Proteome quantification of cotton xylem sap suggests the mechanisms of potassium-deficiency-induced changes in plant resistance to environmental stresses
Identifieur interne : 000455 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000454; suivant : 000456Proteome quantification of cotton xylem sap suggests the mechanisms of potassium-deficiency-induced changes in plant resistance to environmental stresses
Auteurs : Zhiyong Zhang [République populaire de Chine] ; Maoni Chao [République populaire de Chine] ; Sufang Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Jingjing Bu [République populaire de Chine] ; Juxiang Tang [République populaire de Chine] ; Fei Li [République populaire de Chine] ; Qinglian Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Baohong Zhang [République populaire de Chine, États-Unis]Source :
- Scientific Reports [ 2045-2322 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
Proteomics was employed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of apoplastic response to potassium(K)-deficiency in cotton. Low K (LK) treatment significantly decreased the K and protein contents of xylem sap. Totally, 258 peptides were qualitatively identified in the xylem sap of cotton seedlings, of which, 90.31% were secreted proteins. Compared to the normal K (NK), LK significantly decreased the expression of most environmental-stress-related proteins and resulted in a lack of protein isoforms in the characterized proteins. For example, the contents of 21 Class Ш peroxidase isoforms under the LK were 6 to 44% of those under the NK and 11 its isoforms were lacking under the LK treatment; the contents of 3 chitinase isoforms under LK were 11–27% of those under the NK and 2 its isoforms were absent under LK. In addition, stress signaling and recognizing proteins were significantly down-regulated or disappeared under the LK. In contrast, the LK resulted in at least 2-fold increases of only one peroxidase, one protease inhibitor, one non-specific lipid-transfer protein and histone H4 and in the appearance of H2A. Therefore, K deficiency decreased plant tolerance to environmental stresses, probably due to the significant and pronounced decrease or disappearance of a myriad of stress-related proteins.
Url:
DOI: 10.1038/srep21060
PubMed: 26879005
PubMed Central: 4754703
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Modern Biological Breeding, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology</institution>, Xinxiang, 453003,<country>China</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Sufang" sort="Wang, Sufang" uniqKey="Wang S" first="Sufang" last="Wang">Sufang Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology</institution>, Xinxiang, 453003,<country>China</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bu, Jingjing" sort="Bu, Jingjing" uniqKey="Bu J" first="Jingjing" last="Bu">Jingjing Bu</name><affiliation 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sort="Li, Fei" uniqKey="Li F" first="Fei" last="Li">Fei Li</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology</institution>, Xinxiang, 453003,<country>China</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Qinglian" sort="Wang, Qinglian" uniqKey="Wang Q" first="Qinglian" last="Wang">Qinglian Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology</institution>, Xinxiang, 453003,<country>China</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Baohong" sort="Zhang, Baohong" uniqKey="Zhang B" first="Baohong" last="Zhang">Baohong Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology</institution>, Xinxiang, 453003,<country>China</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>Department of Biology, East Carolina University</institution>, Greenville, NC27858,<country>US</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">26879005</idno><idno type="pmc">4754703</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4754703</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4754703</idno><idno type="doi">10.1038/srep21060</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000456</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000455</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Proteome quantification of cotton xylem sap suggests the mechanisms of potassium-deficiency-induced changes in plant resistance to environmental stresses</title><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Zhiyong" sort="Zhang, Zhiyong" uniqKey="Zhang Z" first="Zhiyong" last="Zhang">Zhiyong Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology</institution>, Xinxiang, 453003,<country>China</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chao, Maoni" sort="Chao, Maoni" uniqKey="Chao M" first="Maoni" last="Chao">Maoni Chao</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology</institution>, Xinxiang, 453003,<country>China</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Sufang" sort="Wang, Sufang" uniqKey="Wang S" first="Sufang" last="Wang">Sufang Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology</institution>, Xinxiang, 453003,<country>China</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bu, Jingjing" sort="Bu, Jingjing" uniqKey="Bu J" first="Jingjing" last="Bu">Jingjing Bu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology</institution>, Xinxiang, 453003,<country>China</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tang, Juxiang" sort="Tang, Juxiang" uniqKey="Tang J" first="Juxiang" last="Tang">Juxiang Tang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology</institution>, Xinxiang, 453003,<country>China</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Fei" sort="Li, Fei" uniqKey="Li F" first="Fei" last="Li">Fei Li</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology</institution>, Xinxiang, 453003,<country>China</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Qinglian" sort="Wang, Qinglian" uniqKey="Wang Q" first="Qinglian" last="Wang">Qinglian Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology</institution>, Xinxiang, 453003,<country>China</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Baohong" sort="Zhang, Baohong" uniqKey="Zhang B" first="Baohong" last="Zhang">Baohong Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology</institution>, Xinxiang, 453003,<country>China</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>Department of Biology, East Carolina University</institution>, Greenville, NC27858,<country>US</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Scientific Reports</title><idno type="eISSN">2045-2322</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Proteomics was employed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of apoplastic response to potassium(K)-deficiency in cotton. Low K (LK) treatment significantly decreased the K and protein contents of xylem sap. Totally, 258 peptides were qualitatively identified in the xylem sap of cotton seedlings, of which, 90.31% were secreted proteins. Compared to the normal K (NK), LK significantly decreased the expression of most environmental-stress-related proteins and resulted in a lack of protein isoforms in the characterized proteins. For example, the contents of 21 Class Ш peroxidase isoforms under the LK were 6 to 44% of those under the NK and 11 its isoforms were lacking under the LK treatment; the contents of 3 chitinase isoforms under LK were 11–27% of those under the NK and 2 its isoforms were absent under LK. In addition, stress signaling and recognizing proteins were significantly down-regulated or disappeared under the LK. In contrast, the LK resulted in at least 2-fold increases of only one peroxidase, one protease inhibitor, one non-specific lipid-transfer protein and histone H<sub>4</sub> and in the appearance of H<sub>2</sub>A. Therefore, K deficiency decreased plant tolerance to environmental stresses, probably due to the significant and pronounced decrease or disappearance of a myriad of stress-related proteins.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hafsi, C" uniqKey="Hafsi C">C. Hafsi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Debez, A" uniqKey="Debez A">A. Debez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abdelly, C" uniqKey="Abdelly C">C. Abdelly</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kumar, N" uniqKey="Kumar N">N. Kumar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kavino, M" uniqKey="Kavino M">M. Kavino</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kumar, A R" uniqKey="Kumar A">A. R. 