Physico-Chemical Condition Optimization during Biosynthesis lead to development of Improved and Catalytically Efficient Gold Nano Particles
Identifieur interne : 000466 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000465; suivant : 000467Physico-Chemical Condition Optimization during Biosynthesis lead to development of Improved and Catalytically Efficient Gold Nano Particles
Auteurs : Madhuree Kumari [Inde] ; Aradhana Mishra [Inde] ; Shipra Pandey [Inde] ; Satyendra Pratap Singh [Inde] ; Vasvi Chaudhry [Inde] ; Mohana Krishna Reddy Mudiam [Inde] ; Shatrunajay Shukla [Inde] ; Poonam Kakkar [Inde] ; Chandra Shekhar Nautiyal [Inde]Source :
- Scientific Reports [ 2045-2322 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
Biosynthesis of nanoparticles has gained great attention in making the process cost-effective and eco-friendly, but there are limited reports which describe the interdependency of physical parameters for tailoring the dimension and geometry of nanoparticles during biological synthesis. In the present study, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) of various shapes and sizes were obtained by modulating different physical parameters using
Url:
DOI: 10.1038/srep27575
PubMed: 27273371
PubMed Central: 4897682
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: Pour aller vers cette notice dans l'étape Curation :000467
Links to Exploration step
PMC:4897682Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Physico-Chemical Condition Optimization during Biosynthesis lead to development of Improved and Catalytically Efficient Gold Nano Particles</title><author><name sortKey="Kumari, Madhuree" sort="Kumari, Madhuree" uniqKey="Kumari M" first="Madhuree" last="Kumari">Madhuree Kumari</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute</institution>, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001,<country>India</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mishra, Aradhana" sort="Mishra, Aradhana" uniqKey="Mishra A" first="Aradhana" last="Mishra">Aradhana Mishra</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute</institution>, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001,<country>India</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pandey, Shipra" sort="Pandey, Shipra" uniqKey="Pandey S" first="Shipra" last="Pandey">Shipra Pandey</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute</institution>, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001,<country>India</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Singh, Satyendra Pratap" sort="Singh, Satyendra Pratap" uniqKey="Singh S" first="Satyendra Pratap" last="Singh">Satyendra Pratap Singh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute</institution>, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001,<country>India</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chaudhry, Vasvi" sort="Chaudhry, Vasvi" uniqKey="Chaudhry V" first="Vasvi" last="Chaudhry">Vasvi Chaudhry</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute</institution>, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001,<country>India</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mudiam, Mohana Krishna Reddy" sort="Mudiam, Mohana Krishna Reddy" uniqKey="Mudiam M" first="Mohana Krishna Reddy" last="Mudiam">Mohana Krishna Reddy Mudiam</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research</institution>, Vishvigyan Bhawan 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001,<country>India</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shukla, Shatrunajay" sort="Shukla, Shatrunajay" uniqKey="Shukla S" first="Shatrunajay" last="Shukla">Shatrunajay Shukla</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research</institution>, Vishvigyan Bhawan 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001,<country>India</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kakkar, Poonam" sort="Kakkar, Poonam" uniqKey="Kakkar P" first="Poonam" last="Kakkar">Poonam Kakkar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research</institution>, Vishvigyan Bhawan 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001,<country>India</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nautiyal, Chandra Shekhar" sort="Nautiyal, Chandra Shekhar" uniqKey="Nautiyal C" first="Chandra Shekhar" last="Nautiyal">Chandra Shekhar Nautiyal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute</institution>, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001,<country>India</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">27273371</idno><idno type="pmc">4897682</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4897682</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4897682</idno><idno type="doi">10.1038/srep27575</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000467</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000466</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Physico-Chemical Condition Optimization during Biosynthesis lead to development of Improved and Catalytically Efficient Gold Nano Particles</title><author><name sortKey="Kumari, Madhuree" sort="Kumari, Madhuree" uniqKey="Kumari M" first="Madhuree" last="Kumari">Madhuree Kumari</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute</institution>, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001,<country>India</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mishra, Aradhana" sort="Mishra, Aradhana" uniqKey="Mishra A" first="Aradhana" last="Mishra">Aradhana Mishra</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute</institution>, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001,<country>India</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pandey, Shipra" sort="Pandey, Shipra" uniqKey="Pandey S" first="Shipra" last="Pandey">Shipra Pandey</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute</institution>, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001,<country>India</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Singh, Satyendra Pratap" sort="Singh, Satyendra Pratap" uniqKey="Singh S" first="Satyendra Pratap" last="Singh">Satyendra Pratap Singh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute</institution>, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001,<country>India</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chaudhry, Vasvi" sort="Chaudhry, Vasvi" uniqKey="Chaudhry V" first="Vasvi" last="Chaudhry">Vasvi Chaudhry</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute</institution>, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001,<country>India</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mudiam, Mohana Krishna Reddy" sort="Mudiam, Mohana Krishna Reddy" uniqKey="Mudiam M" first="Mohana