Effects of glucans and eicosapentaenoic acid on differential regulation of phenylpropanoid and mevalonic pathways during potato response to Phytophthora infestans.
Identifieur interne : 001548 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001547; suivant : 001549Effects of glucans and eicosapentaenoic acid on differential regulation of phenylpropanoid and mevalonic pathways during potato response to Phytophthora infestans.
Auteurs : Maria A. Henriquez [Canada] ; Erika A. Wolski ; Oscar I. Molina ; Lorne R. Adam ; Adriana B. Andreu ; Fouad DaayfSource :
- Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB [ 1873-2690 ] ; 2012.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Acide eicosapentanoïque (isolement et purification), Acide eicosapentanoïque (pharmacologie), Acide mévalonique (métabolisme), Analyse de séquence d'ADN (MeSH), Feuilles de plante (génétique), Feuilles de plante (immunologie), Feuilles de plante (métabolisme), Feuilles de plante (parasitologie), Glucanes (isolement et purification), Glucanes (pharmacologie), Hydroxybenzoates (MeSH), Immunité des plantes (MeSH), Interactions hôte-parasite (MeSH), Maladies des plantes (immunologie), Maladies des plantes (parasitologie), Paroi cellulaire (métabolisme), Phytophthora infestans (pathogénicité), Propanols (métabolisme), Réaction de polymérisation en chaine en temps réel (MeSH), Régulation de l'expression des gènes végétaux (MeSH), Régulation négative (MeSH), Régulation positive (MeSH), Solanum tuberosum (génétique), Solanum tuberosum (métabolisme), Solanum tuberosum (parasitologie), Solanum tuberosum (physiologie), Voies de biosynthèse (MeSH), Végétaux génétiquement modifiés (MeSH).
- MESH :
- génétique : Feuilles de plante, Solanum tuberosum.
- immunologie : Feuilles de plante, Maladies des plantes.
- isolement et purification : Acide eicosapentanoïque, Glucanes.
- métabolisme : Acide mévalonique, Feuilles de plante, Paroi cellulaire, Propanols, Solanum tuberosum.
- parasitologie : Feuilles de plante, Maladies des plantes, Solanum tuberosum.
- pathogénicité : Phytophthora infestans.
- pharmacologie : Acide eicosapentanoïque, Glucanes.
- physiologie : Solanum tuberosum.
- Analyse de séquence d'ADN, Hydroxybenzoates, Immunité des plantes, Interactions hôte-parasite, Réaction de polymérisation en chaine en temps réel, Régulation de l'expression des gènes végétaux, Régulation négative, Régulation positive, Voies de biosynthèse, Végétaux génétiquement modifiés.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Biosynthetic Pathways (MeSH), Cell Wall (metabolism), Down-Regulation (MeSH), Eicosapentaenoic Acid (isolation & purification), Eicosapentaenoic Acid (pharmacology), Gene Expression Regulation, Plant (MeSH), Glucans (isolation & purification), Glucans (pharmacology), Host-Parasite Interactions (MeSH), Hydroxybenzoates (MeSH), Mevalonic Acid (metabolism), Phytophthora infestans (pathogenicity), Plant Diseases (immunology), Plant Diseases (parasitology), Plant Immunity (MeSH), Plant Leaves (genetics), Plant Leaves (immunology), Plant Leaves (metabolism), Plant Leaves (parasitology), Plants, Genetically Modified (MeSH), Propanols (metabolism), Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (MeSH), Sequence Analysis, DNA (MeSH), Solanum tuberosum (genetics), Solanum tuberosum (metabolism), Solanum tuberosum (parasitology), Solanum tuberosum (physiology), Up-Regulation (MeSH).
- MESH :
- chemical , isolation & purification : Eicosapentaenoic Acid, Glucans.
- genetics : Plant Leaves, Solanum tuberosum.
- immunology : Plant Diseases, Plant Leaves.
- metabolism : Cell Wall, Mevalonic Acid, Plant Leaves, Propanols, Solanum tuberosum.
- parasitology : Plant Diseases, Plant Leaves, Solanum tuberosum.
- pathogenicity : Phytophthora infestans.
- chemical , pharmacology : Eicosapentaenoic Acid, Glucans.
- physiology : Solanum tuberosum.
- Biosynthetic Pathways, Down-Regulation, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Host-Parasite Interactions, Hydroxybenzoates, Plant Immunity, Plants, Genetically Modified, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Up-Regulation.