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Sci Rep</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Sci Rep</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Scientific Reports</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2045-2322</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Nature Publishing Group</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26879005</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4754703</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pii">srep21060</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1038/srep21060</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Proteome quantification of cotton xylem sap suggests the mechanisms of potassium-deficiency-induced changes in plant resistance to environmental stresses</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhang</surname><given-names>Zhiyong</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chao</surname><given-names>Maoni</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>Sufang</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bu</surname><given-names>Jingjing</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tang</surname><given-names>Juxiang</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Li</surname><given-names>Fei</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>Qinglian</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhang</surname><given-names>Baohong</given-names></name><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1">a</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a2">2</xref></contrib><aff id="a1"><label>1</label><institution>Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology</institution>, Xinxiang, 453003,<country>China</country></aff><aff id="a2"><label>2</label><institution>Department of Biology, East Carolina University</institution>, Greenville, NC27858,<country>US</country></aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="c1"><label>a</label><email>wangql985@126.com</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>02</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><elocation-id>21060</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>10</day><month>08</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>11</day><month>01</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2016, Macmillan Publishers Limited</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Macmillan Publishers Limited</copyright-holder><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><pmc-comment>author-paid</pmc-comment>
<license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>Proteomics was employed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of apoplastic response to potassium(K)-deficiency in cotton. Low K (LK) treatment significantly decreased the K and protein contents of xylem sap. Totally, 258 peptides were qualitatively identified in the xylem sap of cotton seedlings, of which, 90.31% were secreted proteins. Compared to the normal K (NK), LK significantly decreased the expression of most environmental-stress-related proteins and resulted in a lack of protein isoforms in the characterized proteins. For example, the contents of 21 Class Ш peroxidase isoforms under the LK were 6 to 44% of those under the NK and 11 its isoforms were lacking under the LK treatment; the contents of 3 chitinase isoforms under LK were 11–27% of those under the NK and 2 its isoforms were absent under LK. In addition, stress signaling and recognizing proteins were significantly down-regulated or disappeared under the LK. In contrast, the LK resulted in at least 2-fold increases of only one peroxidase, one protease inhibitor, one non-specific lipid-transfer protein and histone H<sub>4</sub> and in the appearance of H<sub>2</sub>A. Therefore, K deficiency decreased plant tolerance to environmental stresses, probably due to the significant and pronounced decrease or disappearance of a myriad of stress-related proteins.</p></abstract></article-meta></front><floats-group><fig id="f1"><label>Figure 1</label><caption><title>Photograph of comparative growth performances and morphological data of cotton seedlings after different days of LK treatments along with control.</title><p>Emerging cotton seedlings in wet sand were transferred into a normal solution, grown for 3 d, and separated into a K-deficient solution and a new normal solution and grown for 7 d. Left (<bold>A</bold>): photograph of comparative growth performances of cotton seedlings after 1, 3, 5, 7 d of LK treatments along with control; Right: morphological data of cotton seedlings after 1, 3, 5, 7 d of LK treatments along with control (<bold>B</bold>): Leaf area; (<bold>C</bold>): Plant height; (<bold>D</bold>): Root length; (<bold>E</bold>): Root surface area.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep21060-f1"></graphic></fig><fig id="f2"><label>Figure 2</label><caption><title>Xylem sap proteins that were qualified but did not meet the comparative quantification requirements between the normal K and low K treatments.</title><p>Emerging cotton seedlings in wet sand were transferred into a normal solution, grown for 3 d, and separated into a K-deficient solution and a new normal solution and grown for 7 d. These cotton seedlings were used for xylem sap sampling, and the identified proteins not meeting the comparative quantification requirements were statistically classified.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep21060-f2"></graphic></fig><fig id="f3"><label>Figure 3</label><caption><p>Evolutionary relationships of peroxidases (EC1.1.11.7) in the xylem sap. Emerging cotton seedlings in wet sand were transferred into a normal solution, grown for 3 d, and separated into a K-deficient solution and a new normal solution and grown for 7 d. These cotton seedlings were used for xylem sap sampling, and all peroxidase isoforms were involved in the evolutionary analysis.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep21060-f3"></graphic></fig><fig id="f4"><label>Figure 4</label><caption><title>Coordination of protein expression and each corresponding gene expression in K-deficient cotton root and the control.</title></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep21060-f4"></graphic></fig><fig id="f5"><label>Figure 5</label><caption><title>Schematic diagram of comprehensive proteomic-based working model showing how the cellular pathways are being affected under low K (The thicker inhibitory symbol and red arrow denote the stronger function, vice versa.</title><p>The curved arrow denote that the stress circumvent the defense proteins. The smaller ball (protein symbol) means more proteins. The defense proteins herein include PR-proteins, defense-related cell wall proteins and other defense-related proteins.).</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep21060-f5"></graphic></fig><table-wrap position="float" id="t1"><label>Table 1</label><caption><title>Effects of potassium deficiency on the mineral nutrient contents.</title></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col></colgroup><thead valign="bottom"><tr><th rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Organs</th><th rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Treatment</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">K</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Ca</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Mg</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Fe</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Cu</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Zn</th></tr><tr><th colspan="6" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">mg g<sup>−1</sup> dry weight</th></tr></thead><tbody valign="top"><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Root</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NK</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">35.25<sup>**</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">30.85</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">13.42</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.74</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.26</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.82</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">LK</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">20.27</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">58.75<sup>**</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">53.39<sup>**</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.78<sup>**</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.57<sup>**</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.74<sup>**</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Cotyledon</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NK</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">20.37<sup>**</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72.24</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">23.93</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.73</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.14</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.34</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">LK</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">12.95</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">100.81<sup>**</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">44.44<sup>**</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.88<sup>**</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.30<sup>*</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.85<sup>**</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Forth