Krishna Reddy" last="Mudiam">Mohana Krishna Reddy Mudiam</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research</institution>, Vishvigyan Bhawan 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001,<country>India</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shukla, Shatrunajay" sort="Shukla, Shatrunajay" uniqKey="Shukla S" first="Shatrunajay" last="Shukla">Shatrunajay Shukla</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research</institution>, Vishvigyan Bhawan 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001,<country>India</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kakkar, Poonam" sort="Kakkar, Poonam" uniqKey="Kakkar P" first="Poonam" last="Kakkar">Poonam Kakkar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research</institution>, Vishvigyan Bhawan 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001,<country>India</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nautiyal, Chandra Shekhar" sort="Nautiyal, Chandra Shekhar" uniqKey="Nautiyal C" first="Chandra Shekhar" last="Nautiyal">Chandra Shekhar Nautiyal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute</institution>, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001,<country>India</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Scientific Reports</title><idno type="eISSN">2045-2322</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Biosynthesis of nanoparticles has gained great attention in making the process cost-effective and eco-friendly, but there are limited reports which describe the interdependency of physical parameters for tailoring the dimension and geometry of nanoparticles during biological synthesis. In the present study, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) of various shapes and sizes were obtained by modulating different physical parameters using <italic>Trichoderma viride</italic> filtrate. The particles were characterized on the basis of visual observation, dynamic light scattering, UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X ray diffraction. While the size varied from 2–500 nm, the shapes obtained were nanospheres, nanotriangles, nanopentagons, nanohexagons, and nanosheets. Changing the parameters such as pH, temperature, time, substrate, and culture filtrate concentration influenced the size and geometry of nanoparticles. Catalytic activity of the biosynthesized GNP was evaluated by UV-visible spectroscopy and confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis for the conversion of 4-nitrophenol into 4-aminophenol which was strongly influenced by their structure and dimension. Common practices for biodegradation are traditional, expensive, require large amount of raw material, and time taking. Controlling shapes and sizes of nanoparticles could revolutionize the process of biodegradation that can remove all the hurdles in current scenario.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cui, Q" uniqKey="Cui Q">Q. Cui</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Regiel Futyra, A" uniqKey="Regiel Futyra A">A. Regiel-Futyra</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="De Oliveira, R E P" uniqKey="De Oliveira R">R. E. P. De Oliveira</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Quester, K" uniqKey="Quester K">K. Quester</name></author><author><name sortKey="Avalos Borja, M" uniqKey="Avalos Borja M">M. Avalos-Borja</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vilchis Nestor, A R" uniqKey="Vilchis Nestor A">A. R. Vilchis-Nestor</name></author><author><name sortKey="Camacho L Pez, M A" uniqKey="Camacho L Pez M">M. A. Camacho-López</name></author><author><name sortKey="Castro Longoria, E" uniqKey="Castro Longoria E">E. Castro-Longoria</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pineda, E G" uniqKey="Pineda E">E. G. Pineda</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alcaide, F" uniqKey="Alcaide F">F. Alcaide</name></author><author><name sortKey="Presa, M J R" uniqKey="Presa M">M. J. R. Presa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bolzan, A E" uniqKey="Bolzan A">A. E. Bolzán</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gervasi, C A" uniqKey="Gervasi C">C. A. Gervasi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Adams, S J" uniqKey="Adams S">S. J. Adams</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lewis, D J" uniqKey="Lewis D">D. J. Lewis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Preece, J A" uniqKey="Preece J">J. A. Preece</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pikramenou, Z" uniqKey="Pikramenou Z">Z. Pikramenou</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Campos, E V R" uniqKey="Campos E">E. V. R. Campos</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tao, A R" uniqKey="Tao A">A. R. Tao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Habas, S" uniqKey="Habas S">S. Habas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, P" uniqKey="Yang P">P. Yang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kim, J" uniqKey="Kim J">J. Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Twaddle, K M" uniqKey="Twaddle K">K. M. Twaddle</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, J" uniqKey="Hu J">J. Hu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Byun, H" uniqKey="Byun H">H. Byun</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lohse, S E" uniqKey="Lohse S">S. E. Lohse</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eller, J R" uniqKey="Eller J">J. R. Eller</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sivapalan, S T" uniqKey="Sivapalan S">S. T. Sivapalan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Plews, M R" uniqKey="Plews M">M. R. Plews</name></author><author><name sortKey="Murphy, C J" uniqKey="Murphy C">C. J. Murphy</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mahmoud, M A" uniqKey="Mahmoud M">M. A. Mahmoud</name></author><author><name sortKey="O Eil, D" uniqKey="O Eil D">D. O’Neil</name></author><author><name sortKey="El Sayed, M A" uniqKey="El Sayed M">M. A. El-Sayed</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chander, N" uniqKey="Chander N">N. Chander</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mackey, M A" uniqKey="Mackey M">M. A. Mackey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ali, M R K" uniqKey="Ali M">M. R. K. Ali</name></author><author><name sortKey="Austin, L A" uniqKey="Austin L">L. A. Austin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Near, R D" uniqKey="Near R">R. D. Near</name></author><author><name sortKey="El Sayed, M A" uniqKey="El Sayed M">M. A. El-Sayed</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Grzelczak, M" uniqKey="Grzelczak M">M. Grzelczak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Perez