Xylem diameter changes during osmotic stress, desiccation and freezing in Pinus sylvestris and Populus tremula.
Identifieur interne : 001122 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001121; suivant : 001123Xylem diameter changes during osmotic stress, desiccation and freezing in Pinus sylvestris and Populus tremula.
Auteurs : Anna Lintunen [Finlande] ; Lauri Lindfors [Finlande] ; Eero Nikinmaa [Finlande] ; Teemu Höltt [Finlande]Source :
- Tree physiology [ 1758-4469 ] ; 2017.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- physiologie : Eau, Pinus sylvestris, Populus, Xylème.
- Congélation, Dessiccation, Pression osmotique, Stress physiologique.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , physiology : Water.
- physiology : Pinus sylvestris, Populus, Xylem.
- Desiccation, Freezing, Osmotic Pressure, Stress, Physiological.
Abstract
Trees experience low apoplastic water potential frequently in most environments. Low apoplastic water potential increases the risk of embolism formation in xylem conduits and creates dehydration stress for the living cells. We studied the magnitude and rate of xylem diameter change in response to decreasing apoplastic water potential and the role of living parenchyma cells in it to better understand xylem diameter changes in different environmental conditions. We compared responses of control and heat-injured xylem of Pinus sylvestris (L.) and Populus tremula (L.) branches to decreasing apoplastic water potential created by osmotic stress, desiccation and freezing. It was shown that xylem in control branches shrank more in response to decreasing apoplastic water potential in comparison with the samples that were preheated to damage living xylem parenchyma. By manipulating the osmotic pressure of the xylem sap, we observed xylem shrinkage due to decreasing apoplastic water potential even in the absence of water tension within the conduits. These results indicate that decreasing apoplastic water potential led to withdrawal of intracellular water from the xylem parenchyma, causing tissue shrinkage. The amount of xylem shrinkage per decrease in apoplastic water potential was higher during osmotic stress or desiccation compared with freezing. During desiccation, xylem diameter shrinkage involved both dehydration-related shrinkage of xylem parenchyma and water tension-induced shrinkage of conduits, whereas dehydration-related shrinkage of xylem parenchyma was accompanied by swelling of apoplastic ice during freezing. It was also shown that the exchange of water between symplast and apoplast within xylem is clearly faster than previously reported between the phloem and the xylem. Time constant of xylem shrinkage was 40 and 2 times higher during osmotic stress than during freezing stress in P. sylvestris and P. tremula, respectively. Finally, it was concluded that the amount of water stored in the xylem parenchyma is an important reservoir for trees to buffer daily fluctuations in water relations.
DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpw114
PubMed: 27998974
Affiliations:
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BOX 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. BOX 27, FI-00014 Helsinki</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lindfors, Lauri" sort="Lindfors, Lauri" uniqKey="Lindfors L" first="Lauri" last="Lindfors">Lauri Lindfors</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. BOX 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. BOX 27, FI-00014 Helsinki</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. BOX 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. BOX 64, FI-00014 Helsinki</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nikinmaa, Eero" sort="Nikinmaa, Eero" uniqKey="Nikinmaa E" first="Eero" last="Nikinmaa">Eero Nikinmaa</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. BOX 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. BOX 27, FI-00014 Helsinki</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Holtt, Teemu" sort="Holtt, Teemu" uniqKey="Holtt T" first="Teemu" last="Höltt">Teemu Höltt</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. BOX 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. BOX 27, FI-00014 Helsinki</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Tree physiology</title><idno type="eISSN">1758-4469</idno><imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Desiccation (MeSH)</term><term>Freezing (MeSH)</term><term>Osmotic Pressure (MeSH)</term><term>Pinus sylvestris (physiology)</term><term>Populus (physiology)</term><term>Stress, Physiological (MeSH)</term><term>Water (physiology)</term><term>Xylem (physiology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Congélation (MeSH)</term><term>Dessiccation (MeSH)</term><term>Eau (physiologie)</term><term>Pinus sylvestris (physiologie)</term><term>Populus (physiologie)</term><term>Pression osmotique (MeSH)</term><term>Stress physiologique (MeSH)</term><term>Xylème (physiologie)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Water</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Eau</term><term>Pinus sylvestris</term><term>Populus</term><term>Xylème</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Pinus sylvestris</term><term>Populus</term><term>Xylem</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Desiccation</term><term>Freezing</term><term>Osmotic Pressure</term><term>Stress, Physiological</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Congélation</term><term>Dessiccation</term><term>Pression osmotique</term><term>Stress physiologique</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Trees experience low apoplastic water potential frequently in most environments. Low apoplastic water potential increases the risk of embolism formation in xylem conduits and creates dehydration stress for the living cells. We studied the magnitude and rate of xylem diameter change in response to decreasing apoplastic water potential and the role of living parenchyma cells in it to better understand xylem diameter changes in different environmental conditions. We compared responses of control and heat-injured xylem of Pinus sylvestris (L.) and Populus tremula (L.) branches to decreasing apoplastic water potential created by osmotic stress, desiccation and freezing. It was shown that xylem in control branches shrank more in response to decreasing apoplastic water potential in comparison with the samples that were preheated to damage living xylem parenchyma. By manipulating the osmotic pressure of the xylem sap, we observed xylem shrinkage due to decreasing apoplastic water potential even in the absence of water tension within the conduits. These results indicate that decreasing apoplastic water potential led to withdrawal of intracellular water from the xylem parenchyma, causing tissue shrinkage. The amount of xylem shrinkage per decrease in apoplastic water potential was higher during osmotic stress or desiccation compared with freezing. During desiccation, xylem diameter shrinkage involved both dehydration-related shrinkage of xylem parenchyma and water tension-induced shrinkage of conduits, whereas dehydration-related shrinkage of xylem parenchyma was accompanied by swelling of apoplastic ice during freezing. It was also shown that the exchange of water between symplast and apoplast within xylem is clearly faster than previously reported between the phloem and the xylem. Time constant of xylem shrinkage was 40 and 2 times higher during osmotic stress than during freezing stress in P. sylvestris and P. tremula, respectively. Finally, it was concluded that the amount of water stored in the xylem parenchyma is an important reservoir for trees to buffer daily fluctuations in water relations.