true leaf</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NK</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">36.69<sup>**</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">70.96</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">28.13</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.89</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.40</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.95</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">LK</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">22.17</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">104.76<sup>*</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">41.61<sup>**</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.45<sup>*</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.43</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.99</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">mg L<sup>−1</sup></td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Xylem sap</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NK</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">511.31<sup>**</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">305.83</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">50.32</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.61</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.08</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.70</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">LK</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">66.41</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">429.95<sup>**</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">79.35<sup>**</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.20</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.11</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.65<sup>*</sup></td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="t1-fn1"><p>Emerging cotton seedlings in wet sand were transferred to a normal solution, grown for 3 d, and separated into a K-deficient solution and a new normal solution and grown for 7 d. These cotton seedlings were used for organ and xylem sap sampling and index determination. For each organ, means within each column followed by the * and ** are significantly different according to t-test, respectively, p < 5% and p < 1%, n = 6.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap position="float" id="t2"><label>Table 2</label><caption><title>Effects of potassium deficiency on the physiological characteristics of cotton xylem sap and cotton growth.</title></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"></col><col align="center" char="."></col><col align="center" char="."></col><col align="center" char="."></col><col align="center" char="."></col><col align="center" char="."></col><col align="center" char="."></col></colgroup><thead valign="bottom"><tr><th rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Treatment</th><th align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">Xylem sap volume</th><th align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">Protein content</th><th rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">pH</th><th align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">Root</th><th align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">Stem</th><th align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">Leaf</th></tr><tr><th align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">ml plant<sup>−1</sup></th><th align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">μg ml<sup>−1</sup></th><th colspan="3" align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">mg dry weight plant<sup>−1</sup></th></tr></thead><tbody valign="top"><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">NK</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0.48</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">4.41<sup>**</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">6.32<sup>**</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">49.6<sup>*</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">106.8<sup>**</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">196.6<sup>*</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">LK</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0.91<sup>*</sup></td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">2.38</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">5.60</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">36.0</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">66.6</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">165.4</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="t2-fn1"><p>Emerging cotton seedlings in wet sand were transferred into a normal solution, grown for 3 d, and separated into a K-deficient solution and a new normal solution and grown for 7 d. These cotton seedlings were used for organ and xylem sap sampling and index determination. Means within each column followed by the * and ** are significantly different according to t-test, respectively, p < 5% and p < 1%, n = 6.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap position="float" id="t3"><label>Table 3</label><caption><title>The effects of potassium deficiency on activity of GPX and SOD in cotton xylem sap.</title></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"></col><col align="center" char="."></col><col align="center" char="."></col><col align="center" char="."></col><col align="center" char="."></col></colgroup><thead valign="bottom"><tr><th rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Treatment</th><th colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">GPX activity<hr></hr></th><th colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">SOD activity<hr></hr></th></tr><tr><th align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">U ml<sup>−1</sup> xylem sap</th><th align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">U μg<sup>−1</sup> protein</th><th align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">U ml<sup>−1</sup> xylem sap</th><th align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">U μg<sup>−1</sup> protein</th></tr></thead><tbody valign="top"><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">NK</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">130.5**</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">16.3**</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">2.6**</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0.32**</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">LK</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">16.5</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">6.0</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0.2</td><td align="center" valign="top" char="." charoff="50">0.07</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="t3-fn1"><p>Emerging cotton seedlings in wet sand were transferred to a normal solution, grown for 3 d, and separated into a K-deficient solution and a new normal solution and grown for 7 d. These cotton seedlings were used for xylem sap sampling and index determination. Means within each column followed by the ** are significantly different according to t-test, p < 1%, n = 6.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap position="float" id="t4"><label>Table 4</label><caption><title>Qualification and quantification of xylem sap proteins.