Stress differentially causes roots of tree seedlings to exude carbon.
Identifieur interne : 001188 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001187; suivant : 001189Stress differentially causes roots of tree seedlings to exude carbon.
Auteurs : Justine Karst ; Jacob Gaster ; Erin Wiley ; Simon M. Landh UsserSource :
- Tree physiology [ 1758-4469 ] ; 2017.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- métabolisme : Arbres, Carbone, Plant, Racines de plante.
- Sol, Stress physiologique.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , metabolism : Carbon.
- metabolism : Plant Roots, Seedlings, Trees.
- chemical : Soil, Stress, Physiological.
Abstract
How carbon (C) flows through plants into soils is poorly understood. Carbon exuded comes from a pool of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in roots. Simple models of diffusion across concentration gradients indicate that the more C in roots, the more C should be exuded from roots. However, the mechanisms underlying the accumulation and loss of C from roots may differ depending on the stress experienced by plants. Thus, stress type may influence exudation independent of NSC. We tested this hypothesis by examining the relationship between NSC in fine roots and exudation of organic C in aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) seedlings after exposure to shade, cold soils and drought in a controlled environment. Fine root concentrations of NSC varied by treatment. Mass-specific C exudation increased with increasing fine root sugar concentration in all treatments, but stress type affected exudation independently of sugar concentration. Seedlings exposed to cold soils exuded the most C on a per mass basis. Through 13C labeling, we also found that stressed seedlings allocated relatively more new C to exudates than roots compared with unstressed seedlings. Stress affects exudation of C via mechanisms other than changes in root carbohydrate availability.
DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpw090
PubMed: 27744381
Affiliations:
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Landh Usser</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta , 442 Earth Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT6G 2E3.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">CanadaT6G 2E3</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:27744381</idno><idno type="pmid">27744381</idno><idno type="doi">10.1093/treephys/tpw090</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">001598</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">001598</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">001598</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">001598</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">001598</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Stress differentially causes roots of tree seedlings to exude carbon.</title><author><name sortKey="Karst, Justine" sort="Karst, Justine" uniqKey="Karst J" first="Justine" last="Karst">Justine Karst</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta , 442 Earth Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT6G 2E3.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">CanadaT6G 2E3</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gaster, Jacob" sort="Gaster, Jacob" uniqKey="Gaster J" first="Jacob" last="Gaster">Jacob Gaster</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta , 442 Earth Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT6G 2E3.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">CanadaT6G 2E3</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wiley, Erin" sort="Wiley, Erin" uniqKey="Wiley E" first="Erin" last="Wiley">Erin Wiley</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta , 442 Earth Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT6G 2E3.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">CanadaT6G 2E3</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Landh Usser, Simon M" sort="Landh Usser, Simon M" uniqKey="Landh Usser S" first="Simon M" last="Landh Usser">Simon M. Landh Usser</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta , 442 Earth Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT6G 2E3.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">CanadaT6G 2E3</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Tree physiology</title><idno type="eISSN">1758-4469</idno><imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Carbon (metabolism)</term><term>Plant Roots (metabolism)</term><term>Seedlings (metabolism)</term><term>Soil (MeSH)</term><term>Stress, Physiological (MeSH)</term><term>Trees (metabolism)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Arbres (métabolisme)</term><term>Carbone (métabolisme)</term><term>Plant (métabolisme)</term><term>Racines de plante (métabolisme)</term><term>Sol (MeSH)</term><term>Stress physiologique (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Carbon</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Plant Roots</term><term>Seedlings</term><term>Trees</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr"><term>Arbres</term><term>Carbone</term><term>Plant</term><term>Racines de plante</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" xml:lang="en"><term>Soil</term><term>Stress, Physiological</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Sol</term><term>Stress physiologique</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">How carbon (C) flows through plants into soils is poorly understood. Carbon exuded comes from a pool of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in roots. Simple models of diffusion across concentration gradients indicate that the more C in roots, the more C should be exuded from roots. However, the mechanisms underlying the accumulation and loss of C from roots may differ depending on the stress experienced by plants. Thus, stress type may influence exudation independent of NSC. We tested this hypothesis by examining the relationship between NSC in fine roots and exudation of organic C in aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) seedlings after exposure to shade, cold soils and drought in a controlled environment. Fine root concentrations of NSC varied by treatment. Mass-specific C exudation increased with increasing fine root sugar concentration in all treatments, but stress type affected exudation independently of sugar concentration. Seedlings exposed to cold soils exuded the most C on a per mass basis. Through 13C labeling, we also found that stressed seedlings allocated relatively more new C to exudates than roots compared with unstressed seedlings. Stress affects exudation of C via mechanisms other than changes in root carbohydrate availability.