OrangerV1, PascalFrancis, Corpus, bibRecord, 000851

Characterization and regulation of ammonium transport systems in Citrus plants

Identifieur interne : 000851 ( PascalFrancis/Corpus ); précédent : 000850; suivant : 000852

Characterization and regulation of ammonium transport systems in Citrus plants

Auteurs : M. Cerezo ; P. Tillard ; A. Gojon ; E. Primo-Millo ; P. Garcia-Agustin

Source :

Planta [ 0032-0935 ] ; 2001.

RBID : Pascal:02-0149830

Descripteurs français

Pascal (Inist)
- Caractérisation, Régulation, Transport biologique, Marquage isotopique, Protéine transport, Site haute affinité, Absorption, Site faible affinité, Nutrition, Ammonium, Nitrate, Proton, Déficit, Métabolisme énergétique, Gradient proton, Gradient concentration, Racine, Citrus sinensis Poncirus trifoliata, Azote 15.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Absorption, Ammonium, Biological transport, Carrier protein, Characterization, Concentration gradient, Deficiency, Energy metabolism, High affinity site, Isotope labelling, Low affinity site, Nitrates, Nutrition, Proton, Proton gradient, Regulation(control), Root.

Abstract

We have investigated both the kinetics and regulation of ¹⁵NH⁴⁺ influx in roots of 3-month-old hydroponically grown Citrus (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck x Poncirus trifoliata Blanco) seedlings. The ¹⁵NH₄⁺ influx is saturable below an external ammonium concentration of 1 mM, indicating the action of a high-affinity transport system (HATS). The HATS is under feedback repression by the N status of the plant, being downregulated in plants adequately supplied with N during growth, and up-regulated by N-starvation. When assayed between 1 and 50 mM [¹⁵NH₄⁺]₀, the 15NH4+ influx showed a linear response typical of a low-affinity transport system (LATS). The activity of the LATS increased in plants supplied with NH₄⁺ as compared with plants grown on an N-free medium. Transfer of the plants to N-free solution resulted in a marked decrease in the LATS-mediated 15NH4+ influx. Accordingly, resupply of NH₄⁺ after N-starvation triggered a dramatic stimulation of the activity of the LATS. These data provide evidence that in Citrus plants, the LATS or at least one of its components is inducible by NH₄⁺. Even when up-regulated, both the HATS and the LATS displayed a limited capacity, as compared with that usually found in herbaceous species. The use of various metabolic uncouplers or inhibitors indicated that 15NH4+ influx mediated by the HATS is strongly dependent on energy metabolism and H transmembrane electrochemical gradient. By contrast, the LATS is not affected by protonophores or inhibitors of the H⁺-ATPase, suggesting that its activity is mostly driven by the NH₄⁺/NH₃ transmembrane gradient. In agreement with these hypotheses, the HATS-mediated 15NH4+ influx was strongly inhibited when the solution pH was raised from 4 to 7, whereas influx mediated by the LATS was slightly stimulated.

Notice en format standard (ISO 2709)

Pour connaître la documentation sur le format Inist Standard.

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Format Inist (serveur)

