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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Diversity and Plasticity of the Intracellular Plant Pathogen and Insect Symbiont “<named-content content-type="genus-species">Candidatus</named-content> Liberibacter asiaticus” as Revealed by Hypervariable Prophage Genes with Intragenic Tandem Repeats
<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"><sup>▿</sup></xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">†</xref></title><author><name sortKey="Zhou, Lijuan" sort="Zhou, Lijuan" uniqKey="Zhou L" first="Lijuan" last="Zhou">Lijuan Zhou</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">University of Florida, IFAS-IRREC, Ft. Pierce, Florida 34945</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Powell, Charles A" sort="Powell, Charles A" uniqKey="Powell C" first="Charles A." last="Powell">Charles A. Powell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">University of Florida, IFAS-IRREC, Ft. Pierce, Florida 34945</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoffman, Michele T" sort="Hoffman, Michele T" uniqKey="Hoffman M" first="Michele T." last="Hoffman">Michele T. Hoffman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">USDA-ARS-USHRL, Ft. Pierce, Florida 34945</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Wenbin" sort="Li, Wenbin" uniqKey="Li W" first="Wenbin" last="Li">Wenbin Li</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">USDA-APHIS-PPQ-CPHST-NPGBL, Beltsville, Maryland 20705</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fan, Guocheng" sort="Fan, Guocheng" uniqKey="Fan G" first="Guocheng" last="Fan">Guocheng Fan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Citrus Huanglongbing Research Center, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Bo" sort="Liu, Bo" uniqKey="Liu B" first="Bo" last="Liu">Bo Liu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Citrus Huanglongbing Research Center, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Hong" sort="Lin, Hong" uniqKey="Lin H" first="Hong" last="Lin">Hong Lin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5">San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, USDA-ARS, Parlier, California 93658</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Duan, Yongping" sort="Duan, Yongping" uniqKey="Duan Y" first="Yongping" last="Duan">Yongping Duan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">USDA-ARS-USHRL, Ft. Pierce, Florida 34945</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">21784907</idno><idno type="pmc">3187138</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3187138</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3187138</idno><idno type="doi">10.1128/AEM.05111-11</idno><date when="2011">2011</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000C28</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Diversity and Plasticity of the Intracellular Plant Pathogen and Insect Symbiont “<named-content content-type="genus-species">Candidatus</named-content> Liberibacter asiaticus” as Revealed by Hypervariable Prophage Genes with Intragenic Tandem Repeats
<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"><sup>▿</sup></xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">†</xref></title><author><name sortKey="Zhou, Lijuan" sort="Zhou, Lijuan" uniqKey="Zhou L" first="Lijuan" last="Zhou">Lijuan Zhou</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">University of Florida, IFAS-IRREC, Ft. Pierce, Florida 34945</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Powell, Charles A" sort="Powell, Charles A" uniqKey="Powell C" first="Charles A." last="Powell">Charles A. Powell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">University of Florida, IFAS-IRREC, Ft. Pierce, Florida 34945</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoffman, Michele T" sort="Hoffman, Michele T" uniqKey="Hoffman M" first="Michele T." last="Hoffman">Michele T. Hoffman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">USDA-ARS-USHRL, Ft. Pierce, Florida 34945</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Wenbin" sort="Li, Wenbin" uniqKey="Li W" first="Wenbin" last="Li">Wenbin Li</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">USDA-APHIS-PPQ-CPHST-NPGBL, Beltsville, Maryland 20705</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fan, Guocheng" sort="Fan, Guocheng" uniqKey="Fan G" first="Guocheng" last="Fan">Guocheng Fan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Citrus Huanglongbing Research Center, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Bo" sort="Liu, Bo" uniqKey="Liu B" first="Bo" last="Liu">Bo Liu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Citrus Huanglongbing Research Center, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Hong" sort="Lin, Hong" uniqKey="Lin H" first="Hong" last="Lin">Hong Lin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5">San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, USDA-ARS, Parlier, California 93658</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Duan, Yongping" sort="Duan, Yongping" uniqKey="Duan Y" first="Yongping" last="Duan">Yongping Duan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">USDA-ARS-USHRL, Ft. Pierce, Florida 34945</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Applied and Environmental Microbiology</title><idno type="ISSN">0099-2240</idno><idno type="eISSN">1098-5336</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>“<named-content content-type="genus-species">Candidatus</named-content> Liberibacter asiaticus” is a psyllid-transmitted, phloem-limited alphaproteobacterium and the most prevalent species of “<italic>Ca</italic>. Liberibacter” associated with a devastating worldwide citrus disease known as huanglongbing (HLB). Two related and hypervariable genes (<italic>hyv</italic><sub>I</sub> and <italic>hyv</italic><sub>II</sub>) were identified in the prophage regions of the Psy62 “<italic>Ca.</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus” genome. Sequence analyses of the <italic>hyv</italic><sub>I</sub> and <italic>hyv</italic><sub>II</sub> genes in 35 “<italic>Ca.</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus” DNA isolates collected globally revealed that the <italic>hyv</italic><sub>I</sub> gene contains up to 12 nearly identical tandem repeats (NITRs, 132 bp) and 4 partial repeats, while <italic>hyv</italic><sub>II</sub> contains up to 2 NITRs and 4 partial repeats and shares homology with <italic>hyv</italic><sub>I</sub>. Frequent deletions or insertions of these repeats within the <italic>hyv</italic><sub>I</sub> and <italic>hyv</italic><sub>II</sub> genes were observed, none of which disrupted the open reading frames. Sequence conservation within the individual repeats but an extensive variation in repeat numbers, rearrangement, and the sequences flanking the repeat region indicate the diversity and plasticity of “<italic>Ca.</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus” bacterial populations in the world. These differences were found not only in samples of distinct geographical origins but also in samples from a single origin and even from a single “<italic>Ca.</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus”-infected sample. This is the first evidence of different “<italic>Ca.