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">27744381</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2017</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>05</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>18</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1758-4469</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>37</Volume><Issue>2</Issue><PubDate><Year>2017</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>01</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Tree physiology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Tree Physiol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Stress differentially causes roots of tree seedlings to exude carbon.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>154-164</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1093/treephys/tpw090</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>How carbon (C) flows through plants into soils is poorly understood. Carbon exuded comes from a pool of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in roots. Simple models of diffusion across concentration gradients indicate that the more C in roots, the more C should be exuded from roots. However, the mechanisms underlying the accumulation and loss of C from roots may differ depending on the stress experienced by plants. Thus, stress type may influence exudation independent of NSC. We tested this hypothesis by examining the relationship between NSC in fine roots and exudation of organic C in aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) seedlings after exposure to shade, cold soils and drought in a controlled environment. Fine root concentrations of NSC varied by treatment. Mass-specific C exudation increased with increasing fine root sugar concentration in all treatments, but stress type affected exudation independently of sugar concentration. Seedlings exposed to cold soils exuded the most C on a per mass basis. Through 13C labeling, we also found that stressed seedlings allocated relatively more new C to exudates than roots compared with unstressed seedlings. Stress affects exudation of C via mechanisms other than changes in root carbohydrate availability.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Karst</LastName><ForeName>Justine</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta , 442 Earth Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT6G 2E3.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gaster</LastName><ForeName>Jacob</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta , 442 Earth Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT6G 2E3.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wiley</LastName><ForeName>Erin</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta , 442 Earth Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT6G 2E3.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Landhäusser</LastName><ForeName>Simon M</ForeName><Initials>SM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta , 442 Earth Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT6G 2E3.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Canada</Country><MedlineTA>Tree Physiol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>100955338</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0829-318X</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D012987">Soil</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>7440-44-0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D002244">Carbon</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="CommentIn"><RefSource>Tree Physiol. 2017 Feb 1;37(2):151-153</RefSource><PMID Version="1">27885174</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002244" MajorTopicYN="N">Carbon</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018517" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Roots</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D036226" MajorTopicYN="N">Seedlings</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012987" MajorTopicYN="N">Soil</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013312" MajorTopicYN="Y">Stress, Physiological</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014197" MajorTopicYN="N">Trees</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">13C labeling</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">carbon</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">exudates</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">non-structural carbohydrates</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">plant–soil interactions</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">reserves</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">rhizodeposition</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">stress</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2016</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>24</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2016</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>04</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>17</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2017</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>7</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>17</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27744381</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">tpw090</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1093/treephys/tpw090</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Gaster, Jacob" sort="Gaster, Jacob" uniqKey="Gaster J" first="Jacob" last="Gaster">Jacob Gaster</name><name sortKey="Karst, Justine" sort="Karst, Justine" uniqKey="Karst J" first="Justine" last="Karst">Justine Karst</name><name sortKey="Landh Usser, Simon M" sort="Landh Usser, Simon M" uniqKey="Landh Usser S" first="Simon M" last="Landh Usser">Simon M. 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