</title></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col></colgroup><thead valign="bottom"><tr><th rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Identified proteins</th><th rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Qualitative peptides</th><th rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Quantitative peptides in comparison</th><th colspan="3" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Non-quantitative peptides in comparison<hr></hr></th></tr><tr><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NNK</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Others</th></tr></thead><tbody valign="top"><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Total</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">258</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">116</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">41</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">96</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Uncharacterized</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">21</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">38</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="t4-fn1"><p>Emerging cotton seedlings in wet sand were transferred into a normal solution, grown for 3 d, and separated into a K-deficient solution and a new normal solution and grown for 7 d. These cotton seedlings were used for xylem sap sampling and three biological replicates of xylem sap samples were used for protein identification, qualification and quantification. More details can be found in <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S1">Supplementary Tables 1 and 2</xref>.</p></fn><fn id="t4-fn2"><p>Note: NLK: being non-detectable in low K; NNK: being non-detectable in normal K.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap position="float" id="t5"><label>Table 5</label><caption><title>Classical and non-classical secreted proteins based on the proteins identified in the cotton seedling xylem sap.</title></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col></colgroup><thead valign="bottom"><tr><th rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Secreted proteins</th><th rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Qualitative peptides</th><th rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Quantitative peptides in comparison</th><th colspan="3" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Non-quantitative peptides in comparison<hr></hr></th></tr><tr><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NNK</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Others</th></tr></thead><tbody valign="top"><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Total</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">233</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">109</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">38</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">82</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Classical</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">147</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">80</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">31</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">35</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Non-classical</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">86</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">29</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">47</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="t5-fn1"><p>The identified proteins were predicted as classical secreted proteins using SignalP or non-classical secreted proteins using SecretomeP. More details can be found in <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S1">Supplementary Tables 1 and 2</xref>.</p></fn><fn id="t5-fn2"><p>Note: NLK: being non-detectable in low K; NNK: being non-detectable in normal K.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap position="float" id="t6"><label>Table 6</label><caption><title>Effects of K deficiency on the contents of the classified proteins in the cotton xylem sap with ≥ 2- or ≤ 0.5-fold change in comparison between LK and NK and on proteins lacking in either the LK or NK treatment.</title></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col></colgroup><thead valign="bottom"><tr><th align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Classification</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Accession No.</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Protein name</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Plant species</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theoretical MW/pI</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Secrete traits</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">FC</th></tr></thead><tbody valign="top"><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">PR-1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A061DWT3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Basic pathogenesis-related protein 1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theobroma cacao</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">24.2/4.85</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NCSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.21<sup>**</sup></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="5" align="left" valign="middle" charoff="50">1,3-beta-glucosidase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">E7CQZ9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">GLU</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gossypium hirsutum</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">50.3/5.15</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.44<sup>*</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">B9RKF7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Glucan endo-1,3-beta-glucosidase, putative</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Ricinus communis</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">55.7/6.40</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.18<sup>**</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A061GR43</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">O-Glycosyl hydrolases family 17 protein isoform 1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theobroma cacao</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">53.1/4.98</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NCSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.32<sup>**</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">P93153</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1,3-beta-glucanase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gossypium hirsutum</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">37.6/5.03</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A061GVZ6</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">O-Glycosyl hydrolases family 17 protein isoform 1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theobroma cacao</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">53.7/8.01</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="5" align="left" valign="middle" charoff="50">Chitinase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A061G8M3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Acidic endochitinase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theobroma cacao</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">36.1/9.87</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NCSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.11<sup>**</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">D7RTU7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Class I chitinase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gossypium hirsutum</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">34.7/6.66</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.21<sup>***</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">P93154</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Chitinase `</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gossypium hirsutum</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">28.8/6.25</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.27<sup>***</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">E5FQ62</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Class 3 chitinase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Hippophae rhamnoides</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">31.8/9.05</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">L7NJI5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Class IV chitinase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gossypium barbadense</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">28.6/4.85</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">PR-5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Q2HPG3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Osmotin-like protein I</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gossypium