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" IndexingMethod="Curated" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">27998974</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2018</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>19</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2018</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>02</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1758-4469</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>37</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2017</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>01</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Tree physiology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Tree Physiol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Xylem diameter changes during osmotic stress, desiccation and freezing in Pinus sylvestris and Populus tremula.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>491-500</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1093/treephys/tpw114</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Trees experience low apoplastic water potential frequently in most environments. Low apoplastic water potential increases the risk of embolism formation in xylem conduits and creates dehydration stress for the living cells. We studied the magnitude and rate of xylem diameter change in response to decreasing apoplastic water potential and the role of living parenchyma cells in it to better understand xylem diameter changes in different environmental conditions. We compared responses of control and heat-injured xylem of Pinus sylvestris (L.) and Populus tremula (L.) branches to decreasing apoplastic water potential created by osmotic stress, desiccation and freezing. It was shown that xylem in control branches shrank more in response to decreasing apoplastic water potential in comparison with the samples that were preheated to damage living xylem parenchyma. By manipulating the osmotic pressure of the xylem sap, we observed xylem shrinkage due to decreasing apoplastic water potential even in the absence of water tension within the conduits. These results indicate that decreasing apoplastic water potential led to withdrawal of intracellular water from the xylem parenchyma, causing tissue shrinkage. The amount of xylem shrinkage per decrease in apoplastic water potential was higher during osmotic stress or desiccation compared with freezing. During desiccation, xylem diameter shrinkage involved both dehydration-related shrinkage of xylem parenchyma and water tension-induced shrinkage of conduits, whereas dehydration-related shrinkage of xylem parenchyma was accompanied by swelling of apoplastic ice during freezing. It was also shown that the exchange of water between symplast and apoplast within xylem is clearly faster than previously reported between the phloem and the xylem. Time constant of xylem shrinkage was 40 and 2 times higher during osmotic stress than during freezing stress in P. sylvestris and P. tremula, respectively. Finally, it was concluded that the amount of water stored in the xylem parenchyma is an important reservoir for trees to buffer daily fluctuations in water relations.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lintunen</LastName><ForeName>Anna</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. BOX 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lindfors</LastName><ForeName>Lauri</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. BOX 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. BOX 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nikinmaa</LastName><ForeName>Eero</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. BOX 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hölttä</LastName><ForeName>Teemu</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. BOX 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Canada</Country><MedlineTA>Tree Physiol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>100955338</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0829-318X</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>059QF0KO0R</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D014867">Water</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003890" MajorTopicYN="Y">Desiccation</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005615" MajorTopicYN="Y">Freezing</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009997" MajorTopicYN="N">Osmotic Pressure</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D041605" MajorTopicYN="N">Pinus sylvestris</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D032107" MajorTopicYN="N">Populus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013312" MajorTopicYN="Y">Stress, Physiological</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014867" MajorTopicYN="N">Water</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D052584" MajorTopicYN="N">Xylem</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">dehydration</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">diameter variation</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">extracellular freezing</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">frost stress</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">xylem parenchyma</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">xylem shrinkage</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2016</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>28</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2016</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>24</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>22</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2018</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>20</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>22</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27998974</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">tpw114</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1093/treephys/tpw114</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Finlande</li></country><region><li>Uusimaa</li></region><settlement><li>Helsinki</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université d'Helsinki</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Finlande"><region name="Uusimaa"><name sortKey="Lintunen, Anna" sort="Lintunen, Anna" uniqKey="Lintunen A" first="Anna" last="Lintunen">Anna Lintunen</name></region><name sortKey="Holtt, Teemu" sort="Holtt, Teemu" uniqKey="Holtt T" first="Teemu" last="Höltt">Teemu Höltt</name><name sortKey="Lindfors, Lauri" sort="Lindfors, Lauri" uniqKey="Lindfors L" first="Lauri" last="Lindfors">Lauri Lindfors</name><name sortKey="Lindfors, Lauri" sort="Lindfors, Lauri" uniqKey="Lindfors L" first="Lauri" last="Lindfors">Lauri Lindfors</name><name sortKey="Nikinmaa, Eero" sort="Nikinmaa, Eero" uniqKey="Nikinmaa E" first="Eero" last="Nikinmaa">Eero Nikinmaa</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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