Abstract
The effects of Phytophthora infestans glucans, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and isolates of this pathogen, on the differential expression of eight genes from the phenylpropanoid and the mevalonate (Ac-MVA) pathways were analyzed in potato by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and qRT-PCR. The application of EPA had an elicitor effect in Russet Burbank (RB) and Defender (DF) in response to inoculation with a US8 isolate of P. infestans, thereby reducing symptoms of late blight. Such effect was associated with the expression of PAL-1 and PAL-2, since the latter occurred only when EPA was followed by inoculation, whereas these genes were down-regulated in individual treatments RB + EPA, RB + US8, DF + EPA, and DF + US8. The glucan fraction did not by itself suppress phenylpropanoid genes, but its combination with the pathogen resulted in a down-regulation of PAL-1, PAL-2 and CHS. The addition of the glucan fraction to the elicitor EPA, had a negative effect (RB + EPA + GL + US8) since plants showed higher disease symptoms than the ones pretreated with water then infected with US8, and in comparison with RB + EPA + US8 and RB + GL + US8. Exclusive up-regulation of 4CL in DF + US11 and of CHS in DF + EPA + GL + US8, DF + EPA + US11, DF + GL + US11 and DF + EPA + GL + US11, where late blight lesions were not detected, could be associated with potato protection against late blight. Along with previous findings in this pathosystem, these data suggest that genetic resistance in potato against P. infestans is not the result of isolated reactions against the pathogen, but rather the combination of many factors in-line with a polygenic/horizontal resistance.
DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.07.027
PubMed: 22922112
Affiliations:
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Henriquez</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Science, Agriculture Building, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3T 2N2.</nlm:affiliation><country>Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Science, Agriculture Building, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université du Manitoba</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Winnipeg</settlement><region type="state">Manitoba</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wolski, Erika A" sort="Wolski, Erika A" uniqKey="Wolski E" first="Erika A" last="Wolski">Erika A. Wolski</name></author><author><name sortKey="Molina, Oscar I" sort="Molina, Oscar I" uniqKey="Molina O" first="Oscar I" last="Molina">Oscar I. Molina</name></author><author><name sortKey="Adam, Lorne R" sort="Adam, Lorne R" uniqKey="Adam L" first="Lorne R" last="Adam">Lorne R. Adam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Andreu, Adriana B" sort="Andreu, Adriana B" uniqKey="Andreu A" first="Adriana B" last="Andreu">Adriana B. 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Adam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Andreu, Adriana B" sort="Andreu, Adriana B" uniqKey="Andreu A" first="Adriana B" last="Andreu">Adriana B. 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(immunology)</term><term>Plant Diseases (parasitology)</term><term>Plant Immunity (MeSH)</term><term>Plant Leaves (genetics)</term><term>Plant Leaves (immunology)</term><term>Plant Leaves (metabolism)</term><term>Plant Leaves (parasitology)</term><term>Plants, Genetically Modified (MeSH)</term><term>Propanols (metabolism)</term><term>Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (MeSH)</term><term>Sequence Analysis, DNA (MeSH)</term><term>Solanum tuberosum (genetics)</term><term>Solanum tuberosum (metabolism)</term><term>Solanum tuberosum (parasitology)</term><term>Solanum tuberosum (physiology)</term><term>Up-Regulation (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Acide eicosapentanoïque (isolement et purification)</term><term>Acide eicosapentanoïque (pharmacologie)</term><term>Acide mévalonique (métabolisme)</term><term>Analyse de séquence d'ADN (MeSH)</term><term>Feuilles de plante (génétique)</term><term>Feuilles de plante (immunologie)</term><term>Feuilles de plante (métabolisme)</term><term>Feuilles de plante (parasitologie)</term><term>Glucanes (isolement et purification)</term><term>Glucanes (pharmacologie)</term><term>Hydroxybenzoates (MeSH)</term><term>Immunité des plantes (MeSH)</term><term>Interactions hôte-parasite (MeSH)</term><term>Maladies des plantes (immunologie)</term><term>Maladies des plantes (parasitologie)</term><term>Paroi cellulaire (métabolisme)</term><term>Phytophthora infestans (pathogénicité)</term><term>Propanols (métabolisme)</term><term>Réaction de polymérisation en chaine en temps réel (MeSH)</term><term>Régulation de l'expression des gènes végétaux (MeSH)</term><term>Régulation négative (MeSH)</term><term>Régulation positive (MeSH)</term><term>Solanum tuberosum (génétique)</term><term>Solanum tuberosum (métabolisme)</term><term>Solanum tuberosum (parasitologie)</term><term>Solanum tuberosum (physiologie)</term><term>Voies de biosynthèse (MeSH)</term><term>Végétaux génétiquement modifiés (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>Eicosapentaenoic Acid</term><term>Glucans</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Plant Leaves</term><term>Solanum tuberosum</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Feuilles de plante</term><term>Solanum tuberosum</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Feuilles de plante</term><term>Maladies des plantes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Plant Diseases</term><term>Plant Leaves</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr"><term>Acide eicosapentanoïque</term><term>Glucanes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Cell Wall</term><term>Mevalonic Acid</term><term>Plant Leaves</term><term>Propanols</term><term>Solanum tuberosum</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr"><term>Acide mévalonique</term><term>Feuilles de plante</term><term>Paroi cellulaire</term><term>Propanols</term><term>Solanum tuberosum</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="parasitologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Feuilles de plante</term><term>Maladies des plantes</term><term>Solanum