NO :	PASCAL 02-0149830 INIST
ET :	Characterization and regulation of ammonium transport systems in Citrus plants
AU :	CEREZO (M.); TILLARD (P.); GOJON (A.); PRIMO-MILLO (E.); GARCIA-AGUSTIN (P.)
AF :	Unidad de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Expérimentales, Escuela Superior de Tecnología y Ciencias Experimentales, Universitat Jaume I/12071 Castellón/Espagne (1 aut., 5 aut.); Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des plantes, UMR 5004, Agro-M, CNRS, INRA, UM2, Place Viala/34060 Montpellier/France (2 aut., 3 aut.); Departamento de Citricultura, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Apartado Oficial/46113 Moncada Valencia/Espagne (4 aut.)
DT :	Publication en série; Niveau analytique
SO :	Planta; ISSN 0032-0935; Coden PLANAB; Allemagne; Da. 2001; Vol. 214; No. 1; Pp. 97-105; Bibl. 33 ref.
LA :	Anglais
EA :	We have investigated both the kinetics and regulation of ¹⁵NH⁴⁺ influx in roots of 3-month-old hydroponically grown Citrus (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck x Poncirus trifoliata Blanco) seedlings. The ¹⁵NH₄⁺ influx is saturable below an external ammonium concentration of 1 mM, indicating the action of a high-affinity transport system (HATS). The HATS is under feedback repression by the N status of the plant, being downregulated in plants adequately supplied with N during growth, and up-regulated by N-starvation. When assayed between 1 and 50 mM [¹⁵NH₄⁺]₀, the 15NH4+ influx showed a linear response typical of a low-affinity transport system (LATS). The activity of the LATS increased in plants supplied with NH₄⁺ as compared with plants grown on an N-free medium. Transfer of the plants to N-free solution resulted in a marked decrease in the LATS-mediated 15NH4+ influx. Accordingly, resupply of NH₄⁺ after N-starvation triggered a dramatic stimulation of the activity of the LATS. These data provide evidence that in Citrus plants, the LATS or at least one of its components is inducible by NH₄⁺. Even when up-regulated, both the HATS and the LATS displayed a limited capacity, as compared with that usually found in herbaceous species. The use of various metabolic uncouplers or inhibitors indicated that 15NH4+ influx mediated by the HATS is strongly dependent on energy metabolism and H transmembrane electrochemical gradient. By contrast, the LATS is not affected by protonophores or inhibitors of the H⁺-ATPase, suggesting that its activity is mostly driven by the NH₄⁺/NH₃ transmembrane gradient. In agreement with these hypotheses, the HATS-mediated 15NH4+ influx was strongly inhibited when the solution pH was raised from 4 to 7, whereas influx mediated by the LATS was slightly stimulated.
CC :	002A10C; 002A32E05C
FD :	Caractérisation; Régulation; Transport biologique; Marquage isotopique; Protéine transport; Site haute affinité; Absorption; Site faible affinité; Nutrition; Ammonium; Nitrate; Proton; Déficit; Métabolisme énergétique; Gradient proton; Gradient concentration; Racine; Citrus sinensis Poncirus trifoliata; Azote 15
FG :	Agrume; Rutaceae; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Elément minéral; Nutriment; Traceur; Azote Isotope
ED :	Characterization; Regulation(control); Biological transport; Isotope labelling; Carrier protein; High affinity site; Absorption; Low affinity site; Nutrition; Ammonium; Nitrates; Proton; Deficiency; Energy metabolism; Proton gradient; Concentration gradient; Root
EG :	Citrus fruit; Rutaceae; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Inorganic element; Nutrient; Tracers; Nitrogen Isotopes
SD :	Caracterización; Regulación; Transporte biológico; Marcación isotópica; Proteína transportador; Sitio alta afinidad; Absorción; Sitio debil afinidad; Nutrición; Amonio; Nitrato; Protón; Déficiencia; Metabolismo energético; Gradiente protón; Gradiente concentración; Raíz
LO :	INIST-916.354000102199970120
ID :	02-0149830

