Anti-malarial activity of a polyherbal product (Nefang) during early and established Plasmodium infection in rodent models
Identifieur interne : 000911 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000910; suivant : 000912Anti-malarial activity of a polyherbal product (Nefang) during early and established Plasmodium infection in rodent models
Auteurs : Protus Arrey Tarkang [Cameroun, Kenya] ; Faith A. Okalebo [Kenya] ; Lawrence S. Ayong [Cameroun] ; Gabriel A. Agbor [Cameroun] ; Anastasia N. Guantai [Kenya]Source :
- Malaria Journal [ 1475-2875 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
The emerging resistance of
Systemic acute oral toxicity of Nefang aqueous and ethanol extracts was assessed in mice up to a dose of 5,000 mgkg−1 body weight. BALB/c mice and Wistar rats were inoculated with
Acute oral toxicity of the extract did not cause any observed adverse effects. Percent suppressions of parasitaemia at 600 mgkg−1 bwt were as follows (
These results indicate that Nefang has excellent
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1475-2875-13-456) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-13-456
PubMed: 25421605
PubMed Central: 4251988
Affiliations:
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Anti-malarial activity of a polyherbal product (Nefang) during early and established <italic>Plasmodium</italic> infection in rodent models</title><author><name sortKey="Arrey Tarkang, Protus" sort="Arrey Tarkang, Protus" uniqKey="Arrey Tarkang P" first="Protus" last="Arrey Tarkang">Protus Arrey Tarkang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff6">Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P. O. Box 6163, Yaoundé, Cameroon</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P. O. Box 6163, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff7">Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 19676–00202, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 19676–00202, Nairobi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nairobi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Okalebo, Faith A" sort="Okalebo, Faith A" uniqKey="Okalebo F" first="Faith A" last="Okalebo">Faith A. Okalebo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff7">Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 19676–00202, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 19676–00202, Nairobi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nairobi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ayong, Lawrence S" sort="Ayong, Lawrence S" uniqKey="Ayong L" first="Lawrence S" last="Ayong">Lawrence S. Ayong</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff8">Early Drug Discovery Programme, Institut Pasteur Korea, Sampyeong-dong 696, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do South Korea</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Gyeonggi-do South Korea</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff9">Public Health and Epidemiology Unit, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, P. O. Box 1274, Yaoundé, Cameroon</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health and Epidemiology Unit, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, P. O. Box 1274, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Agbor, Gabriel A" sort="Agbor, Gabriel A" uniqKey="Agbor G" first="Gabriel A" last="Agbor">Gabriel A. Agbor</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff6">Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P. O. Box 6163, Yaoundé, Cameroon</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P. O. Box 6163, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guantai, Anastasia N" sort="Guantai, Anastasia N" uniqKey="Guantai A" first="Anastasia N" last="Guantai">Anastasia N. Guantai</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff7">Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 19676–00202, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 19676–00202, Nairobi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nairobi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25421605</idno><idno type="pmc">4251988</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4251988</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4251988</idno><idno type="doi">10.1186/1475-2875-13-456</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000686</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000685</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000911</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Anti-malarial activity of a polyherbal product (Nefang) during early and established <italic>Plasmodium</italic> infection in rodent models</title><author><name sortKey="Arrey Tarkang, Protus" sort="Arrey Tarkang, Protus" uniqKey="Arrey Tarkang P" first="Protus" last="Arrey Tarkang">Protus Arrey Tarkang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff6">Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P. O. Box 6163, Yaoundé, Cameroon</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P. O. Box 6163, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff7">Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 19676–00202, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 19676–00202, Nairobi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nairobi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Okalebo, Faith A" sort="Okalebo, Faith A" uniqKey="Okalebo F" first="Faith A" last="Okalebo">Faith A. Okalebo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff7">Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 19676–00202, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 19676–00202, Nairobi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nairobi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ayong, Lawrence S" sort="Ayong, Lawrence S" uniqKey="Ayong L" first="Lawrence S" last="Ayong">Lawrence S. Ayong</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff8">Early Drug Discovery Programme, Institut Pasteur Korea, Sampyeong-dong 696, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do South Korea</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Gyeonggi-do South Korea</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff9">Public Health and Epidemiology