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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Structural Analysis and Involvement in Plant Innate Immunity of <italic>Xanthomonas axonopodis</italic> pv. <italic>citri</italic> Lipopolysaccharide<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">*</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"><sup><inline-graphic xlink:href="sbox.jpg"></inline-graphic></sup></xref></title><author><name sortKey="Casabuono, Adriana" sort="Casabuono, Adriana" uniqKey="Casabuono A" first="Adriana" last="Casabuono">Adriana Casabuono</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Petrocelli, Silvana" sort="Petrocelli, Silvana" uniqKey="Petrocelli S" first="Silvana" last="Petrocelli">Silvana Petrocelli</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ottado, Jorgelina" sort="Ottado, Jorgelina" uniqKey="Ottado J" first="Jorgelina" last="Ottado">Jorgelina Ottado</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Orellano, Elena G" sort="Orellano, Elena G" uniqKey="Orellano E" first="Elena G." last="Orellano">Elena G. Orellano</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Couto, Alicia S" sort="Couto, Alicia S" uniqKey="Couto A" first="Alicia S." last="Couto">Alicia S. Couto</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">21596742</idno><idno type="pmc">3138316</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3138316</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3138316</idno><idno type="doi">10.1074/jbc.M110.186049</idno><date when="2011">2011</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000C61</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Structural Analysis and Involvement in Plant Innate Immunity of <italic>Xanthomonas axonopodis</italic> pv. <italic>citri</italic> Lipopolysaccharide<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">*</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"><sup><inline-graphic xlink:href="sbox.jpg"></inline-graphic></sup></xref></title><author><name sortKey="Casabuono, Adriana" sort="Casabuono, Adriana" uniqKey="Casabuono A" first="Adriana" last="Casabuono">Adriana Casabuono</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Petrocelli, Silvana" sort="Petrocelli, Silvana" uniqKey="Petrocelli S" first="Silvana" last="Petrocelli">Silvana Petrocelli</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ottado, Jorgelina" sort="Ottado, Jorgelina" uniqKey="Ottado J" first="Jorgelina" last="Ottado">Jorgelina Ottado</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Orellano, Elena G" sort="Orellano, Elena G" uniqKey="Orellano E" first="Elena G." last="Orellano">Elena G. Orellano</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Couto, Alicia S" sort="Couto, Alicia S" uniqKey="Couto A" first="Alicia S." last="Couto">Alicia S. Couto</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The Journal of Biological Chemistry</title><idno type="ISSN">0021-9258</idno><idno type="eISSN">1083-351X</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Xanthomonas axonopodis</italic> pv. <italic>citri</italic> (Xac) causes citrus canker, provoking defoliation and premature fruit drop with concomitant economical damage. In plant pathogenic bacteria, lipopolysaccharides are important virulence factors, and they are being increasingly recognized as major pathogen-associated molecular patterns for plants. In general, three domains are recognized in a lipopolysaccharide: the hydrophobic lipid A, the hydrophilic O-antigen polysaccharide, and the core oligosaccharide, connecting lipid A and O-antigen. In this work, we have determined the structure of purified lipopolysaccharides obtained from <italic>Xanthomonas axonopodis</italic> pv. <italic>citri</italic> wild type and a mutant of the O-antigen ABC transporter encoded by the <italic>wzt</italic> gene. High pH anion exchange chromatography and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrum analysis were performed, enabling determination of the structure not only of the released oligosaccharides and lipid A moieties but also the intact lipopolysaccharides. The results demonstrate that Xac wild type and Xac<italic>wzt</italic> LPSs are composed mainly of a penta- or tetra-acylated diglucosamine backbone attached to either two pyrophosphorylethanolamine groups or to one pyrophosphorylethanolamine group and one phosphorylethanolamine group. The core region consists of a branched oligosaccharide formed by Kdo<sub>2</sub>Hex<sub>6</sub>GalA<sub>3</sub>Fuc3NAcRha<sub>4</sub> and two phosphate groups. As expected, the presence of a rhamnose homo-oligosaccharide as O-antigen was determined only in the Xac wild type lipopolysaccharide. In addition, we have examined how lipopolysaccharides from Xac function in the pathogenesis process. We analyzed the response of the different lipopolysaccharides during the stomata aperture closure cycle, the callose deposition, the expression of defense-related genes, and reactive oxygen species production in citrus leaves, suggesting a functional role of the O-antigen from Xac lipopolysaccharides in the basal response.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Biol Chem</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">jbc</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">jbc</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JBC</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>The Journal of Biological Chemistry</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-9258</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1083-351X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology</publisher-name><publisher-loc>9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20814, U.S.A.