The Phloem-Sap Feeding Mealybug (Ferrisia virgata) Carries ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ Populations That Do Not Cause Disease in Host Plants
Identifieur interne : 001183 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 001182; suivant : 001184The Phloem-Sap Feeding Mealybug (Ferrisia virgata) Carries ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ Populations That Do Not Cause Disease in Host Plants
Auteurs : Marco Pitino [États-Unis] ; Michele T. Hoffman [États-Unis] ; Lijuan Zhou [États-Unis] ; David G. Hall [États-Unis] ; Ian C. Stocks [États-Unis] ; Yongping Duan [États-Unis]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085503
PubMed: 24465578
PubMed Central: 3896372
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The Phloem-Sap Feeding Mealybug (<italic>Ferrisia virgata</italic>) Carries ‘<italic>Candidatus</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus’ Populations That Do Not Cause Disease in Host Plants</title><author><name sortKey="Pitino, Marco" sort="Pitino, Marco" uniqKey="Pitino M" first="Marco" last="Pitino">Marco Pitino</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoffman, Michele T" sort="Hoffman, Michele T" uniqKey="Hoffman M" first="Michele T." last="Hoffman">Michele T. Hoffman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhou, Lijuan" sort="Zhou, Lijuan" uniqKey="Zhou L" first="Lijuan" last="Zhou">Lijuan Zhou</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences-Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, Florida, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences-Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, Florida</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hall, David G" sort="Hall, David G" uniqKey="Hall D" first="David G." last="Hall">David G. Hall</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stocks, Ian C" sort="Stocks, Ian C" uniqKey="Stocks I" first="Ian C." last="Stocks">Ian C. Stocks</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services-Drug Policy Institute, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services-Drug Policy Institute, Gainesville, Florida</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Duan, Yongping" sort="Duan, Yongping" uniqKey="Duan Y" first="Yongping" last="Duan">Yongping Duan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24465578</idno><idno type="pmc">3896372</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3896372</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3896372</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0085503</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001184</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001183</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">The Phloem-Sap Feeding Mealybug (<italic>Ferrisia virgata</italic>) Carries ‘<italic>Candidatus</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus’ Populations That Do Not Cause Disease in Host Plants</title><author><name sortKey="Pitino, Marco" sort="Pitino, Marco" uniqKey="Pitino M" first="Marco" last="Pitino">Marco Pitino</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoffman, Michele T" sort="Hoffman, Michele T" uniqKey="Hoffman M" first="Michele T." last="Hoffman">Michele T. Hoffman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhou, Lijuan" sort="Zhou, Lijuan" uniqKey="Zhou L" first="Lijuan" last="Zhou">Lijuan Zhou</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences-Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, Florida, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences-Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, Florida</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hall, David G" sort="Hall, David G" uniqKey="Hall D" first="David G." last="Hall">David G. Hall</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stocks, Ian C" sort="Stocks, Ian C" uniqKey="Stocks I" first="Ian C." last="Stocks">Ian C. Stocks</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services-Drug Policy Institute, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services-Drug Policy Institute, Gainesville, Florida</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Duan, Yongping" sort="Duan, Yongping" uniqKey="Duan Y" first="Yongping" last="Duan">Yongping Duan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><italic>‘Candidatus</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus’ (Las) is the primary causal agent of huanglongbing (HLB), the most devastating disease of citrus worldwide. There are three known insect vectors of the HLB-associated bacteria, and all are members of the Hemiptera: <italic>Diaphorina citri</italic> (Psyllidae), <italic>Trioza erytreae</italic> (Triozidae), and <italic>Cacopsylla</italic> (<italic>Psylla</italic>) <italic>citrisuga</italic> (Psyllidae). In this study, we found that another hemipteran, the striped mealybug <italic>Ferrisia virgata</italic> (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), was able to acquire and retain Las bacteria. The bacterial titers were positively correlated with the feeding acquisition time on Las-infected leaf discs, with a two-weeks feeding period resulting in Ct values ranging from 23.1 to 36.1 (8.24×10<sup>7</sup> to 1.07×10<sup>4</sup> Las cells per mealybug). We further discovered that the prophage/phage populations of Las in the mealybugs were different from those of Las in psyllids based on Las prophage-specific molecular markers: infected psyllids harbored the Las populations with prophage/phage FP1 and FP2, while infected mealybugs carried the Las populations with the iFP3 being the dominant prophage/phage. As in the psyllids, Las bacteria were shown to move through the insect gut wall to the salivary glands after being ingested by the mealybug based on a time-course quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay of the dissected digestive systems. However, Las populations transmitted by the mealybugs did not cause disease in host plants. This is the first evidence of genetic difference among Las populations harbored by different insect vectors and difference among Las populations with respect to whether or not they cause disease in host plants.