OrangerV1, PascalFrancis, Corpus, bibRecord, 000348

Response of Young and Maturing Citrus Trees Grown on a Sandy Soil to Irrigation Scheduling, Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate, and Nitrogen Application Method

Identifieur interne : 000348 ( PascalFrancis/Corpus ); précédent : 000347; suivant : 000349

Response of Young and Maturing Citrus Trees Grown on a Sandy Soil to Irrigation Scheduling, Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate, and Nitrogen Application Method

Auteurs : Kelly T. Morgan ; T. Adair Wheaton ; William S. Castle ; Laurence R. Parsons

Source :

HortScience [ 0018-5345 ] ; 2009.

RBID : Pascal:09-0092546

Descripteurs français

Pascal (Inist)
- Réponse, Maturation, Arbre fruitier, Irrigation fertilisante, Fertilisation azotée, Méthode, Nutrition, Engrais action lente, Horticulture, Agrume, Rutaceae, Citrus sinensis, Engrais azoté, Floride, Sol sableux, Entisol, Zone subtropicale, Texture, <<>>, Calendrier des irrigations, Dose d'application.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Application rates, Citrus fruit, Citrus sinensis, Entisols, Fertigation, Florida, Fruit tree, Horticulture, Irrigation scheduling, Method, Nitrogen fertilization, Nitrogen fertilizer, Nutrition, Response, Ripening, Rutaceae, Sandy soil, Slow releasing fertilizer, Subtropical zone, Texture.

Abstract

This study examined the effect of irrigation rates, nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates, and methods of applying N on growth and productivity of young (3 to 5 years old) and maturing (8 to 10 years old) citrus trees. A long-term study was conducted with the following objectives: 1) to measure the main effects of N rate, N application method, and irrigation on citrus tree growth and production from planting to maturity; 2) to establish growth and production relationships for long-term N rates and irrigation on well-drained sandy Entisols; and 3) to determine the effect of split fertilizer applications at two soil moisture regimes on citrus growth and production for two tree age classes as trees mature. Irrigation was applied using two selected ranges of soil moisture tensions and annual N rate varied by tree age as percentages of recommended. Methods of applying N included a dry granular fertilizer (DGF) containing soluble N applied four times annually or a controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) applied once per year and fertigation applied either four (FG04) or 30 (FG30) times annually. Canopy size and yield were higher with the moderate irrigation rate compared with the low rate for both young and maturing trees. Critical N rates for both canopy volume and yield were between 178 and 200 kg.ha^-1. The CRF and FG30 treatments produced larger trees and higher yields compared with FG04 and DGF in the young tree study, indicating that younger trees benefitted from frequent split fertilizer applications. As the trees matured and filled their allocated space, the two irrigation rates were continued and N was applied at six rates using either DGF or FG30. For these 8- to 10-year-old trees, critical values of N application rates were 210 and 204 kg.ha^-1 for DGF and FG30, respectively. The absence of a significant interaction between N rate and application method indicated that N uptake efficiency was similar for all application methods tested. DGF and FG30 treatments resulted in similar maturing tree yields and fruit total soluble solids. Canopy volumes, for the same trees, were significantly greater all 3 years with the FG30 treatment compared with DGF. Thus, if increase in tree size is desired, increased number of split applications will likely promote tree growth; however, little increase in fruit yield may be obtained.

Notice en format standard (ISO 2709)

Pour connaître la documentation sur le format Inist Standard.

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Format Inist (serveur)