Links to Exploration step

Pascal:02-0149830

Le document en format XML

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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">We have investigated both the kinetics and regulation of <sup>15</sup>
NH<sup>4+</sup>
 influx in roots of 3-month-old hydroponically grown Citrus (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck x Poncirus trifoliata Blanco) seedlings. The <sup>15</sup>
NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
 influx is saturable below an external ammonium concentration of 1 mM, indicating the action of a high-affinity transport system (HATS). The HATS is under feedback repression by the N status of the plant, being downregulated in plants adequately supplied with N during growth, and up-regulated by N-starvation. When assayed between 1 and 50 mM [<sup>15</sup>
NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
]<sub>0</sub>
, the 15NH4+ influx showed a linear response typical of a low-affinity transport system (LATS). The activity of the LATS increased in plants supplied with NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
 as compared with plants grown on an N-free medium. Transfer of the plants to N-free solution resulted in a marked decrease in the LATS-mediated 15NH4+ influx. Accordingly, resupply of NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
 after N-starvation triggered a dramatic stimulation of the activity of the LATS. These data provide evidence that in Citrus plants, the LATS or at least one of its components is inducible by NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
. Even when up-regulated, both the HATS and the LATS displayed a limited capacity, as compared with that usually found in herbaceous species. The use of various metabolic uncouplers or inhibitors indicated that 15NH4+ influx mediated by the HATS is strongly dependent on energy metabolism and H transmembrane electrochemical gradient. By contrast, the LATS is not affected by protonophores or inhibitors of the H<sup>+</sup>
-ATPase, suggesting that its activity is mostly driven by the NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
/NH<sub>3</sub>
 transmembrane gradient. In agreement with these hypotheses, the HATS-mediated 15NH4+ influx was strongly inhibited when the solution pH was raised from 4 to 7, whereas influx mediated by the LATS was slightly stimulated.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
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<fA06><s2>1</s2>
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<fA08 i1="01" i2="1" l="ENG"><s1>Characterization and regulation of ammonium transport systems in Citrus plants</s1>
</fA08>
<fA11 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>CEREZO (M.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="02" i2="1"><s1>TILLARD (P.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="03" i2="1"><s1>GOJON (A.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="04" i2="1"><s1>PRIMO-MILLO (E.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="05" i2="1"><s1>GARCIA-AGUSTIN (P.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA14 i1="01"><s1>Unidad de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Expérimentales, Escuela Superior de Tecnología y Ciencias Experimentales, Universitat Jaume I</s1>
<s2>12071 Castellón</s2>
<s3>ESP</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="02"><s1>Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des plantes, UMR 5004, Agro-M, CNRS, INRA, UM2, Place Viala</s1>
<s2>34060 Montpellier</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="03"><s1>Departamento de Citricultura, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Apartado Oficial</s1>
<s2>46113 Moncada Valencia</s2>
<s3>ESP</s3>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA20><s1>97-105</s1>
</fA20>
<fA21><s1>2001</s1>
</fA21>
<fA23 i1="01"><s0>ENG</s0>
</fA23>
<fA43 i1="01"><s1>INIST</s1>
<s2>916</s2>
<s5>354000102199970120</s5>
</fA43>
<fA44><s0>0000</s0>
<s1>© 2002 INIST-CNRS. All rights reserved.</s1>
</fA44>
<fA45><s0>33 ref.</s0>
</fA45>
<fA47 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>02-0149830</s0>
</fA47>
<fA60><s1>P</s1>
</fA60>
<fA61><s0>A</s0>
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<fA64 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>Planta</s0>
</fA64>
<fA66 i1="01"><s0>DEU</s0>
</fA66>
<fC01 i1="01" l="ENG"><s0>We have investigated both the kinetics and regulation of <sup>15</sup>
NH<sup>4+</sup>
 influx in roots of 3-month-old hydroponically grown Citrus (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck x Poncirus trifoliata Blanco) seedlings. The <sup>15</sup>
NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
 influx is saturable below an external ammonium concentration of 1 mM, indicating the action of a high-affinity transport system (HATS). The HATS is under feedback repression by the N status of the plant, being downregulated in plants adequately supplied with N during growth, and up-regulated by N-starvation. When assayed between 1 and 50 mM [<sup>15</sup>
NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
]<sub>0</sub>
, the 15NH4+ influx showed a linear response typical of a low-affinity transport system (LATS). The activity of the LATS increased in plants supplied with NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
 as compared with plants grown on an N-free medium. Transfer of the plants to N-free solution resulted in a marked decrease in the LATS-mediated 15NH4+ influx. Accordingly, resupply of NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
 after N-starvation triggered a dramatic stimulation of the activity of the LATS. These data provide evidence that in Citrus plants, the LATS or at least one of its components is inducible by NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
. Even when up-regulated, both the HATS and the LATS displayed a limited capacity, as compared with that usually found in herbaceous species. The use of various metabolic uncouplers or inhibitors indicated that 15NH4+ influx mediated by the HATS is strongly dependent on energy metabolism and H transmembrane electrochemical gradient. By contrast, the LATS is not affected by protonophores or inhibitors of the H<sup>+</sup>