hirsutum</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">26.5/7.68</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.07<sup>*</sup></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3" align="left" valign="middle" charoff="50">Protease inhibitor</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A061EZK2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Kunitz family trypsin and protease inhibitor protein</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theobroma cacao</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">21.5/6.47</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.22<sup>*</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">I7GGD4</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Proteinase inhibitor</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gossypium arboreum</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.5/4.95</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NCSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.15<sup>***</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Q6WMU5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gossypium barbadense</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">37.1/8.32</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.38<sup>**</sup></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="5" align="left" valign="middle" charoff="50">Proteases</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">V4TEG7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Carboxypeptidase (serine-type)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Citrus clementina</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">54.0/4.99</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.11<sup>**</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">G7IU18</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Subtilisin-like serine protease</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Medicago truncatula</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">81.9/7.88</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.35<sup>**</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">B9RNR8</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Aspartic proteinase nepenthesin-2, putative</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Ricinus communis</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">48.8/8.19</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.15<sup>***</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A061E9G1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Xylem cysteine peptidase 1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theobroma cacao</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">39.1/5.66</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NCSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.20<sup>***</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A061GL56</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Cysteine proteinases superfamily protein</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theobroma cacao</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">39.0/5.40</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.24<sup>**</sup></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="27" align="left" valign="middle" charoff="50">Peroxidases</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A061ET17</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Peroxidase superfamily protein</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theobroma cacao</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">37.4/6.50</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.06<sup>***</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">V9PBI4</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POD21</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Populus tomentosa</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">37.8/6.66</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.06<sup>**</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Q570F0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Peroxidase ATP4a (Fragment)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Arabidopsis thaliana</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">24.6/4.45</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NCSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.10<sup>**</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Q8RVP3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Apoplastic anionic gaiacol peroxidase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gossypium hirsutum</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">37.4/4.60</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.11<sup>***</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A067JYQ4</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Peroxidase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Jatropha curcas</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">36.2/5.22</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.11<sup>***</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Q6UNK7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POD9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gossypium hirsutum</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">34.9/7.75</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.11<sup>***</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A061DQ02</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Peroxidase superfamily protein</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theobroma cacao</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">35.6/4.95</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.12<sup>*</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">G7KFM2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Class III peroxidase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Medicago truncatula</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">35.8/9.81</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.13<sup>***</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A058ZQS8</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Peroxidase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Eucalyptus grandis</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">35.5/8.32</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.15<sup>***</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Q4W1I8</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Basic peroxidase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Zinnia violacea</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">34.2/8.32</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.16<sup>***</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Q7XYR7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Class III peroxidase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gossypium hirsutum</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">35.4/9.40</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.3<sup>**</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">C6TF32</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Peroxidase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Glycine max</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">34.5/9.14</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.33<sup>***</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">C9WF04</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Class III peroxidase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gossypium hirsutum</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">35.3/7.68</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.35<sup>*</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">C9WF05</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Class III peroxidase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gossypium hirsutum</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">34.0/8.33</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.40<sup>*</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A061E3B2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Cationic peroxidase 2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theobroma cacao</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">39.7/7.47</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NCSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.44<sup>***</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">M5WMM3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Peroxidase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Prunus