NO :	PASCAL 09-0092546 INIST
ET :	Response of Young and Maturing Citrus Trees Grown on a Sandy Soil to Irrigation Scheduling, Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate, and Nitrogen Application Method
AU :	MORGAN (Kelly T.); ADAIR WHEATON (T.); CASTLE (William S.); PARSONS (Laurence R.)
AF :	Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Southwest Florida REC, 2686 Sr 29 N/Immokalee, FL 34142/Etats-Unis (1 aut.); Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Citrus REC, 700 Experiment Station Road/Lake Alfred, FL 33850/Etats-Unis (2 aut., 3 aut., 4 aut.)
DT :	Publication en série; Niveau analytique
SO :	HortScience; ISSN 0018-5345; Coden HJHSAR; Etats-Unis; Da. 2009; Vol. 44; No. 1; Pp. 145-150; Bibl. 1/4 p.
LA :	Anglais
EA :	This study examined the effect of irrigation rates, nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates, and methods of applying N on growth and productivity of young (3 to 5 years old) and maturing (8 to 10 years old) citrus trees. A long-term study was conducted with the following objectives: 1) to measure the main effects of N rate, N application method, and irrigation on citrus tree growth and production from planting to maturity; 2) to establish growth and production relationships for long-term N rates and irrigation on well-drained sandy Entisols; and 3) to determine the effect of split fertilizer applications at two soil moisture regimes on citrus growth and production for two tree age classes as trees mature. Irrigation was applied using two selected ranges of soil moisture tensions and annual N rate varied by tree age as percentages of recommended. Methods of applying N included a dry granular fertilizer (DGF) containing soluble N applied four times annually or a controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) applied once per year and fertigation applied either four (FG04) or 30 (FG30) times annually. Canopy size and yield were higher with the moderate irrigation rate compared with the low rate for both young and maturing trees. Critical N rates for both canopy volume and yield were between 178 and 200 kg.ha^-1. The CRF and FG30 treatments produced larger trees and higher yields compared with FG04 and DGF in the young tree study, indicating that younger trees benefitted from frequent split fertilizer applications. As the trees matured and filled their allocated space, the two irrigation rates were continued and N was applied at six rates using either DGF or FG30. For these 8- to 10-year-old trees, critical values of N application rates were 210 and 204 kg.ha^-1 for DGF and FG30, respectively. The absence of a significant interaction between N rate and application method indicated that N uptake efficiency was similar for all application methods tested. DGF and FG30 treatments resulted in similar maturing tree yields and fruit total soluble solids. Canopy volumes, for the same trees, were significantly greater all 3 years with the FG30 treatment compared with DGF. Thus, if increase in tree size is desired, increased number of split applications will likely promote tree growth; however, little increase in fruit yield may be obtained.
CC :	002A32C02C1
FD :	Réponse; Maturation; Arbre fruitier; Irrigation fertilisante; Fertilisation azotée; Méthode; Nutrition; Engrais action lente; Horticulture; Agrume; Rutaceae; Citrus sinensis; Engrais azoté; Floride; Sol sableux; Entisol; Zone subtropicale; Texture; <<>>; Calendrier des irrigations; Dose d'application
FG :	Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Etats-Unis; Amérique du Nord; Amérique; Sol minéral; Plante fruitière; Propriété physique; Type de sol textural; Etats du Sud Est (EU); Type de sol; Type de sol chimique; Etats du Sud (EU)
ED :	Response; Ripening; Fruit tree; Fertigation; Nitrogen fertilization; Method; Nutrition; Slow releasing fertilizer; Horticulture; Citrus fruit; Rutaceae; Citrus sinensis; Nitrogen fertilizer; Florida; Sandy soil; Entisols; Subtropical zone; Texture; Irrigation scheduling; Application rates
EG :	Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; United States; North America; America; Mineral soils; Fruit crop; Physical properties
SD :	Respuesta; Maduración; Arbol frutal; Riego fertilizante; Fertilización nitrogenada; Método; Nutrición; Abono acción lenta; Horticultura; Agrios; Rutaceae; Citrus sinensis; Fertilizante nitrogenado; Florida; Suelo arenoso; Entisols; Zona subtropical; Textura; Calendario de los riegos; Dosis de aplicación
LO :	INIST-13300.354000186415150300
ID :	09-0092546

