Increased growth of young citrus trees under reduced radiation load in a semi-arid climate
Identifieur interne : 000787 ( PascalFrancis/Corpus ); précédent : 000786; suivant : 000788Increased growth of young citrus trees under reduced radiation load in a semi-arid climate
Auteurs : E. Raveh ; S. Cohen ; T. Raz ; D. Yakir ; A. Grava ; E. E. GoldschmidtSource :
- Journal of Experimental Botany [ 0022-0957 ] ; 2003.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- Croissance, Climat, Lumière, Stade juvénile plante, Ombrage(environnement), Conductance stomatique, Poids sec, Partie aérienne végétal, Partie souterraine végétal, Carbone dioxyde, Amidon, Israël, Culture protégée, Photosynthèse, Hauteur plante, Allocation ressource, Discrimination isotopique carbone, Citrus reticulata Citrus sinensis.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of radiation heat-load reduction by shading on the growth and development of citrus trees in a warm subtropical region. The experiment was conducted from mid-June until late October when daily maximal air temperature averaged 29.3 °C. Two-year-old de-fruited Murcott tangor (Citrus reticulata Blanco × Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.) trees were grown under 30% or 60% shade tunnels, or 60% flat shade (providing midday shade only), using highly reflective aluminized nets. Non-shaded trees were used as the control. Shading reduced direct more than diffuse radiation. Daily radiation was reduced by 35% for the 30% Tunnel and 60% Flat treatments, and by 55% for the 60% Tunnel. Two days of intensive measurement showed that shading increased average sunlit leaf conductance by 44% and photosynthesis by 29%. Shading did not significantly influence root and stem dry weight growth, but it increased the increment in leaf dry weight during the three month period by an average of 28% relative to the control, while final tree height in the 30% Tunnel treatment exceeded the control by 35%. Shoot to root and shoot mass ratios increased and root mass ratio decreased due to shading because of the increase in leaf dry weight. Shading increased starch concentration in leaves while the shadiest treatment, 60% Tunnel, decreased starch concentration in the roots. Carbon isotope ratio (δ13C) of exposed leaves that developed under shading was significantly reduced by 1.9%o in the 60% Tunnel, indicating that shading increased CO2 concentrations at the chloroplasts (Cc), as would be expected from increased conductance. Substomatal CO2 concentrations, C1, computed from leaf net CO2 assimilation rate and conductance values, also indicate that shading increases internal CO2 concentrations. Based on tree dry mass, tree height, and total carbohydrates fractions, the 30% Tunnel and the 60% Flat were the optimal shade treatments.
Notice en format standard (ISO 2709)
Pour connaître la documentation sur le format Inist Standard.
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Format Inist (serveur)
NO : | PASCAL 03-0102057 INIST |
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ET : | Increased growth of young citrus trees under reduced radiation load in a semi-arid climate |
AU : | RAVEH (E.); COHEN (S.); RAZ (T.); YAKIR (D.); GRAVA (A.); GOLDSCHMIDT (E. E.) |
AF : | Institute of Horticulture, ARO Volcani Center, POB 6/Bet Dagan 50250/Israël (1 aut.); Department of Environmental Physics and Irrigation, Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, ARO Volcani Center, POB 6/Bet Dagan 50250/Israël (2 aut., 5 aut.); The Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem/Rehovot 76100/Israël (3 aut., 6 aut.); Department of Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Inst. of Science/Rehovot 76100/Israël (4 aut.) |
DT : | Publication en série; Papier de recherche; Niveau analytique |
SO : | Journal of Experimental Botany; ISSN 0022-0957; Coden JEBOA6; Royaume-Uni; Da. 2003; Vol. 54; No. 381; Pp. 365-373; Bibl. 36 ref. |
LA : | Anglais |
EA : | This study investigated the effects of radiation heat-load reduction by shading on the growth and development of citrus trees in a warm subtropical region. The experiment was conducted from mid-June until late October when daily maximal air temperature averaged 29.3 °C. Two-year-old de-fruited Murcott tangor (Citrus reticulata Blanco × Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.) trees were grown under 30% or 60% shade tunnels, or 60% flat shade (providing midday shade only), using highly reflective aluminized nets. Non-shaded trees were used as the control. Shading reduced direct more than diffuse radiation. Daily radiation was reduced by 35% for the 30% Tunnel and 60% Flat treatments, and by 55% for the 60% Tunnel. Two days of intensive measurement showed that shading increased average sunlit leaf conductance by 44% and photosynthesis by 29%. Shading did not significantly influence root and stem dry weight growth, but it increased the increment in leaf dry weight during the three month period by an average of 28% relative to the control, while final tree height in the 30% Tunnel treatment exceeded the control by 35%. Shoot to root and shoot mass ratios increased and root mass ratio decreased due to shading because of the increase in leaf dry weight. Shading increased starch concentration in leaves while the shadiest treatment, 60% Tunnel, decreased starch concentration in the roots. Carbon isotope ratio (δ13C) of exposed leaves that developed under shading was significantly reduced by 1.9%o in the 60% Tunnel, indicating that shading increased CO2 concentrations at the chloroplasts (Cc), as would be expected from increased conductance. Substomatal CO2 concentrations, C1, computed from leaf net CO2 assimilation rate and conductance values, also indicate that shading increases internal CO2 concentrations. Based on tree dry mass, tree height, and total carbohydrates fractions, the 30% Tunnel and the 60% Flat were the optimal shade treatments. |