persica</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">35.7/7.29</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.65<sup>***</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A059AII4</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Peroxidase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Eucalyptus grandis</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">33.9/8.92</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A061DGV9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Peroxidase superfamily protein</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theobroma cacao</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">36.8/9.54</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">B9MXK6</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Class III peroxidase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Populus trichocarpa</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">36.4/9.69</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">B3SRB5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Putative secretory peroxidase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Catharanthus roseus</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">35.3/9.10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">G7JMV9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Peroxidase family protein</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Medicago truncatula</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">37.6/9.34</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">G7INU9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Cationic peroxidase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Medicago truncatula</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">34.7/7.70</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">B9SXK5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Peroxidase 53, putative</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Ricinus communis</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">35.1/46.3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A061ENE1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Peroxidase 24, putative</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theobroma cacao</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">36.4/9.71</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">M1JUJ2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Peroxidase 2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Pyrus communis</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">34.5/9.99</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">D4NYQ9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Peroxidase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Bruguiera</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">36.4/10.37</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">X5GE19</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Peroxidase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Carica papaya</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">37.9/6.73</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lipid-transfer protein</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Q9M6B6</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Non-specific lipid-transfer protein</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gossypium hirsutum</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">11.9/8.72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.43<sup>**</sup></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="5" align="left" valign="middle" charoff="50">Oxido-reduction- related proteins</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">F4YAW2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Copper binding protein 3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gossypium hirsutum</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">17.8/4.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.33<sup>*</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A061ECX6</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Cupredoxin superfamily protein</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theobroma cacao</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">22.2/7.97</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NCSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.48*</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A067F2G2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Citrus sinensis</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">28.9/7.22</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.00<sup>**</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Q6TDS6</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Laccase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gossypium arboreum</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">63.3/6.73.</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A078DZJ6</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">BnaC07g17890D protein (UDP-N-acetylmuramate dehydrogenase activity)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Brassica napus</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">61.0/7.99</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="7" align="left" valign="middle" charoff="50">Signaling proteins</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A9XTL5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein 10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gossypium hirsutum</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">44.3/6.73</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A9XTL7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein 12</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gossypium hirsutum</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">42.9/5.34</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.15<sup>***</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A061GBZ8</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Receptor-like protein kinase-related family protein</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theobroma cacao</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">26.7/6.47</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.49<sup>*</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A061EHM2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NSP-interacting kinase 1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theobroma cacao</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">71.6/8.04</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A061GG78</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Cysteine-rich RLK 29 (protein serine/threonine kinase activity)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theobroma cacao</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">149.6/5.32</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">G7J0F7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Lorelei-like-GPI-anchored protein</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Medicago truncatula G</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">18.6/5.61</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">B2ZAQ1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Peptidoglycan-binding LysM domain-containing related protein</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gossypioides kirkii</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">47.3/5.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3" align="left" valign="middle" charoff="50">Other stress-related proteins</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">B9RP09</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Heparanase, putative</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Ricinus communis</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">57.3/7.49</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NCSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">I3T0C3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Histone H4</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Medicago truncatula</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">11.4/12.01</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.54<sup>**</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">W9RXK9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Histone H2A</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Morus notabilis</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">47.3/10.69</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NCSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NNK</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="11" align="left" valign="middle" charoff="50">Cell wall