Somatic hybridization in the Uredinales.
Identifieur interne : 002914 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 002913; suivant : 002915Somatic hybridization in the Uredinales.
Auteurs : Robert F. Park ; Colin R. WellingsSource :
- Annual review of phytopathology [ 1545-2107 ] ; 2012.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Basidiomycota (genetics), Basidiomycota (growth & development), Basidiomycota (pathogenicity), Disease Resistance (MeSH), Genetic Variation (MeSH), Genotype (MeSH), Haploidy (MeSH), Hybridization, Genetic (MeSH), Plant Diseases (microbiology), Plants (microbiology), Recombination, Genetic (MeSH), Triticum (microbiology).
- MESH :
- genetics : Basidiomycota.
- growth & development : Basidiomycota.
- microbiology : Plant Diseases, Plants, Triticum.
- pathogenicity : Basidiomycota.
- Disease Resistance, Genetic Variation, Genotype, Haploidy, Hybridization, Genetic, Recombination, Genetic.
Abstract
Rust fungi are cosmopolitan in distribution and parasitize a wide range of plants, including economically important crop species such as wheat. Detailed regional, national, and continental surveys of pathogenic variability in wheat-attacking rust pathogens over periods of up to 90 years have shown that in the absence of sexual recombination, genetic diversity is generated by periodic introduction of exotic isolates, single-step mutation, and somatic hybridization. Laboratory studies have provided evidence for somatic hybridization between many rust species and formae speciales, and there is evidence for the process in nature within and between rust species on Linum, poplar, Senecio, wheat, and several grass species. Although the mechanisms involved in somatic hybridization are not well understood, they are thought to involve the fusion of dikaryotic vegetative hyphae, nuclear exchange, and possibly exchange of whole chromosomes between nuclei or parasexuality via the fusion of the two haploid nuclei, followed by mitotic crossing over and vegetative haploidization. In three cases, hybrid isolates rendered resistant plant genotypes susceptible because of new combinations of virulence. Implications for resistance breeding and future prospects in understanding the process are discussed.
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-072910-095405
PubMed: 22920559
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:22920559Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Park, Robert F" sort="Park, Robert F" uniqKey="Park R" first="Robert F" last="Park">Robert F. Park</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Plant Breeding Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2570, Australia. robert.park@sydney.edu.au</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wellings, Colin R" sort="Wellings, Colin R" uniqKey="Wellings C" first="Colin R" last="Wellings">Colin R. Wellings</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Wellings, Colin R" sort="Wellings, Colin R" uniqKey="Wellings C" first="Colin R" last="Wellings">Colin R. Wellings</name>
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<series><title level="j">Annual review of phytopathology</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1545-2107</idno>
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Basidiomycota (genetics)</term>
<term>Basidiomycota (growth & development)</term>
<term>Basidiomycota (pathogenicity)</term>
<term>Disease Resistance (MeSH)</term>
<term>Genetic Variation (MeSH)</term>
<term>Genotype (MeSH)</term>
<term>Haploidy (MeSH)</term>
<term>Hybridization, Genetic (MeSH)</term>
<term>Plant Diseases (microbiology)</term>
<term>Plants (microbiology)</term>
<term>Recombination, Genetic (MeSH)</term>
<term>Triticum (microbiology)</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Basidiomycota</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="growth & development" xml:lang="en"><term>Basidiomycota</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Plant Diseases</term>
<term>Plants</term>
<term>Triticum</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogenicity" xml:lang="en"><term>Basidiomycota</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Disease Resistance</term>
<term>Genetic Variation</term>
<term>Genotype</term>
<term>Haploidy</term>
<term>Hybridization, Genetic</term>
<term>Recombination, Genetic</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Rust fungi are cosmopolitan in distribution and parasitize a wide range of plants, including economically important crop species such as wheat. Detailed regional, national, and continental surveys of pathogenic variability in wheat-attacking rust pathogens over periods of up to 90 years have shown that in the absence of sexual recombination, genetic diversity is generated by periodic introduction of exotic isolates, single-step mutation, and somatic hybridization. Laboratory studies have provided evidence for somatic hybridization between many rust species and formae speciales, and there is evidence for the process in nature within and between rust species on Linum, poplar, Senecio, wheat, and several grass species. Although the mechanisms involved in somatic hybridization are not well understood, they are thought to involve the fusion of dikaryotic vegetative hyphae, nuclear exchange, and possibly exchange of whole chromosomes between nuclei or parasexuality via the fusion of the two haploid nuclei, followed by mitotic crossing over and vegetative haploidization. In three cases, hybrid isolates rendered resistant plant genotypes susceptible because of new combinations of virulence. Implications for resistance breeding and future prospects in understanding the process are discussed.</div>
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<Title>Annual review of phytopathology</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Annu Rev Phytopathol</ISOAbbreviation>
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<ArticleTitle>Somatic hybridization in the Uredinales.</ArticleTitle>
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<Abstract><AbstractText>Rust fungi are cosmopolitan in distribution and parasitize a wide range of plants, including economically important crop species such as wheat. Detailed regional, national, and continental surveys of pathogenic variability in wheat-attacking rust pathogens over periods of up to 90 years have shown that in the absence of sexual recombination, genetic diversity is generated by periodic introduction of exotic isolates, single-step mutation, and somatic hybridization. Laboratory studies have provided evidence for somatic hybridization between many rust species and formae speciales, and there is evidence for the process in nature within and between rust species on Linum, poplar, Senecio, wheat, and several grass species. Although the mechanisms involved in somatic hybridization are not well understood, they are thought to involve the fusion of dikaryotic vegetative hyphae, nuclear exchange, and possibly exchange of whole chromosomes between nuclei or parasexuality via the fusion of the two haploid nuclei, followed by mitotic crossing over and vegetative haploidization. In three cases, hybrid isolates rendered resistant plant genotypes susceptible because of new combinations of virulence. Implications for resistance breeding and future prospects in understanding the process are discussed.</AbstractText>
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<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Park</LastName>
<ForeName>Robert F</ForeName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006238" MajorTopicYN="N">Haploidy</DescriptorName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006824" MajorTopicYN="N">Hybridization, Genetic</DescriptorName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010935" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Diseases</DescriptorName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011995" MajorTopicYN="N">Recombination, Genetic</DescriptorName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014908" MajorTopicYN="N">Triticum</DescriptorName>
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