tuberosum</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="parasitology" xml:lang="en"><term>Plant Diseases</term><term>Plant Leaves</term><term>Solanum tuberosum</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogenicity" xml:lang="en"><term>Phytophthora infestans</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogénicité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Phytophthora infestans</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pharmacologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Acide eicosapentanoïque</term><term>Glucanes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="pharmacology" xml:lang="en"><term>Eicosapentaenoic Acid</term><term>Glucans</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Solanum tuberosum</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Solanum tuberosum</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Biosynthetic Pathways</term><term>Down-Regulation</term><term>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant</term><term>Host-Parasite Interactions</term><term>Hydroxybenzoates</term><term>Plant Immunity</term><term>Plants, Genetically Modified</term><term>Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction</term><term>Sequence Analysis, DNA</term><term>Up-Regulation</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Analyse de séquence d'ADN</term><term>Hydroxybenzoates</term><term>Immunité des plantes</term><term>Interactions hôte-parasite</term><term>Réaction de polymérisation en chaine en temps réel</term><term>Régulation de l'expression des gènes végétaux</term><term>Régulation négative</term><term>Régulation positive</term><term>Voies de biosynthèse</term><term>Végétaux génétiquement modifiés</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The effects of Phytophthora infestans glucans, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and isolates of this pathogen, on the differential expression of eight genes from the phenylpropanoid and the mevalonate (Ac-MVA) pathways were analyzed in potato by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and qRT-PCR. The application of EPA had an elicitor effect in Russet Burbank (RB) and Defender (DF) in response to inoculation with a US8 isolate of P. infestans, thereby reducing symptoms of late blight. Such effect was associated with the expression of PAL-1 and PAL-2, since the latter occurred only when EPA was followed by inoculation, whereas these genes were down-regulated in individual treatments RB + EPA, RB + US8, DF + EPA, and DF + US8. The glucan fraction did not by itself suppress phenylpropanoid genes, but its combination with the pathogen resulted in a down-regulation of PAL-1, PAL-2 and CHS. The addition of the glucan fraction to the elicitor EPA, had a negative effect (RB + EPA + GL + US8) since plants showed higher disease symptoms than the ones pretreated with water then infected with US8, and in comparison with RB + EPA + US8 and RB + GL + US8. Exclusive up-regulation of 4CL in DF + US11 and of CHS in DF + EPA + GL + US8, DF + EPA + US11, DF + GL + US11 and DF + EPA + GL + US11, where late blight lesions were not detected, could be associated with potato protection against late blight. Along with previous findings in this pathosystem, these data suggest that genetic resistance in potato against P. infestans is not the result of isolated reactions against the pathogen, but rather the combination of many factors in-line with a polygenic/horizontal resistance.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">22922112</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2013</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>24</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>30</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1873-2690</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>60</Volume><PubDate><Year>2012</Year><Month>Nov</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Plant Physiol Biochem</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Effects of glucans and eicosapentaenoic acid on differential regulation of phenylpropanoid and mevalonic pathways during potato response to Phytophthora infestans.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>119-28</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.07.027</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S0981-9428(12)00206-9</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>The effects of Phytophthora infestans glucans, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and isolates of this pathogen, on the differential expression of eight genes from the phenylpropanoid and the mevalonate (Ac-MVA) pathways were analyzed in potato by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and qRT-PCR. The application of EPA had an elicitor effect in Russet Burbank (RB) and Defender (DF) in response to inoculation with a US8 isolate of P. infestans, thereby reducing symptoms of late blight. Such effect was associated with the expression of PAL-1 and PAL-2, since the latter occurred only when EPA was followed by inoculation, whereas these genes were down-regulated in individual treatments RB + EPA, RB + US8, DF + EPA, and DF + US8. The glucan fraction did not by itself suppress phenylpropanoid genes, but its combination with the pathogen resulted in a down-regulation of PAL-1, PAL-2 and CHS. The addition of the glucan fraction to the elicitor EPA, had a negative effect (RB + EPA + GL + US8) since plants showed higher disease symptoms than the ones pretreated with water then infected with US8, and in comparison with RB + EPA + US8 and RB + GL + US8. Exclusive up-regulation of 4CL in DF + US11 and of CHS in DF + EPA + GL + US8, DF + EPA + US11, DF + GL + US11 and DF + EPA + GL + US11, where late blight lesions were not detected, could be associated with potato protection against late blight. Along with previous findings in this pathosystem, these data suggest that genetic resistance in potato against P. infestans is not the result of isolated reactions against the pathogen, but rather the combination of many factors in-line with a polygenic/horizontal resistance.