metabolism</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A061GPN5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (GH16)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theobroma cacao</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">33.3/6.92</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.21<sup>***</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">V4WIU8</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (GH16)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Citrus clementina</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">31.1/8.68</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NCSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">B9RN80</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Polygalacturonase, putative (GH28)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Ricinus communis</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">59.0/5.58</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">W9RBM9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Beta-fructofuranosidase, insoluble isoenzyme CWINV1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Morus notabilis</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">72.5/5.96</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NCSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.40*</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A061EW87</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase 1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theobroma cacao</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">75.5/4.70</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A061EP57</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Glycosyl hydrolase superfamily protein isoform 3 (GH1)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theobroma cacao</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">66.0/6.60</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">G7IRQ2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Beta-galactosidase (GH35)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Medicago truncatula</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">91.4/7.58</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A078IVA9</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Beta-galactosidase (GH35)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Brassica napus</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">114.1/7.38</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NCSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">W9SX00</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Putative beta-D-xylosidase 5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Morus notabilis</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">87.0/5.98</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Q76MS5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">LEXYL1 protein(hydrolyzing O-glycosyl)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Solanum lycopersicum</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">83.1/7.89</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A068TXE7</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Coffea canephora DH200 = 94 genomic scaffold, scaffold_6 (hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Coffea canephora</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">106.4/6.24</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NCSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.40<sup>**</sup></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="middle" charoff="50">Proteins with interacting domains</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A061FFL8</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Curculin-like (Mannose-binding) lectin family protein</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theobroma cacao</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">51.3/8.17</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.09<sup>*</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">A0A061F8Q5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">D-mannose binding lectin protein with Apple-like carbohydrate-binding domain, putative</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Theobroma cacao</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">49.0/8.27</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.13<sup>**</sup></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="middle" charoff="50">Miscellaneous proteins</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">F4HR91</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) family protein</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Arabidopsis thaliana</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">52.7/8.67</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.05<sup>***</sup></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">I0B675</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Epidermis-specific secreted glycoprotein EP1-like protein</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gossypium hirsutum</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">49.0/6.75</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">CSP</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.17<sup>**</sup></td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="t6-fn1"><p>Note: LK: low K; NK: normal K; NLK: being non-detectable in LK; NNK: being non-detectable in NK; FC: fold change; CSP: classical secreted proteins; NCSP: non-classical secreted proteins; <sup>*</sup>P ≤ 0.05; <sup>**</sup>P ≤ 0.01; <sup>***</sup>: P ≤ 0.001</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap position="float" id="t7"><label>Table 7</label><caption><title>Number of different expression patterns for the different classified proteins in the cotton xylem sap under the LK and NK treatments based on the results presented in <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S1">Supplemental Table 1</xref>.</title></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col></colgroup><thead valign="bottom"><tr><th align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Classification</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SDR</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NLK</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SUR</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NNK</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NSC</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">SUM</th></tr></thead><tbody valign="top"><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">PR-1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">1,3-beta-glucosidase</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">6</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Chitinases</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">6</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">PR-5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Protease inhibitor</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Proteases</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">6</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Peroxidases</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">15</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">11</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">11</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">39</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Lipid transfer protein</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Oxido-reductases</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">11</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Other stress related protein</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">6</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Signaling</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">13</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Cell wall metabolism</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">18</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Proteins with interacting domains</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Miscellaneous</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">6</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Uncharacterized proteins</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">10</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">35</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="t7-fn1"><p>Note: LK: low K; NK: normal K; NLK: being non-detectable in LK; NNK: being non-detectable in NK; SDR: significant down-regulation; SUR: significant up-regulation; NSC: no significant change.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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