Juste, J" uniqKey="Perez Juste J">J. Perez-Juste</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mulvaney, P" uniqKey="Mulvaney P">P. Mulvaney</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liz Marzan, L M" uniqKey="Liz Marzan L">L. M. Liz-Marzan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Das, S K" uniqKey="Das S">S. K. Das</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dickinson, C" uniqKey="Dickinson C">C. Dickinson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lafir, F" uniqKey="Lafir F">F. Lafir</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brougham, D F" uniqKey="Brougham D">D. F. Brougham</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marsili, E" uniqKey="Marsili E">E. Marsili</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mishra, A" uniqKey="Mishra A">A. Mishra</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Salvadori1, M R" uniqKey="Salvadori1 M">M. R. Salvadori1</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nascimento, C A O" uniqKey="Nascimento C">C. A. O. Nascimento</name></author><author><name sortKey="Corre A, B" uniqKey="Corre A B">B. Correˆa</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sneha, K" uniqKey="Sneha K">K. Sneha</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sathishkumar, M" uniqKey="Sathishkumar M">M. Sathishkumar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, S" uniqKey="Kim S">S. Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yun, Y" uniqKey="Yun Y">Y. Yun</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Starnes, D" uniqKey="Starnes D">D. Starnes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jain, A" uniqKey="Jain A">A. Jain</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sahi, S" uniqKey="Sahi S">S. Sahi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Das, S K" uniqKey="Das S">S. K. Das</name></author><author><name sortKey="Das, A R" uniqKey="Das A">A. R. Das</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guha, A K" uniqKey="Guha A">A. K. Guha</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mukherjee, P" uniqKey="Mukherjee P">P. Mukherjee</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Noujima, A" uniqKey="Noujima A">A. Noujima</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mitsudome, T" uniqKey="Mitsudome T">T. Mitsudome</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mizugaki, T" uniqKey="Mizugaki T">T. Mizugaki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jitsukawa, K" uniqKey="Jitsukawa K">K. Jitsukawa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kaneda, K" uniqKey="Kaneda K">K. Kaneda</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lin, C" uniqKey="Lin C">C. Lin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tao, K" uniqKey="Tao K">K. Tao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hua, D" uniqKey="Hua D">D. Hua</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ma, Z" uniqKey="Ma Z">Z. Ma</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhou, S" uniqKey="Zhou S">S. Zhou</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mitsudome, T" uniqKey="Mitsudome T">T. Mitsudome</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kaneda, K" uniqKey="Kaneda K">K. Kaneda</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mukherjee, P K" uniqKey="Mukherjee P">P. K. Mukherjee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Horwitz, B A" uniqKey="Horwitz B">B. A. Horwitz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kenerley, C M" uniqKey="Kenerley C">C. M. Kenerley</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Song, J Y" uniqKey="Song J">J. Y. Song</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jang, H K" uniqKey="Jang H">H. K. Jang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, B S" uniqKey="Kim B">B. S. Kim</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Langille, M R" uniqKey="Langille M">M. R. Langille</name></author><author><name sortKey="Personick, M L" uniqKey="Personick M">M. L. Personick</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, J" uniqKey="Zhang J">J. Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mirkin, C A" uniqKey="Mirkin C">C. A. Mirkin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Armendariz, V" uniqKey="Armendariz V">V. Armendariz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Personick, M L" uniqKey="Personick M">M. L. Personick</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mirkin, C A" uniqKey="Mirkin C">C. A. Mirkin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jimenez Ruiz, A" uniqKey="Jimenez Ruiz A">A. Jimenez-Ruiz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sathishkumar, M" uniqKey="Sathishkumar M">M. Sathishkumar</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Iravani, S" uniqKey="Iravani S">S. Iravani</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jain, N" uniqKey="Jain N">N. Jain</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhargava, A" uniqKey="Bhargava A">A. Bhargava</name></author><author><name sortKey="Panwar, J" uniqKey="Panwar J">J. Panwar</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Huang, C" uniqKey="Huang C">C. Huang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ye, W" uniqKey="Ye W">W. Ye</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Q" uniqKey="Liu Q">Q. Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Qiu, X" uniqKey="Qiu X">X. Qiu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, Y" uniqKey="Li Y">Y. Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shen, W" uniqKey="Shen W">W. Shen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, Y" uniqKey="Li Y">Y. Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Q" uniqKey="Liu Q">Q. Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shen, W" uniqKey="Shen W">W. Shen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Narayanan, R" uniqKey="Narayanan R">R. Narayanan</name></author><author><name sortKey="El Sayed, M A" uniqKey="El Sayed M">M. A. El-Sayed</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Huang, X" uniqKey="Huang X">X. Huang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guo, C" uniqKey="Guo C">C. Guo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zuo, J" uniqKey="Zuo J">J. Zuo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zheng, N" uniqKey="Zheng N">N. Zheng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stucky, G D" uniqKey="Stucky G">G. D. Stucky</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gross, E" uniqKey="Gross E">E. Gross</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, J H" uniqKey="Liu J">J. H. Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Toste, F D" uniqKey="Toste F">F. D. Toste</name></author><author><name sortKey="Somorjai, G A" uniqKey="Somorjai G">G. A. Somorjai</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ahmad, A" uniqKey="Ahmad A">A. Ahmad</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sujitha, M V" uniqKey="Sujitha M">M. V. Sujitha</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kannan, S" uniqKey="Kannan S">S. Kannan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gangula, A" uniqKey="Gangula A">A. Gangula</name></author><author><name sortKey="Podila, R M R" uniqKey="Podila R">R. M. R. Podila</name></author><author><name sortKey="Karanam, L" uniqKey="Karanam L">L. Karanam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Janardhana, C" uniqKey="Janardhana C">C. Janardhana</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rao, A M" uniqKey="Rao A">A. M. Rao</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tuo, Y" uniqKey="Tuo Y">Y. Tuo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sun, T" uniqKey="Sun T">T. Sun</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Sci Rep</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Sci Rep</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Scientific Reports</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2045-2322</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Nature Publishing Group</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">27273371</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4897682</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pii">srep27575</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1038/srep27575</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Physico-Chemical Condition Optimization during Biosynthesis lead to development of Improved and Catalytically Efficient Gold Nano Particles</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kumari</surname><given-names>Madhuree</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mishra</surname><given-names>Aradhana</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pandey</surname><given-names>Shipra</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Singh</surname><given-names>Satyendra Pratap</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chaudhry</surname><given-names>Vasvi</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mudiam</surname><given-names>Mohana Krishna Reddy</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Shukla</surname><given-names>Shatrunajay</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kakkar</surname><given-names>Poonam</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Nautiyal</surname><given-names>Chandra Shekhar</given-names></name><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1">a</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref></contrib><aff id="a1"><label>1</label><institution>CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute</institution>, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001,<country>India</country></aff><aff id="a2"><label>2</label><institution>CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research</institution>, Vishvigyan Bhawan 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001,<country>India</country></aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="c1"><label>a</label><email>nautiyalnbri@lycos.com</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>06</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><elocation-id>27575</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>04</day><month>02</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>16</day><month>05</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2016, Macmillan Publishers Limited</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Macmillan Publishers Limited</copyright-holder><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><pmc-comment>author-paid</pmc-comment>
<license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>Biosynthesis of nanoparticles has gained great attention in making the process cost-effective and eco-friendly, but there are limited reports which describe the interdependency of physical parameters for tailoring the dimension and geometry of nanoparticles during biological synthesis. In the present study, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) of various shapes and sizes were obtained by modulating different physical parameters using <italic>Trichoderma viride</italic> filtrate. The particles were characterized on the basis of visual observation, dynamic light scattering, UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X ray diffraction. While the size varied from 2–500 nm, the shapes obtained were nanospheres, nanotriangles, nanopentagons, nanohexagons, and nanosheets. Changing the parameters such as pH, temperature, time, substrate, and culture filtrate concentration influenced the size and geometry of nanoparticles. Catalytic activity of the biosynthesized GNP was evaluated by UV-visible spectroscopy and confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis for the conversion of 4-nitrophenol into 4-aminophenol which was strongly influenced by their structure and dimension. Common practices for biodegradation are traditional, expensive, require large amount of raw material, and time taking. Controlling shapes and sizes of nanoparticles could revolutionize the process of biodegradation that can remove all the hurdles in current scenario.</p></abstract></article-meta></front><floats-group><fig id="f1"><label>Figure 1</label><caption><p>(<bold>A</bold>) UV-vis spectrum of biosynthesized gold nanoparticles at time intervals of (a) 0 min (b) 1 min (c) 2 min (d) 5 min (e) 10 min (f) 24 h (g) 48 h (h) 72 h (<bold>B</bold>) XRD pattern of biosynthesized gold nanoparticles (<bold>C</bold>) FTIR spectra of cell free extract alone and (<bold>D</bold>) gold nanoparticles biosynthesized by cell free extract of <italic>Trichoderma viride</italic>.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep27575-f1"></graphic></fig><fig id="f2"><label>Figure 2</label><caption><p>TEM micrographs of (<bold>a</bold>) G100.250.7.72.30 and G10.250.7.72.30 showing effect of different concentrations of cell free extracts (100 and 10%) (<bold>b</bold>) G10.250.7.72.40 and G10.500.7.72.40 showing effect of different concentrations of HAuCl<sub>4</sub> (250 and 500 mg/L) on shapes and sizes of gold nanoparticles.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep27575-f2"></graphic></fig><fig id="f3"><label>Figure 3</label><caption><p>TEM micrographs of (<bold>a</bold>) G10.250.5.72.30 (<bold>b</bold>) G10.250.5.5.72.30 (<bold>c</bold>) G10.250.6.72.30 (<bold>d</bold>) G10.250.6.5.72.30 (<bold>e</bold>) G10.250.7.72.30 (<bold>f</bold>) G10.250.7.5.72.30 (<bold>g</bold>) G10.250.8.72.30 (<bold>h</bold>) G10.250.8.5.72.30 (<bold>i</bold>) G10.250.9.72.30 (<bold>j</bold>) G10.250.9.5.72.30 (<bold>k</bold>) G10.250.10.72.30 showing effect of different pH on shapes and sizes of gold nanoparticles (See <xref ref-type="table" rid="t1">Table 1</xref> for detail).