-ATPase, suggesting that its activity is mostly driven by the NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
/NH<sub>3</sub>
 transmembrane gradient. In agreement with these hypotheses, the HATS-mediated 15NH4+ influx was strongly inhibited when the solution pH was raised from 4 to 7, whereas influx mediated by the LATS was slightly stimulated.</s0>
</fC01>
<fC02 i1="01" i2="X"><s0>002A10C</s0>
</fC02>
<fC02 i1="02" i2="X"><s0>002A32E05C</s0>
</fC02>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Caractérisation</s0>
<s5>01</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Characterization</s0>
<s5>01</s5>
</fC03>
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<s5>01</s5>
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<s5>04</s5>
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<s5>04</s5>
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<fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Protéine transport</s0>
<s5>05</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Carrier protein</s0>
<s5>05</s5>
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<fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Proteína transportador</s0>
<s5>05</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Site haute affinité</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>High affinity site</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Sitio alta afinidad</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
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<s5>07</s5>
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<s5>07</s5>
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<s5>07</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Site faible affinité</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Low affinity site</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Sitio debil afinidad</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
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<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
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<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Nutrición</s0>
<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Ammonium</s0>
<s2>NC</s2>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Ammonium</s0>
<s2>NC</s2>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Amonio</s0>
<s2>NC</s2>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Nitrate</s0>
<s2>NA</s2>
<s2>FX</s2>
<s5>16</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Nitrates</s0>
<s2>NA</s2>
<s2>FX</s2>
<s5>16</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Nitrato</s0>
<s2>NA</s2>
<s2>FX</s2>
<s5>16</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Proton</s0>
<s5>18</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Proton</s0>
<s5>18</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Protón</s0>
<s5>18</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Déficit</s0>
<s5>33</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Deficiency</s0>
<s5>33</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Déficiencia</s0>
<s5>33</s5>
</fC03>
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<s5>34</s5>
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<s5>34</s5>
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<s5>35</s5>
</fC03>
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<s5>35</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Gradiente protón</s0>
<s5>35</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="16" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Gradient concentration</s0>
<s5>36</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="16" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Concentration gradient</s0>
<s5>36</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="16" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Gradiente concentración</s0>
<s5>36</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="17" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Racine</s0>
<s5>37</s5>
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<fC03 i1="17" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Root</s0>
<s5>37</s5>
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<fC03 i1="17" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Raíz</s0>
<s5>37</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="18" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Citrus sinensis  Poncirus trifoliata</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s4>INC</s4>
<s5>77</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="19" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Azote 15</s0>
<s2>FF</s2>
<s4>INC</s4>
<s5>81</s5>
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<fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Agrume</s0>
<s5>39</s5>
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<s5>39</s5>
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<fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Rutaceae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>40</s5>
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<fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Rutaceae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>40</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Rutaceae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>40</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Dicotyledones</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Dicotyledones</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
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<fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Dicotyledones</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
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<fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Angiospermae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