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bove, Jm" uniqKey="Bove J">JM Bove</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bove Jm, Aa" uniqKey="Bove Jm A">AA Bové JM</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jagoueix, S" uniqKey="Jagoueix S">S Jagoueix</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bove, J M" uniqKey="Bove J">J-M Bove</name></author><author><name sortKey="Garnier, M" uniqKey="Garnier M">M Garnier</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Teixeira, Dd" uniqKey="Teixeira D">DD Teixeira</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saillard, C" uniqKey="Saillard C">C 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24465578</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3896372</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-13-34391</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0085503</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Agriculture</subject><subj-group><subject>Crops</subject><subj-group><subject>Fruits</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Biology</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Bacterial Pathogens</subject><subject>Host-Pathogen Interaction</subject><subject>Plant Microbiology</subject><subject>Vector Biology</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Plant Science</subject><subj-group><subject>Plant Pathology</subject><subj-group><subject>Plant Pathogens</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Zoology</subject><subj-group><subject>Entomology</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The Phloem-Sap Feeding Mealybug (<italic>Ferrisia virgata</italic>) Carries ‘<italic>Candidatus</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus’ Populations That Do Not Cause Disease in Host Plants</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head"><italic>Ferrisia virgata</italic> Harbors <italic>Ca</italic>. L. asiaticus</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pitino</surname><given-names>Marco</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hoffman</surname><given-names>Michele T.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn1"><sup>¤</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhou</surname><given-names>Lijuan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hall</surname><given-names>David G.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Stocks</surname><given-names>Ian C.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Duan</surname><given-names>Yongping</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label><addr-line>United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida, United States of America</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label><addr-line>University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences-Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, Florida, United States of America</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff3"><label>3</label><addr-line>Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services-Drug Policy Institute, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Liu</surname><given-names>Ji-Hong</given-names></name><role>Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), China</addr-line></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail: <email>yongping.duan@ars.usda.gov</email></corresp><fn fn-type="conflict"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p></fn><fn fn-type="con"><p>Conceived and designed the experiments: MP MH YPD. Performed the experiments: MP MH LZ IS. Analyzed the data: MP LZ. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MP DH YPD. Wrote the paper: MP YPD.</p></fn><fn id="fn1" fn-type="current-aff"><label>¤</label><p>Current address: United States Customs and Border Protection, Department of Homeland Security, Lukeville, Arizona, United States of America</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>1</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>e85503</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>20</day><month>8</month><year>2013</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>27</day><month>11</month><year>2013</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><license><license-p>This is an open-access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p><italic>‘Candidatus</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus’ (Las) is the primary causal agent of huanglongbing (HLB), the most devastating disease of citrus worldwide. There are three known insect vectors of the HLB-associated bacteria, and all are members of the Hemiptera: <italic>Diaphorina citri</italic> (Psyllidae), <italic>Trioza erytreae</italic> (Triozidae), and <italic>Cacopsylla</italic> (<italic>Psylla</italic>) <italic>citrisuga</italic> (Psyllidae). In this study, we found that another hemipteran, the striped mealybug <italic>Ferrisia virgata</italic> (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), was able to acquire and retain Las bacteria. The bacterial titers were positively correlated with the feeding acquisition time on Las-infected leaf discs, with a two-weeks feeding period resulting in Ct values ranging from 23.1 to 36.1 (8.24×10<sup>7</sup> to 1.07×10<sup>4</sup> Las cells per mealybug). We further discovered that the prophage/phage populations of Las in the mealybugs were different from those of Las in psyllids based on Las prophage-specific molecular markers: infected psyllids harbored the Las populations with prophage/phage FP1 and FP2, while infected mealybugs carried the Las populations with the iFP3 being the dominant prophage/phage. As in the psyllids, Las bacteria were shown to move through the insect gut wall to the salivary glands after being ingested by the mealybug based on a time-course quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay of the dissected digestive systems. However, Las populations transmitted by the mealybugs did not cause disease in host plants. This is the first evidence of genetic difference among Las populations harbored by different insect vectors and difference among Las populations with respect to whether or not they cause disease in host plants.</p></abstract><funding-group><funding-statement>Funding provided by United States Department of Agriculture and Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services-Specialty Crop Block Grant #18023. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><page-count count="7"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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