</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep27575-f3"></graphic></fig><fig id="f4"><label>Figure 4</label><caption><p>TEM micrographs of (<bold>a</bold>) G10.250.5.24.30 (<bold>b</bold>) G10.250.5.48.30 (<bold>c</bold>) G10.250.5.72.30 (<bold>d</bold>) G10.250.7.24.30 (<bold>e</bold>) G10.250.7.48.30 (<bold>f</bold>) G10.250.7.72.30 (<bold>g</bold>) G10.250.9.24.30 (<bold>h</bold>) G10.250.9.48.30 (<bold>i</bold>) G10.250.9.72.30 showing effect of different time intervals at pH on shapes and sizes of gold nanoparticles (See <xref ref-type="table" rid="t1">Table 1</xref> for detail).</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep27575-f4"></graphic></fig><fig id="f5"><label>Figure 5</label><caption><p>TEM micrographs of (<bold>a</bold>) G10.250.7.72.20 (<bold>b</bold>) G10.250.7.72.30 (<bold>c</bold>) G10.250.7.72.40 (<bold>d</bold>) G10.250.7.72.50 (<bold>e</bold>) G10.500.7.72.20 (<bold>f</bold>) G10.500.7.72.30 (<bold>g</bold>) G10.500.7.72.40 (<bold>h</bold>) G10.500.7.72.50 showing effect of different reaction temperatures at pH 7.0, at different concentrations of HAuCl<sub>4</sub> on shape and size of gold nanoparticles (See <xref ref-type="table" rid="t1">Table 1</xref> for detail).</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep27575-f5"></graphic></fig><fig id="f6"><label>Figure 6</label><caption><p>TEM micrographs of biosynthesized gold nanoparticles of different morphologies (<bold>a</bold>) G10.250.9.24.30 (spherical,3–10 nm) (<bold>b</bold>) G10.250.5.24.30 (spherical,7–24 nm) (<bold>c</bold>) G10.250.7.72.40, (triangles and prisms,80–200) (d) G10.500.9.72.40, (penta and hexagonal,80–85 nm) (<bold>e</bold>) G10.250.7.72.20, (sheets,5–120 nm).</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep27575-f6"></graphic></fig><fig id="f7"><label>Figure 7</label><caption><title>Schematic diagram representing mechanism of formation of gold nanoparticles of different shapes and sizes under different reaction conditions.</title></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep27575-f7"></graphic></fig><fig id="f8"><label>Figure 8</label><caption><p><bold>(A)</bold>Time dependent UV-vis absorption spectra for the reduction of 4-NP by NaBH<sub>4</sub> to 4-AP for a time period of 5 min in the presence of biosynthesized gold nanoparticles of different shapes and sizes (a) G10.250.9.24.30 (b) G10.250.5.24.30 (c) G10.250.7.72.40 (d) G10.500.9.72.40 (e) G10.250.7.72.20; (<bold>B).</bold> Plots of ln(C<sub>t</sub>/C<sub>0</sub>) vs Time for the reduction of 4-NP by NaBH<sub>4</sub> to 4- AP in the presence of biosynthesized gold nanoparticles of different shapes and sizes (a) G10.250.9.24.30 (b) G10.250.5.24.30 (c) G10.250.7.72.40 (d) G10.500.9.72.40 (e) G10.250.7.72.20 (f) control without addition of gold nanoparticles.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep27575-f8"></graphic></fig><fig id="f9"><label>Figure 9</label><caption><p>Catalytic activity of different spherical sizes of GNPs in presence of reducing agent NaBH<sub>4</sub> (<bold>a</bold>) Control at 0 min showing peak of 4-NP {Retention time 7.11 and the area 15097226} and peak of 4-AP {RT- 7.34, area- 70729197} (<bold>b</bold>) Control at 10 min showing the presence of peak of 4-NP {RT- 7.13, area- 3386639}and 4-AP {RT- 7.35, area- 2945301} (<bold>c</bold>) G1(3–10 nm) showing final conversion of 4-NP into 4-AP at 10 min {RT- 7.36, area-69093077} (<bold>d</bold>) G2 (7–24 nm) showing only 4-AP {RT- 7.36, area-34718648} at 10 min.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep27575-f9"></graphic></fig><fig id="f10"><label>Figure 10</label><caption><title>Overall graphical abstract illustrating diverse shapes biosynthesized GNP and its ability to degrade 4-nitropdhenol into 4-aminophenol.</title></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep27575-f10"></graphic></fig><table-wrap position="float" id="t1"><label>Table 1</label><caption><title>Effect of different physico-chemical parameters on biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles.</title></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="char" char="±"></col><col align="center"></col></colgroup><thead valign="bottom"><tr><th rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Sample code</th><th colspan="7" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Physico-Chemical Condition Optimization</th></tr><tr><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Cell free extract concentration (%)</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Conc. of gold salt (mg/L)</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">pH</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Time(h)</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Temp( °C)</th><th align="center" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">TEM size(nm)</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Shape</th></tr></thead><tbody valign="top"><tr><td colspan="8" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Effect of cell free extract concentration (%)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.7.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">34 ± 20</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mixed</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G50.250.7.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">50</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">104 ± 55</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mixed</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G100.250.7.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">100</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">197.58 ± 68</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mixed</td></tr><tr><td colspan="8" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Effect of concentration of gold salt (mg/L) and Temp(°C)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.7.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">34 ± 20</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mixed</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.500.7.