Leaching losses of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen from agricultural soils in the upper US Midwest.
Identifieur interne : 000293 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000292; suivant : 000294Leaching losses of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen from agricultural soils in the upper US Midwest.
Auteurs : Mir Zaman Hussain [États-Unis] ; G Philip Robertson [États-Unis] ; Bruno Basso [États-Unis] ; Stephen K. Hamilton [États-Unis]Source :
- The Science of the total environment [ 1879-1026 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
Leaching losses of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON) from agricultural systems are important to water quality and carbon and nutrient balances but are rarely reported; the few available studies suggest linkages to litter production (DOC) and nitrogen fertilization (DON). In this study we examine the leaching of DOC, DON, NO3-, and NH4+ from no-till corn (maize) and perennial bioenergy crops (switchgrass, miscanthus, native grasses, restored prairie, and poplar) grown between 2009 and 2016 in a replicated field experiment in the upper Midwest U.S. Leaching was estimated from concentrations in soil water and modeled drainage (percolation) rates. DOC leaching rates (kg ha-1 yr-1) and volume-weighted mean concentrations (mg L-1) among cropping systems averaged 15.4 and 4.6, respectively; N fertilization had no effect and poplar lost the most DOC (21.8 and 6.9, respectively). DON leaching rates (kg ha-1 yr-1) and volume-weighted mean concentrations (mg L-1) under corn (the most heavily N-fertilized crop) averaged 4.5 and 1.0, respectively, which was higher than perennial grasses (mean: 1.5 and 0.5, respectively) and poplar (1.6 and 0.5, respectively). NO3- comprised the majority of total N leaching in all systems (59-92%). Average NO3- leaching (kg N ha-1 yr-1) under corn (35.3) was higher than perennial grasses (5.9) and poplar (7.2). NH4+ concentrations in soil water from all cropping systems were relatively low (<0.07 mg N L-1). Perennial crops leached more NO3- in the first few years after planting, and markedly less after. Among the fertilized crops, the leached N represented 14-38% of the added N over the study period; poplar lost the greatest proportion (38%) and corn was intermediate (23%). Requiring only one third or less of the N fertilization compared to corn, perennial bioenergy crops can substantially reduce N leaching and consequent movement into aquifers and surface waters.
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139379
PubMed: 32473451
Affiliations:
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Leaching losses of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON) from agricultural systems are important to water quality and carbon and nutrient balances but are rarely reported; the few available studies suggest linkages to litter production (DOC) and nitrogen fertilization (DON). In this study we examine the leaching of DOC, DON, NO<sub>3</sub>
<sup>-</sup>
, and NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
from no-till corn (maize) and perennial bioenergy crops (switchgrass, miscanthus, native grasses, restored prairie, and poplar) grown between 2009 and 2016 in a replicated field experiment in the upper Midwest U.S. Leaching was estimated from concentrations in soil water and modeled drainage (percolation) rates. DOC leaching rates (kg ha<sup>-1</sup>
yr<sup>-1</sup>
) and volume-weighted mean concentrations (mg L<sup>-1</sup>
) among cropping systems averaged 15.4 and 4.6, respectively; N fertilization had no effect and poplar lost the most DOC (21.8 and 6.9, respectively). DON leaching rates (kg ha<sup>-1</sup>
yr<sup>-1</sup>
) and volume-weighted mean concentrations (mg L<sup>-1</sup>
) under corn (the most heavily N-fertilized crop) averaged 4.5 and 1.0, respectively, which was higher than perennial grasses (mean: 1.5 and 0.5, respectively) and poplar (1.6 and 0.5, respectively). NO<sub>3</sub>
<sup>-</sup>
comprised the majority of total N leaching in all systems (59-92%). Average NO<sub>3</sub>
<sup>-</sup>
leaching (kg N ha<sup>-1</sup>
yr<sup>-1</sup>
) under corn (35.3) was higher than perennial grasses (5.9) and poplar (7.2). NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
concentrations in soil water from all cropping systems were relatively low (<0.07 mg N L<sup>-1</sup>
). Perennial crops leached more NO<sub>3</sub>
<sup>-</sup>
in the first few years after planting, and markedly less after. Among the fertilized crops, the leached N represented 14-38% of the added N over the study period; poplar lost the greatest proportion (38%) and corn was intermediate (23%). Requiring only one third or less of the N fertilization compared to corn, perennial bioenergy crops can substantially reduce N leaching and consequent movement into aquifers and surface waters.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32473451</PMID>
<DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year>
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<Title>The Science of the total environment</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Sci Total Environ</ISOAbbreviation>
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<ArticleTitle>Leaching losses of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen from agricultural soils in the upper US Midwest.</ArticleTitle>