CC : | 002A32C06B |
FD : | Croissance; Climat; Lumière; Stade juvénile plante; Ombrage(environnement); Conductance stomatique; Poids sec; Partie aérienne végétal; Partie souterraine végétal; Carbone dioxyde; Amidon; Israël; Culture protégée; Photosynthèse; Hauteur plante; Allocation ressource; Discrimination isotopique carbone; Citrus reticulata Citrus sinensis |
FG : | Asie; Facteur photique; Facteur milieu; Agrume; Rutaceae; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Glucide réserve; Zone semi aride |
ED : | Growth; Climate; Light; Plant juvenile growth stage; Shading; Stomatal conductance; Dry weight; Above ground plant part; Below ground plant part; Carbon dioxide; Starch; Israel; Protected cultivation; Photosynthesis; Plant height; Resource allocation; Carbon isotope discrimination |
EG : | Asia; Light effect; Environmental factor; Citrus fruit; Rutaceae; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Storage carbohydrate; Semi arid zone |
SD : | Crecimiento; Clima; Luz; Estado juvenil planta; Sombrajo; Conductancia estomática; Peso seco; Parte aérea vegetal; Parte subterránea vegetal; Carbono dióxido; Almidón; Israel; Cultivo protegido(invernadero); Fotosíntesis; Altura planta; Asignación recurso; Discriminación isotópica carbono |
LO : | INIST-6923.354000107257120210 |
ID : | 03-0102057 |
Links to Exploration step
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">This study investigated the effects of radiation heat-load reduction by shading on the growth and development of citrus trees in a warm subtropical region. The experiment was conducted from mid-June until late October when daily maximal air temperature averaged 29.3 °C. Two-year-old de-fruited Murcott tangor (Citrus reticulata Blanco × Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.) trees were grown under 30% or 60% shade tunnels, or 60% flat shade (providing midday shade only), using highly reflective aluminized nets. Non-shaded trees were used as the control. Shading reduced direct more than diffuse radiation. Daily radiation was reduced by 35% for the 30% Tunnel and 60% Flat treatments, and by 55% for the 60% Tunnel. Two days of intensive measurement showed that shading increased average sunlit leaf conductance by 44% and photosynthesis by 29%. Shading did not significantly influence root and stem dry weight growth, but it increased the increment in leaf dry weight during the three month period by an average of 28% relative to the control, while final tree height in the 30% Tunnel treatment exceeded the control by 35%. Shoot to root and shoot mass ratios increased and root mass ratio decreased due to shading because of the increase in leaf dry weight. Shading increased starch concentration in leaves while the shadiest treatment, 60% Tunnel, decreased starch concentration in the roots. Carbon isotope ratio (δ<sup>13</sup>
C) of exposed leaves that developed under shading was significantly reduced by 1.9%o in the 60% Tunnel, indicating that shading increased CO<sub>2</sub>
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, computed from leaf net CO<sub>2</sub>
assimilation rate and conductance values, also indicate that shading increases internal CO<sub>2</sub>
concentrations. Based on tree dry mass, tree height, and total carbohydrates fractions, the 30% Tunnel and the 60% Flat were the optimal shade treatments.</div>
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<fC01 i1="01" l="ENG"><s0>This study investigated the effects of radiation heat-load reduction by shading on the growth and development of citrus trees in a warm subtropical region. The experiment was conducted from mid-June until late October when daily maximal air temperature averaged 29.3 °C. Two-year-old de-fruited Murcott tangor (Citrus reticulata Blanco × Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.) trees were grown under 30% or 60% shade tunnels, or 60% flat shade (providing midday shade only), using highly reflective aluminized nets. Non-shaded trees were used as the control. Shading reduced direct more than diffuse radiation. Daily radiation was reduced by 35% for the 30% Tunnel and 60% Flat treatments, and by 55% for the 60% Tunnel. Two days of intensive measurement showed that shading increased average sunlit leaf conductance by 44% and photosynthesis by 29%. Shading did not significantly influence root and stem dry weight growth, but it increased the increment in leaf dry weight during the three month period by an average of 28% relative to the control, while final tree height in the 30% Tunnel treatment exceeded the control by 35%. Shoot to root and shoot mass ratios increased and root mass ratio decreased due to shading because of the increase in leaf dry weight. Shading increased starch concentration in leaves while the shadiest treatment, 60% Tunnel, decreased starch concentration in the roots. Carbon isotope ratio (δ<sup>13</sup>
