Cacao diseases-the trilogy revisited.
Identifieur interne : 001F10 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001F09; suivant : 001F11Cacao diseases-the trilogy revisited.
Auteurs : Harry C. EvansSource :
- Phytopathology [ 0031-949X ] ; 2007.
Abstract
ABSTRACT This paper reviews the significant advances by the diseases themselves, as well as by the scientists, in the intervening period since the disease trilogy was first delimited in 1989. The impact of these diseases, black pod, witches' broom, and frosty pod rot, has increased dramatically. In addition, there have been radical changes in the taxonomic profiles of these pathogens, which have been based on both traditional (morphological, cytological) and modern (molecular) approaches. Black pod is caused by a complex of Phytophthora species, in which P. palmivora still is the most important worldwide. However, recent invasion of the principal cacao-growing countries of West Africa by the more virulent P. megakarya has been cause for concern. The latter evolved in the ancient forests straddling the Cameroon-Nigerian border as a primary coloniser of fallen fruit. Conversely, frosty pod rot, caused by Moniliophthora roreri, and witches' broom, caused by M. (Crinipellis) perniciosa, both neotropical diseases, are hemibiotrophic, coevolved pathogens. Respectively, M. roreri arose on Theobroma gileri in submontane forests on the north-western slopes of the Andes, whereas M. perniciosa developed as a complex of pathotypes with a considerably wider geographic and host range within South America; the cacao pathotype evolved on that host in the Amazon basin. The inter-relationships of these vicariant species and their recent spread are discussed, together with control strategies.
DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-97-12-1640
PubMed: 18943725
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Cacao diseases-the trilogy revisited.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Evans, Harry C" sort="Evans, Harry C" uniqKey="Evans H" first="Harry C" last="Evans">Harry C. Evans</name>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno>
<date when="2007">2007</date>
<idno type="RBID">pubmed:18943725</idno>
<idno type="pmid">18943725</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1094/PHYTO-97-12-1640</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">001C74</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">001C74</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">001C74</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">001C74</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">001C74</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Cacao diseases-the trilogy revisited.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Evans, Harry C" sort="Evans, Harry C" uniqKey="Evans H" first="Harry C" last="Evans">Harry C. Evans</name>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Phytopathology</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0031-949X</idno>
<imprint><date when="2007" type="published">2007</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">ABSTRACT This paper reviews the significant advances by the diseases themselves, as well as by the scientists, in the intervening period since the disease trilogy was first delimited in 1989. The impact of these diseases, black pod, witches' broom, and frosty pod rot, has increased dramatically. In addition, there have been radical changes in the taxonomic profiles of these pathogens, which have been based on both traditional (morphological, cytological) and modern (molecular) approaches. Black pod is caused by a complex of Phytophthora species, in which P. palmivora still is the most important worldwide. However, recent invasion of the principal cacao-growing countries of West Africa by the more virulent P. megakarya has been cause for concern. The latter evolved in the ancient forests straddling the Cameroon-Nigerian border as a primary coloniser of fallen fruit. Conversely, frosty pod rot, caused by Moniliophthora roreri, and witches' broom, caused by M. (Crinipellis) perniciosa, both neotropical diseases, are hemibiotrophic, coevolved pathogens. Respectively, M. roreri arose on Theobroma gileri in submontane forests on the north-western slopes of the Andes, whereas M. perniciosa developed as a complex of pathotypes with a considerably wider geographic and host range within South America; the cacao pathotype evolved on that host in the Amazon basin. The inter-relationships of these vicariant species and their recent spread are discussed, together with control strategies.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">18943725</PMID>
<DateCompleted><Year>2012</Year>
<Month>10</Month>
<Day>02</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2008</Year>
<Month>10</Month>
<Day>23</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">0031-949X</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>97</Volume>
<Issue>12</Issue>
<PubDate><Year>2007</Year>
<Month>Dec</Month>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>Phytopathology</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Phytopathology</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Cacao diseases-the trilogy revisited.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>1640-3</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1094/PHYTO-97-12-1640</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText>ABSTRACT This paper reviews the significant advances by the diseases themselves, as well as by the scientists, in the intervening period since the disease trilogy was first delimited in 1989. The impact of these diseases, black pod, witches' broom, and frosty pod rot, has increased dramatically. In addition, there have been radical changes in the taxonomic profiles of these pathogens, which have been based on both traditional (morphological, cytological) and modern (molecular) approaches. Black pod is caused by a complex of Phytophthora species, in which P. palmivora still is the most important worldwide. However, recent invasion of the principal cacao-growing countries of West Africa by the more virulent P. megakarya has been cause for concern. The latter evolved in the ancient forests straddling the Cameroon-Nigerian border as a primary coloniser of fallen fruit. Conversely, frosty pod rot, caused by Moniliophthora roreri, and witches' broom, caused by M. (Crinipellis) perniciosa, both neotropical diseases, are hemibiotrophic, coevolved pathogens. Respectively, M. roreri arose on Theobroma gileri in submontane forests on the north-western slopes of the Andes, whereas M. perniciosa developed as a complex of pathotypes with a considerably wider geographic and host range within South America; the cacao pathotype evolved on that host in the Amazon basin. The inter-relationships of these vicariant species and their recent spread are discussed, together with control strategies.</AbstractText>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Evans</LastName>
<ForeName>Harry C</ForeName>
<Initials>HC</Initials>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country>
<MedlineTA>Phytopathology</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>9427222</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>0031-949X</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
</MedlineCitation>
<PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2008</Year>
<Month>10</Month>
<Day>24</Day>
<Hour>9</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2008</Year>
<Month>10</Month>
<Day>24</Day>
<Hour>9</Hour>
<Minute>1</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2008</Year>
<Month>10</Month>
<Day>24</Day>
<Hour>9</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
</History>
<PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18943725</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1094/PHYTO-97-12-1640</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</PubmedData>
</pubmed>
<affiliations><list></list>
<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Evans, Harry C" sort="Evans, Harry C" uniqKey="Evans H" first="Harry C" last="Evans">Harry C. Evans</name>
</noCountry>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Bois/explor/PhytophthoraV1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 001F10 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 001F10 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien |wiki= Bois |area= PhytophthoraV1 |flux= Main |étape= Exploration |type= RBID |clé= pubmed:18943725 |texte= Cacao diseases-the trilogy revisited. }}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:18943725" \ | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd \ | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a PhytophthoraV1
This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.38. |