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<Abstract><AbstractText>Leaching losses of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON) from agricultural systems are important to water quality and carbon and nutrient balances but are rarely reported; the few available studies suggest linkages to litter production (DOC) and nitrogen fertilization (DON). In this study we examine the leaching of DOC, DON, NO<sub>3</sub>
<sup>-</sup>
, and NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
from no-till corn (maize) and perennial bioenergy crops (switchgrass, miscanthus, native grasses, restored prairie, and poplar) grown between 2009 and 2016 in a replicated field experiment in the upper Midwest U.S. Leaching was estimated from concentrations in soil water and modeled drainage (percolation) rates. DOC leaching rates (kg ha<sup>-1</sup>
yr<sup>-1</sup>
) and volume-weighted mean concentrations (mg L<sup>-1</sup>
) among cropping systems averaged 15.4 and 4.6, respectively; N fertilization had no effect and poplar lost the most DOC (21.8 and 6.9, respectively). DON leaching rates (kg ha<sup>-1</sup>
yr<sup>-1</sup>
) and volume-weighted mean concentrations (mg L<sup>-1</sup>
) under corn (the most heavily N-fertilized crop) averaged 4.5 and 1.0, respectively, which was higher than perennial grasses (mean: 1.5 and 0.5, respectively) and poplar (1.6 and 0.5, respectively). NO<sub>3</sub>
<sup>-</sup>
comprised the majority of total N leaching in all systems (59-92%). Average NO<sub>3</sub>
<sup>-</sup>
leaching (kg N ha<sup>-1</sup>
yr<sup>-1</sup>
) under corn (35.3) was higher than perennial grasses (5.9) and poplar (7.2). NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
concentrations in soil water from all cropping systems were relatively low (<0.07 mg N L<sup>-1</sup>
). Perennial crops leached more NO<sub>3</sub>
<sup>-</sup>
in the first few years after planting, and markedly less after. Among the fertilized crops, the leached N represented 14-38% of the added N over the study period; poplar lost the greatest proportion (38%) and corn was intermediate (23%). Requiring only one third or less of the N fertilization compared to corn, perennial bioenergy crops can substantially reduce N leaching and consequent movement into aquifers and surface waters.</AbstractText>
<CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hussain</LastName>
<ForeName>Mir Zaman</ForeName>
<Initials>MZ</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI 49060, USA; Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Robertson</LastName>
<ForeName>G Philip</ForeName>
<Initials>GP</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI 49060, USA; Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Basso</LastName>
<ForeName>Bruno</ForeName>
<Initials>B</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI 49060, USA; Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hamilton</LastName>
<ForeName>Stephen K</ForeName>
<Initials>SK</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI 49060, USA; Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545, USA. Electronic address: hamilton@msu.edu.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
<ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>05</Month>
<Day>14</Day>
</ArticleDate>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Netherlands</Country>
<MedlineTA>Sci Total Environ</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>0330500</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>0048-9697</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
<KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Biofuel</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Corn</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Dissolved organic matter</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Grass</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Nitrate</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Poplar</Keyword>
</KeywordList>
<CoiStatement>Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.</CoiStatement>
</MedlineCitation>
<PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>02</Month>
<Day>19</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>05</Month>
<Day>05</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>05</Month>
<Day>10</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
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<Month>5</Month>
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<affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region><li>Michigan</li>
<li>État de New York</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>East Lansing</li>
</settlement>
<orgName><li>Université d'État du Michigan</li>
</orgName>
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<tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Michigan"><name sortKey="Hussain, Mir Zaman" sort="Hussain, Mir Zaman" uniqKey="Hussain M" first="Mir Zaman" last="Hussain">Mir Zaman Hussain</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Basso, Bruno" sort="Basso, Bruno" uniqKey="Basso B" first="Bruno" last="Basso">Bruno Basso</name>
<name sortKey="Hamilton, Stephen K" sort="Hamilton, Stephen K" uniqKey="Hamilton S" first="Stephen K" last="Hamilton">Stephen K. Hamilton</name>
<name sortKey="Robertson, G Philip" sort="Robertson, G Philip" uniqKey="Robertson G" first="G Philip" last="Robertson">G Philip Robertson</name>
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