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Henriquez</LastName><ForeName>Maria A</ForeName><Initials>MA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant Science, Agriculture Building, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3T 2N2.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wolski</LastName><ForeName>Erika A</ForeName><Initials>EA</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Molina</LastName><ForeName>Oscar I</ForeName><Initials>OI</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Adam</LastName><ForeName>Lorne R</ForeName><Initials>LR</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Andreu</LastName><ForeName>Adriana B</ForeName><Initials>AB</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Daayf</LastName><ForeName>Fouad</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2012</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>08</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>France</Country><MedlineTA>Plant Physiol Biochem</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9882449</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0981-9428</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D005936">Glucans</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D062385">Hydroxybenzoates</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D020005">Propanols</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0F897O3O4M</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C439395">1-phenylpropanol</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>AAN7QOV9EA</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D015118">Eicosapentaenoic Acid</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>I3P9R8317T</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C017616">phenolic acid</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>S5UOB36OCZ</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D008798">Mevalonic Acid</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D053898" MajorTopicYN="N">Biosynthetic Pathways</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002473" MajorTopicYN="N">Cell Wall</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015536" MajorTopicYN="N">Down-Regulation</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015118" MajorTopicYN="N">Eicosapentaenoic Acid</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000302" MajorTopicYN="N">isolation & purification</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="Y">pharmacology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018506" MajorTopicYN="N">Gene Expression Regulation, Plant</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005936" MajorTopicYN="N">Glucans</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000302" MajorTopicYN="N">isolation & purification</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="Y">pharmacology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006790" MajorTopicYN="N">Host-Parasite Interactions</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D062385" MajorTopicYN="N">Hydroxybenzoates</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008798" MajorTopicYN="N">Mevalonic Acid</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055750" MajorTopicYN="N">Phytophthora infestans</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000472" MajorTopicYN="Y">pathogenicity</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010935" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Diseases</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000469" MajorTopicYN="N">parasitology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D057865" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Immunity</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018515" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Leaves</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000469" MajorTopicYN="N">parasitology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D030821" MajorTopicYN="N">Plants, Genetically Modified</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D020005" MajorTopicYN="N">Propanols</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D060888" MajorTopicYN="N">Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017422" MajorTopicYN="N">Sequence Analysis, DNA</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011198" MajorTopicYN="N">Solanum tuberosum</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000469" MajorTopicYN="N">parasitology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015854" MajorTopicYN="N">Up-Regulation</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2012</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>06</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2012</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>30</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2012</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2012</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2013</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>25</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22922112</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S0981-9428(12)00206-9</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.07.027</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Canada</li></country><region><li>Manitoba</li></region><settlement><li>Winnipeg</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université du Manitoba</li></orgName></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Adam, Lorne R" sort="Adam, Lorne R" uniqKey="Adam L" first="Lorne R" last="Adam">Lorne R. Adam</name><name sortKey="Andreu, Adriana B" sort="Andreu, Adriana B" uniqKey="Andreu A" first="Adriana B" last="Andreu">Adriana B. Andreu</name><name sortKey="Daayf, Fouad" sort="Daayf, Fouad" uniqKey="Daayf F" first="Fouad" last="Daayf">Fouad Daayf</name><name sortKey="Molina, Oscar I" sort="Molina, Oscar I" uniqKey="Molina O" first="Oscar I" last="Molina">Oscar I. Molina</name><name sortKey="Wolski, Erika A" sort="Wolski, Erika A" uniqKey="Wolski E" first="Erika A" last="Wolski">Erika A. Wolski</name></noCountry><country name="Canada"><region name="Manitoba"><name sortKey="Henriquez, Maria A" sort="Henriquez, Maria A" uniqKey="Henriquez M" first="Maria A" last="Henriquez">Maria A. Henriquez</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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