</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus” populations coexisting in a single HLB-affected sample. The Florida “<italic>Ca.</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus” isolates contain both <italic>hyv</italic><sub>I</sub> and <italic>hyv</italic><sub>II</sub>, while all other global “<italic>Ca.</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus” isolates contain either one or the other. Interclade assignments of the putative Hyv<sub>I</sub> and Hyv<sub>II</sub> proteins from Florida isolates with other global isolates in phylogenetic trees imply multiple “<italic>Ca.</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus” populations in the world and a multisource introduction of the “<italic>Ca.</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus” bacterium into Florida.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Appl Environ Microbiol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">aem</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">aem</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">AEM</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Applied and Environmental Microbiology</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0099-2240</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1098-5336</issn><publisher><publisher-name>American Society for Microbiology</publisher-name><publisher-loc>1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">21784907</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3187138</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">5111-11</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1128/AEM.05111-11</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Plant Microbiology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Diversity and Plasticity of the Intracellular Plant Pathogen and Insect Symbiont “<named-content content-type="genus-species">Candidatus</named-content> Liberibacter asiaticus” as Revealed by Hypervariable Prophage Genes with Intragenic Tandem Repeats
<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"><sup>▿</sup></xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">†</xref></article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhou</surname><given-names>Lijuan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Powell</surname><given-names>Charles A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hoffman</surname><given-names>Michele T.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Li</surname><given-names>Wenbin</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fan</surname><given-names>Guocheng</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Liu</surname><given-names>Bo</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lin</surname><given-names>Hong</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>5</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Duan</surname><given-names>Yongping</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label>University of Florida, IFAS-IRREC, Ft. Pierce, Florida 34945</aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label>USDA-ARS-USHRL, Ft. Pierce, Florida 34945</aff><aff id="aff3"><label>3</label>USDA-APHIS-PPQ-CPHST-NPGBL, Beltsville, Maryland 20705</aff><aff id="aff4"><label>4</label>Citrus Huanglongbing Research Center, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China</aff><aff id="aff5"><label>5</label>San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, USDA-ARS, Parlier, California 93658</aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><label>*</label>Corresponding author. Mailing address: <addr-line>USDA-ARS-USHRL, 2001 South Rock Rd., Ft. Pierce, FL 34945.</addr-line> Phone: <phone>(772) 462-5840</phone>. Fax: <fax>(772) 462-5986</fax>. E-mail: <email>yongping.duan@ars.usda.gov</email>.</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>9</month><year>2011</year></pub-date><volume>77</volume><issue>18</issue><fpage>6663</fpage><lpage>6673</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>12</day><month>4</month><year>2011</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>15</day><month>7</month><year>2011</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2011, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2011</copyright-year><copyright-holder>American Society for Microbiology</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="zam01811006663.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p>“<named-content content-type="genus-species">Candidatus</named-content> Liberibacter asiaticus” is a psyllid-transmitted, phloem-limited alphaproteobacterium and the most prevalent species of “<italic>Ca</italic>. Liberibacter” associated with a devastating worldwide citrus disease known as huanglongbing (HLB). Two related and hypervariable genes (<italic>hyv</italic><sub>I</sub> and <italic>hyv</italic><sub>II</sub>) were identified in the prophage regions of the Psy62 “<italic>Ca.</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus” genome. Sequence analyses of the <italic>hyv</italic><sub>I</sub> and <italic>hyv</italic><sub>II</sub> genes in 35 “<italic>Ca.</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus” DNA isolates collected globally revealed that the <italic>hyv</italic><sub>I</sub> gene contains up to 12 nearly identical tandem repeats (NITRs, 132 bp) and 4 partial repeats, while <italic>hyv</italic><sub>II</sub> contains up to 2 NITRs and 4 partial repeats and shares homology with <italic>hyv</italic><sub>I</sub>. Frequent deletions or insertions of these repeats within the <italic>hyv</italic><sub>I</sub> and <italic>hyv</italic><sub>II</sub> genes were observed, none of which disrupted the open reading frames. Sequence conservation within the individual repeats but an extensive variation in repeat numbers, rearrangement, and the sequences flanking the repeat region indicate the diversity and plasticity of “<italic>Ca.</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus” bacterial populations in the world. These differences were found not only in samples of distinct geographical origins but also in samples from a single origin and even from a single “<italic>Ca.</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus”-infected sample. This is the first evidence of different “<italic>Ca.</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus” populations coexisting in a single HLB-affected sample. The Florida “<italic>Ca.</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus” isolates contain both <italic>hyv</italic><sub>I</sub> and <italic>hyv</italic><sub>II</sub>, while all other global “<italic>Ca.</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus” isolates contain either one or the other. Interclade assignments of the putative Hyv<sub>I</sub> and Hyv<sub>II</sub> proteins from Florida isolates with other global isolates in phylogenetic trees imply multiple “<italic>Ca.</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus” populations in the world and a multisource introduction of the “<italic>Ca.</italic> Liberibacter asiaticus” bacterium into Florida.</p></abstract></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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