Unit, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, P. O. Box 1274, Yaoundé, Cameroon</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health and Epidemiology Unit, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, P. O. Box 1274, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Agbor, Gabriel A" sort="Agbor, Gabriel A" uniqKey="Agbor G" first="Gabriel A" last="Agbor">Gabriel A. Agbor</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff6">Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P. O. Box 6163, Yaoundé, Cameroon</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P. O. Box 6163, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guantai, Anastasia N" sort="Guantai, Anastasia N" uniqKey="Guantai A" first="Anastasia N" last="Guantai">Anastasia N. Guantai</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff7">Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 19676–00202, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 19676–00202, Nairobi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nairobi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Malaria Journal</title><idno type="eISSN">1475-2875</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>The emerging resistance of <italic>Plasmodium</italic> species to currently available anti-malarials remains a public health concern, hence the need for new effective, safe and affordable drugs. Natural products remain a reliable source of drugs. <italic>Nefang</italic> is a polyherbal anti-malarial of the Cameroonian folklore medicine with demonstrated <italic>in vitro</italic> antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities. It is composed of <italic>Mangifera indica</italic> (bark and leaf), <italic>Psidium guajava, Carica papaya, Cymbopogon citratus, Citrus sinensis, Ocimum gratissimum</italic> (leaves). This study aimed at investigating the suppressive, prophylactic and curative activities of Nefang in <italic>Plasmodium</italic> infected rodent models.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Systemic acute oral toxicity of Nefang aqueous and ethanol extracts was assessed in mice up to a dose of 5,000 mgkg<sup>−1</sup> body weight. BALB/c mice and Wistar rats were inoculated with <italic>Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi</italic> and <italic>Plasmodium berghei,</italic> respectively, and treated with Nefang, the <italic>Mangifera indica</italic> bark/<italic>Psidium guajava</italic> combination and a <italic>Psidium guajava</italic> leaf aqueous extracts (75, 150, 300 and 600 mgkg<sup>−1</sup> bwt). Their schizonticidal activity was then evaluated using the Peter’s 4-day suppressive test). The prophylactic and curative (Rane’s Test) activity of Nefang was also evaluated by determining the parasitaemia, survival time, body weight and temperature in pre-treated rodents.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Acute oral toxicity of the extract did not cause any observed adverse effects. Percent suppressions of parasitaemia at 600 mgkg<sup>−1</sup> bwt were as follows (<italic>P. berghei</italic>/<italic>P. chabaudi</italic>): Nefang – 82.9/86.3, <italic>Mangifera indica</italic> bark/<italic>Psidium guajava</italic> leaf combination extract – 79.5/81.2 and <italic>Psidium guajava</italic> leaf – 58.9/67.4. Nefang exhibited a prophylactic activity of 79.5% and its chemotherapeutic effects ranged from 61.2 – 86.1% with maximum effect observed at the highest experimental dose.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>These results indicate that Nefang has excellent <italic>in vivo</italic> anti-malarial activities against <italic>P. berghei</italic> and <italic>P. chabaudi</italic>, upholding earlier <italic>in vitro</italic> antiplasmodial activities against multi-drug resistant <italic>P. falciparum</italic> parasites as well as its traditional use. Hence, Nefang represents a promising source of new anti-malarial agents.</p></sec><sec><title>Electronic supplementary material</title><p>The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1475-2875-13-456) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Oliveira, Ab" uniqKey="Oliveira A">AB Oliveira</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dolabela, Mf" uniqKey="Dolabela M">MF Dolabela</name></author><author><name sortKey="Braga, Fc" uniqKey="Braga F">FC Braga</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jacome, Rl" uniqKey="Jacome R">RL Jacome</name></author><author><name sortKey="Varotti, Fp" uniqKey="Varotti F">FP Varotti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Povoa, Mm" uniqKey="Povoa M">MM Povoa</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Castellanos, Jrg" uniqKey="Castellanos J">JRG 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Malar J</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Malar. J</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Malaria Journal</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1475-2875</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BioMed Central</publisher-name><publisher-loc>London</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25421605</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4251988</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">3607</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1186/1475-2875-13-456</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Anti-malarial activity of a polyherbal product (Nefang) during early and established <italic>Plasmodium</italic> infection in rodent models</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Arrey Tarkang</surname><given-names>Protus</given-names></name><address><email>ptarkang@yahoo.co.uk</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff6"></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff7"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Okalebo</surname><given-names>Faith A</given-names></name><address><email>okalebof@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff7"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ayong</surname><given-names>Lawrence S</given-names></name><address><email>layong05@yahoo.co.uk</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff8"></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff9"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Agbor</surname><given-names>Gabriel