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concentrations at the chloroplasts (C<sub>c</sub>
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concentrations, C<sub>1</sub>
, computed from leaf net CO<sub>2</sub>
assimilation rate and conductance values, also indicate that shading increases internal CO<sub>2</sub>
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<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Partie souterraine végétal</s0>
<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Below ground plant part</s0>
<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Parte subterránea vegetal</s0>
<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Carbone dioxyde</s0>
<s2>NK</s2>
<s2>FX</s2>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Carbon dioxide</s0>
<s2>NK</s2>
<s2>FX</s2>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Carbono dióxido</s0>
<s2>NK</s2>
<s2>FX</s2>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Amidon</s0>
<s5>16</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Starch</s0>
<s5>16</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Almidón</s0>
<s5>16</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Israël</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
<s5>20</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Israel</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
<s5>20</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Israel</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
<s5>20</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Culture protégée</s0>
<s5>27</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Protected cultivation</s0>
<s5>27</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Cultivo protegido(invernadero)</s0>
<s5>27</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Photosynthèse</s0>
<s5>35</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Photosynthesis</s0>
<s5>35</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Fotosíntesis</s0>
<s5>35</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Hauteur plante</s0>
<s5>36</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Plant height</s0>
<s5>36</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Altura planta</s0>
<s5>36</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="16" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Allocation ressource</s0>
<s5>37</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="16" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Resource allocation</s0>
<s5>37</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="16" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Asignación recurso</s0>
<s5>37</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="17" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Discrimination isotopique carbone</s0>
<s5>38</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="17" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Carbon isotope discrimination</s0>
<s5>38</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="17" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Discriminación isotópica carbono</s0>
<s5>38</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="18" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Citrus reticulata Citrus sinensis</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s4>INC</s4>
<s5>77</s5>
</fC03>
<fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Asie</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Asia</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Asia</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Facteur photique</s0>
<s5>33</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Light effect</s0>
<s5>33</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Factor fótico</s0>
<s5>33</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Facteur milieu</s0>
<s5>34</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Environmental factor</s0>
<s5>34</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Factor medio</s0>
<s5>34</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Agrume</s0>
<s5>39</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Citrus fruit</s0>
<s5>39</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Agrios</s0>
<s5>39</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Rutaceae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>40</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Rutaceae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>40</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Rutaceae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>40</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Dicotyledones</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Dicotyledones</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Dicotyledones</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Angiospermae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Angiospermae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Angiospermae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Spermatophyta</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Spermatophyta</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Spermatophyta</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Glucide réserve</s0>