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">500</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">84.77 ± 2.38</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Hexagons</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.7.72.40</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">40</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">164.90 ± 96.38</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Triangles</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.500.7.72.40</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">500</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">40</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">337.41 ± 163.09</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Triangles</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.7.72.50</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">50</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">277.0595 ± 163.18</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Triangles</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.500.7.72.50</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">500</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">50</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">671.8925 ± 246.95</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Triangles</td></tr><tr><td colspan="8" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Effect of pH, gold salt concentration and Temp( °C)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.5.72.20</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">20</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">92.7 ± 47.83</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mixed</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.5.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">61.08 ± 60.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mixed</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.5.72.40</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">40</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">43 ± 12.37</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Pentagons and triangles</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.5.72.50</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">50</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">255.65 ± 78.56</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Triangles</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.500.5.72.20</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">500</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">20</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">42.5 ± 40.5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mixed</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.500.5.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">500</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">25.5636 ± 7.48</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Pseudospheres</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.500.5.72.40</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">500</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">40</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">91.65 ± 62.51</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Pentagons and triangles</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.500.5.72.50</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">500</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">50</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">475.5 ± 242.40</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Triangles</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.7.72.20</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">20</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">10.25 ± 2.1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Sheets</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.7.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">34 ± 20</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mixed</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.7.72.40</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">40</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">69.65 ± 58.72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Triangles</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.7.72.50</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">50</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">215 ± 89.55</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Triangles</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.500.7.72.20</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">500</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">20</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">36 ± 5.09</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Pseudospheres</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.500.7.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">500</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">84.77 ± 2.38</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Hexagons</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.500.7.72.40</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">500</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">40</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">337.41 ± 163.09</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Triangles</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.500.7.72.50</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">500</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">50</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">671.8925 ± 246.95</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Triangles</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.9.72.20</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">20</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">32.5 ± 12.68</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mixed</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.9.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">6.425 ± 2.1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Spheres</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.9.72.40</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">40</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">88.5 ± 17.56</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mixed</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.9.72.50</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">50</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">356.5 ± 123.59</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Triangles</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.500.9.72.20</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">500</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">20</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">15 ± 6.88</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mixed</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.500.9.