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<fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Angiospermae</s0>
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<fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Angiospermae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Spermatophyta</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Spermatophyta</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Spermatophyta</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Elément minéral</s0>
<s5>50</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Inorganic element</s0>
<s5>50</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Elemento inorgánico</s0>
<s5>50</s5>
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<s5>51</s5>
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<s5>51</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Nutriente</s0>
<s5>51</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Traceur</s0>
<s5>53</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Tracers</s0>
<s5>53</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Trazador</s0>
<s5>53</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Azote Isotope</s0>
<s2>NC</s2>
<s2>NA</s2>
<s5>54</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Nitrogen Isotopes</s0>
<s2>NC</s2>
<s2>NA</s2>
<s5>54</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Nitrógeno Isótopo</s0>
<s2>NC</s2>
<s2>NA</s2>
<s5>54</s5>
</fC07>
<fN21><s1>084</s1>
</fN21>
<fN82><s1>PSI</s1>
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<server><NO>PASCAL 02-0149830 INIST</NO>
<ET>Characterization and regulation of ammonium transport systems in Citrus plants</ET>
<AU>CEREZO (M.); TILLARD (P.); GOJON (A.); PRIMO-MILLO (E.); GARCIA-AGUSTIN (P.)</AU>
<AF>Unidad de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Expérimentales, Escuela Superior de Tecnología y Ciencias Experimentales, Universitat Jaume I/12071 Castellón/Espagne (1 aut., 5 aut.); Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des plantes, UMR 5004, Agro-M, CNRS, INRA, UM2, Place Viala/34060 Montpellier/France (2 aut., 3 aut.); Departamento de Citricultura, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Apartado Oficial/46113 Moncada Valencia/Espagne (4 aut.)</AF>
<DT>Publication en série; Niveau analytique</DT>
<SO>Planta; ISSN 0032-0935; Coden PLANAB; Allemagne; Da. 2001; Vol. 214; No. 1; Pp. 97-105; Bibl. 33 ref.</SO>
<LA>Anglais</LA>
<EA>We have investigated both the kinetics and regulation of <sup>15</sup>
NH<sup>4+</sup>
 influx in roots of 3-month-old hydroponically grown Citrus (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck x Poncirus trifoliata Blanco) seedlings. The <sup>15</sup>
NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
 influx is saturable below an external ammonium concentration of 1 mM, indicating the action of a high-affinity transport system (HATS). The HATS is under feedback repression by the N status of the plant, being downregulated in plants adequately supplied with N during growth, and up-regulated by N-starvation. When assayed between 1 and 50 mM [<sup>15</sup>
NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
]<sub>0</sub>
, the 15NH4+ influx showed a linear response typical of a low-affinity transport system (LATS). The activity of the LATS increased in plants supplied with NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
 as compared with plants grown on an N-free medium. Transfer of the plants to N-free solution resulted in a marked decrease in the LATS-mediated 15NH4+ influx. Accordingly, resupply of NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
 after N-starvation triggered a dramatic stimulation of the activity of the LATS. These data provide evidence that in Citrus plants, the LATS or at least one of its components is inducible by NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
. Even when up-regulated, both the HATS and the LATS displayed a limited capacity, as compared with that usually found in herbaceous species. The use of various metabolic uncouplers or inhibitors indicated that 15NH4+ influx mediated by the HATS is strongly dependent on energy metabolism and H transmembrane electrochemical gradient. By contrast, the LATS is not affected by protonophores or inhibitors of the H<sup>+</sup>
-ATPase, suggesting that its activity is mostly driven by the NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
/NH<sub>3</sub>
 transmembrane gradient. In agreement with these hypotheses, the HATS-mediated 15NH4+ influx was strongly inhibited when the solution pH was raised from 4 to 7, whereas influx mediated by the LATS was slightly stimulated.</EA>
<CC>002A10C; 002A32E05C</CC>
<FD>Caractérisation; Régulation; Transport biologique; Marquage isotopique; Protéine transport; Site haute affinité; Absorption; Site faible affinité; Nutrition; Ammonium; Nitrate; Proton; Déficit; Métabolisme énergétique; Gradient proton; Gradient concentration; Racine; Citrus sinensis  Poncirus trifoliata; Azote 15</FD>
<FG>Agrume; Rutaceae; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Elément minéral; Nutriment; Traceur; Azote Isotope</FG>
<ED>Characterization; Regulation(control); Biological transport; Isotope labelling; Carrier protein; High affinity site; Absorption; Low affinity site; Nutrition; Ammonium; Nitrates; Proton; Deficiency; Energy metabolism; Proton gradient; Concentration gradient; Root</ED>
<EG>Citrus fruit; Rutaceae; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Inorganic element; Nutrient; Tracers; Nitrogen Isotopes</EG>
<SD>Caracterización; Regulación; Transporte biológico; Marcación isotópica; Proteína transportador; Sitio alta afinidad; Absorción; Sitio debil afinidad; Nutrición; Amonio; Nitrato; Protón; Déficiencia; Metabolismo energético; Gradiente protón; Gradiente concentración; Raíz</SD>
<LO>INIST-916.354000102199970120</LO>
<ID>02-0149830</ID>
</server>
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Characterization and regulation of ammonium transport systems in Citrus plants

Characterization and regulation of ammonium transport systems in Citrus plants

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