<s5>50</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Storage carbohydrate</s0>
<s5>50</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Glúcido reserva</s0>
<s5>50</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="10" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Zone semi aride</s0>
<s5>59</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="10" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Semi arid zone</s0>
<s5>59</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="10" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Zona semiárida</s0>
<s5>59</s5>
</fC07>
<fN21><s1>055</s1>
</fN21>
<fN82><s1>PSI</s1>
</fN82>
</pA>
</standard>
<server><NO>PASCAL 03-0102057 INIST</NO>
<ET>Increased growth of young citrus trees under reduced radiation load in a semi-arid climate</ET>
<AU>RAVEH (E.); COHEN (S.); RAZ (T.); YAKIR (D.); GRAVA (A.); GOLDSCHMIDT (E. E.)</AU>
<AF>Institute of Horticulture, ARO Volcani Center, POB 6/Bet Dagan 50250/Israël (1 aut.); Department of Environmental Physics and Irrigation, Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, ARO Volcani Center, POB 6/Bet Dagan 50250/Israël (2 aut., 5 aut.); The Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem/Rehovot 76100/Israël (3 aut., 6 aut.); Department of Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Inst. of Science/Rehovot 76100/Israël (4 aut.)</AF>
<DT>Publication en série; Papier de recherche; Niveau analytique</DT>
<SO>Journal of Experimental Botany; ISSN 0022-0957; Coden JEBOA6; Royaume-Uni; Da. 2003; Vol. 54; No. 381; Pp. 365-373; Bibl. 36 ref.</SO>
<LA>Anglais</LA>
<EA>This study investigated the effects of radiation heat-load reduction by shading on the growth and development of citrus trees in a warm subtropical region. The experiment was conducted from mid-June until late October when daily maximal air temperature averaged 29.3 °C. Two-year-old de-fruited Murcott tangor (Citrus reticulata Blanco × Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.) trees were grown under 30% or 60% shade tunnels, or 60% flat shade (providing midday shade only), using highly reflective aluminized nets. Non-shaded trees were used as the control. Shading reduced direct more than diffuse radiation. Daily radiation was reduced by 35% for the 30% Tunnel and 60% Flat treatments, and by 55% for the 60% Tunnel. Two days of intensive measurement showed that shading increased average sunlit leaf conductance by 44% and photosynthesis by 29%. Shading did not significantly influence root and stem dry weight growth, but it increased the increment in leaf dry weight during the three month period by an average of 28% relative to the control, while final tree height in the 30% Tunnel treatment exceeded the control by 35%. Shoot to root and shoot mass ratios increased and root mass ratio decreased due to shading because of the increase in leaf dry weight. Shading increased starch concentration in leaves while the shadiest treatment, 60% Tunnel, decreased starch concentration in the roots. Carbon isotope ratio (δ<sup>13</sup>
C) of exposed leaves that developed under shading was significantly reduced by 1.9%o in the 60% Tunnel, indicating that shading increased CO<sub>2</sub>
concentrations at the chloroplasts (C<sub>c</sub>
), as would be expected from increased conductance. Substomatal CO<sub>2</sub>
concentrations, C<sub>1</sub>
, computed from leaf net CO<sub>2</sub>
assimilation rate and conductance values, also indicate that shading increases internal CO<sub>2</sub>
concentrations. Based on tree dry mass, tree height, and total carbohydrates fractions, the 30% Tunnel and the 60% Flat were the optimal shade treatments.</EA>
<CC>002A32C06B</CC>
<FD>Croissance; Climat; Lumière; Stade juvénile plante; Ombrage(environnement); Conductance stomatique; Poids sec; Partie aérienne végétal; Partie souterraine végétal; Carbone dioxyde; Amidon; Israël; Culture protégée; Photosynthèse; Hauteur plante; Allocation ressource; Discrimination isotopique carbone; Citrus reticulata Citrus sinensis</FD>
<FG>Asie; Facteur photique; Facteur milieu; Agrume; Rutaceae; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Glucide réserve; Zone semi aride</FG>
<ED>Growth; Climate; Light; Plant juvenile growth stage; Shading; Stomatal conductance; Dry weight; Above ground plant part; Below ground plant part; Carbon dioxide; Starch; Israel; Protected cultivation; Photosynthesis; Plant height; Resource allocation; Carbon isotope discrimination</ED>
<EG>Asia; Light effect; Environmental factor; Citrus fruit; Rutaceae; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Storage carbohydrate; Semi arid zone</EG>
<SD>Crecimiento; Clima; Luz; Estado juvenil planta; Sombrajo; Conductancia estomática; Peso seco; Parte aérea vegetal; Parte subterránea vegetal; Carbono dióxido; Almidón; Israel; Cultivo protegido(invernadero); Fotosíntesis; Altura planta; Asignación recurso; Discriminación isotópica carbono</SD>
<LO>INIST-6923.354000107257120210</LO>
<ID>03-0102057</ID>
</server>
</inist>
</record>
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