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">500</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">19 ± 4.08</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Spheres</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.500.9.72.40</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">500</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">40</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">84.15 ± 14.70</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Penta and hexagons</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.500.9.72.50</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">500</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">50</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">529.15 ± 262.46</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Triangles</td></tr><tr><td colspan="8" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Effect of pH</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.5.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">61.08 ± 60.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mixed</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.5.5.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5.5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">45.68 ± 23.46</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">star/hexagonal</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.6.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">6</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">47 ± 28.64</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Triangles</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.6.5.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">6.5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">84.2 ± 61.20</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Triangles</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.7.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">34 ± 20</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mixed</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.7.5.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">46.65 ± 34.84</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Triangles</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.8.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">41.5855 ± 12.27</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Triangles</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.8.5.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">59.4374 ± 11.67</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">penta/hexagons</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.9.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">6.425 ± 2.1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Spheres</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.9.5.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9.5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">4 ± 1.74</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Irregular</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.10.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">4.6 ± 0.98</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Irregular</td></tr><tr><td colspan="8" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Effect of pH and Time(h)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.5.24.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">24</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">11.753 ± 4.26</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Pseudospheres</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.5.48.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">48</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">40.53 ± 39.03</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mixed</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.5.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">61.08 ± 60.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mixed</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.7.24.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">24</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">57.345 ± 24.93</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mixed</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.7.48.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">48</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">27 ± 25.01</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mixed</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.7.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">34 ± 20</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mixed</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.9.24.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">24</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">5 ± 0.79</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Spheres</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.9.48.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">48</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">5 ± 1.24</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Spheres</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> G10.250.9.72.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">250</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30</td><td align="char" valign="top" char="±" charoff="50">6.425 ± 2.1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Spheres</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="t1-fn1"><p>Sample code denotes the physico chemical parameters for synthesis of gold nanoparticles. For example in sample code G10.250.7.72.30, G denotes gold nanoparticles, 10 denotes percent of cell free extract, 250 denotes concentration of gold salt in mg/L, 7 denotes pH, 72 denotes reaction time in hour, and 30 denotes temperature in °C.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Bois/explor/OrangerV1/Data/Pmc/Curation
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000466 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Curation/biblio.hfd -nk 000466 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Bois
|area= OrangerV1
|flux= Pmc
|étape= Curation
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:4897682
|texte= Physico-Chemical Condition Optimization during Biosynthesis lead to development of Improved and Catalytically Efficient Gold Nano Particles
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Curation/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:27273371" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Curation/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a OrangerV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.25. |  |