency)</term><term>Carbon (radiation effects)</term><term>Darkness (MeSH)</term><term>Plant Leaves (physiology)</term><term>Plant Leaves (radiation effects)</term><term>Plant Roots (physiology)</term><term>Plant Roots (radiation effects)</term><term>Plant Stems (physiology)</term><term>Plant Stems (radiation effects)</term><term>Populus (physiology)</term><term>Populus (radiation effects)</term><term>Seedlings (physiology)</term><term>Seedlings (radiation effects)</term><term>Starch (metabolism)</term><term>Trees (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Amidon (métabolisme)</term><term>Arbres (MeSH)</term><term>Biomasse (MeSH)</term><term>Carbone (déficit)</term><term>Carbone (effets des radiations)</term><term>Feuilles de plante (effets des radiations)</term><term>Feuilles de plante (physiologie)</term><term>Métabolisme glucidique (effets des radiations)</term><term>Obscurité (MeSH)</term><term>Plant (effets des radiations)</term><term>Plant (physiologie)</term><term>Populus (effets des radiations)</term><term>Populus (physiologie)</term><term>Racines de plante (effets des radiations)</term><term>Racines de plante (physiologie)</term><term>Tiges de plante (effets des radiations)</term><term>Tiges de plante (physiologie)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="deficiency" xml:lang="en"><term>Carbon</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Starch</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="déficit" xml:lang="fr"><term>Carbone</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="effets des radiations" xml:lang="fr"><term>Carbone</term><term>Feuilles de plante</term><term>Métabolisme glucidique</term><term>Plant</term><term>Populus</term><term>Racines de plante</term><term>Tiges de plante</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr"><term>Amidon</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Feuilles de plante</term><term>Plant</term><term>Populus</term><term>Racines de plante</term><term>Tiges de plante</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Plant Leaves</term><term>Plant Roots</term><term>Plant Stems</term><term>Populus</term><term>Seedlings</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="radiation effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Carbohydrate Metabolism</term><term>Carbon</term><term>Plant Leaves</term><term>Plant Roots</term><term>Plant Stems</term><term>Populus</term><term>Seedlings</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Biomass</term><term>Darkness</term><term>Trees</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Arbres</term><term>Biomasse</term><term>Obscurité</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Carbon starvation as a mechanism of tree mortality is poorly understood. We exposed seedlings of aspen (Populus tremuloides) to complete darkness at 20 or 28 °C to identify minimum non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) concentrations at which trees die and to see if these levels vary between organs or with environmental conditions. We also first grew seedlings under different shade levels to determine if size affects survival time under darkness due to changes in initial NSC concentration and pool size and/or respiration rates. Darkness treatments caused a gradual dieback of tissues. Even after half the stem had died, substantial starch reserves were still present in the roots (1.3-3% dry weight), indicating limitations to carbohydrate remobilization and/or transport during starvation in the absence of water stress. Survival time decreased with increased temperature and with increasing initial shade level, which was associated with smaller biomass, higher respiration rates, and initially smaller NSC pool size. Dead tissues generally contained no starch, but sugar concentrations were substantially above zero and differed between organs (~2% in stems up to ~7.5% in leaves) and, at times, between temperature treatments and initial, pre-darkness shade treatments. Minimum root NSC concentrations were difficult to determine because dead roots quickly began to decompose, but we identify 5-6% sugar as a potential threshold for living roots. This variability may complicate efforts to identify critical NSC thresholds below which trees starve.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">29036658</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2018</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>05</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2018</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>13</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1460-2431</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>68</Volume><Issue>18</Issue><PubDate><Year>2017</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>02</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of experimental botany</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Exp Bot</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Dying piece by piece: carbohydrate dynamics in aspen (Populus tremuloides) seedlings under severe carbon stress.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>5221-5232</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1093/jxb/erx342</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Carbon starvation as a mechanism of tree mortality is poorly understood. We exposed seedlings of aspen (Populus tremuloides) to complete darkness at 20 or 28 °C to identify minimum non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) concentrations at which trees die and to see if these levels vary between organs or with environmental conditions. We also first grew seedlings under different shade levels to determine if size affects survival time under darkness due to changes in initial NSC concentration and pool size and/or respiration rates. Darkness treatments caused a gradual dieback of tissues. Even after half the stem had died, substantial starch reserves were still present in the roots (1.3-3% dry weight), indicating limitations to carbohydrate remobilization and/or transport during starvation in the absence of water stress. Survival time decreased with increased temperature and with increasing initial shade level, which was associated with smaller biomass, higher respiration rates, and initially smaller NSC pool size. Dead tissues generally contained no starch, but sugar concentrations were substantially above zero and differed between organs (~2% in stems up to ~7.5% in leaves) and, at times, between temperature treatments and initial, pre-darkness shade treatments. Minimum root NSC concentrations were difficult to determine because dead roots quickly began to decompose, but we identify 5-6% sugar as a potential threshold for living roots. This variability may complicate efforts to identify critical NSC thresholds below which trees starve.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© Society for Experimental Biology 2017.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wiley</LastName><ForeName>Erin</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hoch</LastName><ForeName>Günter</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Environmental Sciences - Botany, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Landhäusser</LastName><ForeName>Simon M</ForeName><Initials>SM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>J Exp Bot</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9882906</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0022-0957</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>7440-44-0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D002244">Carbon</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>9005-25-8</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D013213">Starch</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018533" MajorTopicYN="N">Biomass</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D050260" MajorTopicYN="N">Carbohydrate Metabolism</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000528" MajorTopicYN="Y">radiation 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MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000528" MajorTopicYN="N">radiation effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D032107" MajorTopicYN="N">Populus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000528" MajorTopicYN="N">radiation effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D036226" MajorTopicYN="N">Seedlings</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000528" MajorTopicYN="N">radiation effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013213" MajorTopicYN="N">Starch</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014197" MajorTopicYN="N">Trees</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Tree mortality</Keyword><Keyword 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