A</given-names></name><address><email>agogae@yahoo.fr</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff6"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Guantai</surname><given-names>Anastasia N</given-names></name><address><email>anguantai@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff7"></xref></contrib><aff id="Aff6"><label></label>Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P. O. Box 6163, Yaoundé, Cameroon</aff><aff id="Aff7"><label></label>Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 19676–00202, Nairobi, Kenya</aff><aff id="Aff8"><label></label>Early Drug Discovery Programme, Institut Pasteur Korea, Sampyeong-dong 696, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do South Korea</aff><aff id="Aff9"><label></label>Public Health and Epidemiology Unit, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, P. O. Box 1274, Yaoundé, Cameroon</aff></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>11</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>25</day><month>11</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><elocation-id>456</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>6</day><month>8</month><year>2014</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2014</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© Arrey Tarkang et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014</copyright-statement><license license-type="open-access"><license-p>This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ext-link>), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/</ext-link>) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract id="Abs1"><sec><title>Background</title><p>The emerging resistance of <italic>Plasmodium</italic> species to currently available anti-malarials remains a public health concern, hence the need for new effective, safe and affordable drugs. Natural products remain a reliable source of drugs. <italic>Nefang</italic> is a polyherbal anti-malarial of the Cameroonian folklore medicine with demonstrated <italic>in vitro</italic> antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities. It is composed of <italic>Mangifera indica</italic> (bark and leaf), <italic>Psidium guajava, Carica papaya, Cymbopogon citratus, Citrus sinensis, Ocimum gratissimum</italic> (leaves). This study aimed at investigating the suppressive, prophylactic and curative activities of Nefang in <italic>Plasmodium</italic> infected rodent models.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Systemic acute oral toxicity of Nefang aqueous and ethanol extracts was assessed in mice up to a dose of 5,000 mgkg<sup>−1</sup> body weight. BALB/c mice and Wistar rats were inoculated with <italic>Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi</italic> and <italic>Plasmodium berghei,</italic> respectively, and treated with Nefang, the <italic>Mangifera indica</italic> bark/<italic>Psidium guajava</italic> combination and a <italic>Psidium guajava</italic> leaf aqueous extracts (75, 150, 300 and 600 mgkg<sup>−1</sup> bwt). Their schizonticidal activity was then evaluated using the Peter’s 4-day suppressive test). The prophylactic and curative (Rane’s Test) activity of Nefang was also evaluated by determining the parasitaemia, survival time, body weight and temperature in pre-treated rodents.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Acute oral toxicity of the extract did not cause any observed adverse effects. Percent suppressions of parasitaemia at 600 mgkg<sup>−1</sup> bwt were as follows (<italic>P. berghei</italic>/<italic>P. chabaudi</italic>): Nefang – 82.9/86.3, <italic>Mangifera indica</italic> bark/<italic>Psidium guajava</italic> leaf combination extract – 79.5/81.2 and <italic>Psidium guajava</italic> leaf – 58.9/67.4. Nefang exhibited a prophylactic activity of 79.5% and its chemotherapeutic effects ranged from 61.2 – 86.1% with maximum effect observed at the highest experimental dose.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>These results indicate that Nefang has excellent <italic>in vivo</italic> anti-malarial activities against <italic>P. berghei</italic> and <italic>P. chabaudi</italic>, upholding earlier <italic>in vitro</italic> antiplasmodial activities against multi-drug resistant <italic>P. falciparum</italic> parasites as well as its traditional use. Hence, Nefang represents a promising source of new anti-malarial agents.</p></sec><sec><title>Electronic supplementary material</title><p>The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1475-2875-13-456) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title><kwd>Medicinal Plants</kwd><kwd>Nefang</kwd><kwd>Acute toxicity</kwd><kwd>Malaria</kwd><kwd>In vivo antiplasmodial activity</kwd><kwd>Suppressive activity</kwd><kwd>Prophylactic activity</kwd><kwd>Curative activity</kwd><kwd>Combination phytotherapy</kwd></kwd-group><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name><meta-value>© The Author(s) 2014</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Cameroun</li><li>Kenya</li></country></list><tree><country name="Cameroun"><noRegion><name sortKey="Arrey Tarkang, Protus" sort="Arrey Tarkang, Protus" uniqKey="Arrey Tarkang P" first="Protus" last="Arrey Tarkang">Protus Arrey Tarkang</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Agbor, Gabriel A" sort="Agbor, Gabriel A" uniqKey="Agbor G" first="Gabriel A" last="Agbor">Gabriel A. Agbor</name><name sortKey="Ayong, Lawrence S" sort="Ayong, Lawrence S" uniqKey="Ayong L" first="Lawrence S" last="Ayong">Lawrence S. Ayong</name></country><country name="Kenya"><noRegion><name sortKey="Arrey Tarkang, Protus" sort="Arrey Tarkang, Protus" uniqKey="Arrey Tarkang P" first="Protus" last="Arrey Tarkang">Protus Arrey Tarkang</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Guantai, Anastasia N" sort="Guantai, Anastasia N" uniqKey="Guantai A" first="Anastasia N" last="Guantai">Anastasia N. Guantai</name><name sortKey="Okalebo, Faith A" sort="Okalebo, Faith A" uniqKey="Okalebo F" first="Faith A" last="Okalebo">Faith A. Okalebo</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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