</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">21596742</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3138316</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">M110.186049</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1074/jbc.M110.186049</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Glycobiology and Extracellular Matrices</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Structural Analysis and Involvement in Plant Innate Immunity of <italic>Xanthomonas axonopodis</italic> pv. <italic>citri</italic> Lipopolysaccharide<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">*</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"><sup><inline-graphic xlink:href="sbox.jpg"></inline-graphic></sup></xref></article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="short">X. axonopodis pv. citri Lipopolysaccharide</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Casabuono</surname><given-names>Adriana</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>‡</sup></xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN3"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Petrocelli</surname><given-names>Silvana</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>§</sup></xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN3"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN4"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ottado</surname><given-names>Jorgelina</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>§</sup></xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN5"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Orellano</surname><given-names>Elena G.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>§</sup></xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN5"><sup>3</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Couto</surname><given-names>Alicia S.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>‡</sup></xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN5"><sup>3</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor2"><sup>5</sup></xref></contrib><aff id="aff1">From the<label>‡</label>Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Cs. Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina and</aff><aff id="aff2">the<label>§</label>Molecular Biology Division, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IBR-CONICET-UNR), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Suipacha 531 (S2002LRK), Rosario, Argentina</aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><label>4</label> Staff member of Consejo de Investigaciones, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (Rosario, Argentina). To whom correspondence may be addressed: <addr-line>IBR-CONICET-UNR, Molecular Biology Division, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Suipacha 531 (S2002LRK), Rosario, Argentina.</addr-line> Tel.: <phone>54-341-4350661</phone>; Fax: <fax>54-341-4390465</fax>; E-mail: <email>orellano@ibr.gov.ar</email>.</corresp><corresp id="cor2"><label>5</label> To whom correspondence may be addressed. Tel.: <phone>54-11-45763346</phone>; Fax: <fax>54-11-45763346</fax>; E-mail: <email>acouto@qo.fcen.uba.ar</email>.</corresp><fn fn-type="equal" id="FN3"><label>1</label><p>Both authors contributed equally to this work.</p></fn><fn fn-type="other" id="FN4"><label>2</label><p>Fellow of the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET, Argentina).</p></fn><fn fn-type="other" id="FN5"><label>3</label><p>Staff member of CONICET, Argentina.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>22</day><month>7</month><year>2011</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>5</month><year>2011</year></pub-date><volume>286</volume><issue>29</issue><fpage>25628</fpage><lpage>25643</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>24</day><month>9</month><year>2010</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>16</day><month>5</month><year>2011</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2011 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2011</copyright-year></permissions><self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="zbc02911025628.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p><italic>Xanthomonas axonopodis</italic> pv. <italic>citri</italic> (Xac) causes citrus canker, provoking defoliation and premature fruit drop with concomitant economical damage. In plant pathogenic bacteria, lipopolysaccharides are important virulence factors, and they are being increasingly recognized as major pathogen-associated molecular patterns for plants. In general, three domains are recognized in a lipopolysaccharide: the hydrophobic lipid A, the hydrophilic O-antigen polysaccharide, and the core oligosaccharide, connecting lipid A and O-antigen. In this work, we have determined the structure of purified lipopolysaccharides obtained from <italic>Xanthomonas axonopodis</italic> pv. <italic>citri</italic> wild type and a mutant of the O-antigen ABC transporter encoded by the <italic>wzt</italic> gene. High pH anion exchange chromatography and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrum analysis were performed, enabling determination of the structure not only of the released oligosaccharides and lipid A moieties but also the intact lipopolysaccharides. The results demonstrate that Xac wild type and Xac<italic>wzt</italic> LPSs are composed mainly of a penta- or tetra-acylated diglucosamine backbone attached to either two pyrophosphorylethanolamine groups or to one pyrophosphorylethanolamine group and one phosphorylethanolamine group. The core region consists of a branched oligosaccharide formed by Kdo<sub>2</sub>Hex<sub>6</sub>GalA<sub>3</sub>Fuc3NAcRha<sub>4</sub> and two phosphate groups. As expected, the presence of a rhamnose homo-oligosaccharide as O-antigen was determined only in the Xac wild type lipopolysaccharide. In addition, we have examined how lipopolysaccharides from Xac function in the pathogenesis process. We analyzed the response of the different lipopolysaccharides during the stomata aperture closure cycle, the callose deposition, the expression of defense-related genes, and reactive oxygen species production in citrus leaves, suggesting a functional role of the O-antigen from Xac lipopolysaccharides in the basal response.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Carbohydrate Structure</kwd><kwd>Glycolipid Structure</kwd><kwd>Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)</kwd><kwd>Mass Spectrometry (MS)</kwd><kwd>Pathogen-associated Molecular Pattern (PAMP)</kwd><kwd>UV-MALDI-TOF MS</kwd><kwd>Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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