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Le document en format XML

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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Application rates</term>
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<term>Response</term>
<term>Ripening</term>
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<keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Réponse</term>
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<term>Irrigation fertilisante</term>
<term>Fertilisation azotée</term>
<term>Méthode</term>
<term>Nutrition</term>
<term>Engrais action lente</term>
<term>Horticulture</term>
<term>Agrume</term>
<term>Rutaceae</term>
<term>Citrus sinensis</term>
<term>Engrais azoté</term>
<term>Floride</term>
<term>Sol sableux</term>
<term>Entisol</term>
<term>Zone subtropicale</term>
<term>Texture</term>
<term><<>></term>
<term>Calendrier des irrigations</term>
<term>Dose d'application</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">This study examined the effect of irrigation rates, nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates, and methods of applying N on growth and productivity of young (3 to 5 years old) and maturing (8 to 10 years old) citrus trees. A long-term study was conducted with the following objectives: 1) to measure the main effects of N rate, N application method, and irrigation on citrus tree growth and production from planting to maturity; 2) to establish growth and production relationships for long-term N rates and irrigation on well-drained sandy Entisols; and 3) to determine the effect of split fertilizer applications at two soil moisture regimes on citrus growth and production for two tree age classes as trees mature. Irrigation was applied using two selected ranges of soil moisture tensions and annual N rate varied by tree age as percentages of recommended. Methods of applying N included a dry granular fertilizer (DGF) containing soluble N applied four times annually or a controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) applied once per year and fertigation applied either four (FG04) or 30 (FG30) times annually. Canopy size and yield were higher with the moderate irrigation rate compared with the low rate for both young and maturing trees. Critical N rates for both canopy volume and yield were between 178 and 200 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>
. The CRF and FG30 treatments produced larger trees and higher yields compared with FG04 and DGF in the young tree study, indicating that younger trees benefitted from frequent split fertilizer applications. As the trees matured and filled their allocated space, the two irrigation rates were continued and N was applied at six rates using either DGF or FG30. For these 8- to 10-year-old trees, critical values of N application rates were 210 and 204 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>
 for DGF and FG30, respectively. The absence of a significant interaction between N rate and application method indicated that N uptake efficiency was similar for all application methods tested. DGF and FG30 treatments resulted in similar maturing tree yields and fruit total soluble solids. Canopy volumes, for the same trees, were significantly greater all 3 years with the FG30 treatment compared with DGF. Thus, if increase in tree size is desired, increased number of split applications will likely promote tree growth; however, little increase in fruit yield may be obtained.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<inist><standard h6="B"><pA><fA01 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>0018-5345</s0>
</fA01>
<fA02 i1="01"><s0>HJHSAR</s0>
</fA02>
<fA03 i2="1"><s0>HortScience</s0>
</fA03>
<fA05><s2>44</s2>
</fA05>
<fA06><s2>1</s2>
</fA06>
<fA08 i1="01" i2="1" l="ENG"><s1>Response of Young and Maturing Citrus Trees Grown on a Sandy Soil to Irrigation Scheduling, Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate, and Nitrogen Application Method</s1>
</fA08>
<fA11 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>MORGAN (Kelly T.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="02" i2="1"><s1>ADAIR WHEATON (T.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="03" i2="1"><s1>CASTLE (William S.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="04" i2="1"><s1>PARSONS (Laurence R.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA14 i1="01"><s1>Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Southwest Florida REC, 2686 Sr 29 N</s1>
<s2>Immokalee, FL 34142</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="02"><s1>Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Citrus REC, 700 Experiment Station Road</s1>
<s2>Lake Alfred, FL 33850</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA20><s1>145-150</s1>
</fA20>
<fA21><s1>2009</s1>
</fA21>
<fA23 i1="01"><s0>ENG</s0>
</fA23>
<fA43 i1="01"><s1>INIST</s1>
<s2>13300</s2>
<s5>354000186415150300</s5>
</fA43>
<fA44><s0>0000</s0>
<s1>© 2009 INIST-CNRS. All rights reserved.</s1>
</fA44>
<fA45><s0>1/4 p.</s0>
</fA45>
<fA47 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>09-0092546</s0>
</fA47>
<fA60><s1>P</s1>
</fA60>
<fA61><s0>A</s0>
</fA61>
<fA64 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>HortScience</s0>
</fA64>
<fA66 i1="01"><s0>USA</s0>
</fA66>
<fC01 i1="01" l="ENG"><s0>This study examined the effect of irrigation rates, nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates, and methods of applying N on growth and productivity of young (3 to 5 years old) and maturing (8 to 10 years old) citrus trees. A long-term study was conducted with the following objectives: 1) to measure the main effects of N rate, N application method, and irrigation on citrus tree growth and production from planting to maturity; 2) to establish growth and production relationships for long-term N rates and irrigation on well-drained sandy Entisols; and 3) to determine the effect of split fertilizer applications at two soil moisture regimes on citrus growth and production for two tree age classes as trees mature. Irrigation was applied using two selected ranges of soil moisture tensions and annual N rate varied by tree age as percentages of recommended. Methods of applying N included a dry granular fertilizer (DGF) containing soluble N applied four times annually or a controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) applied once per year and fertigation applied either four (FG04) or 30 (FG30) times annually. Canopy size and yield were higher with the moderate irrigation rate compared with the low rate for both young and maturing trees. Critical N rates for both canopy volume and yield were between 178 and 200 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>
. The CRF and FG30 treatments produced larger trees and higher yields compared with FG04 and DGF in the young tree study, indicating that younger trees benefitted from frequent split fertilizer applications. As the trees matured and filled their allocated space, the two irrigation rates were continued and N was applied at six rates using either DGF or FG30. For these 8- to 10-year-old trees, critical values of N application rates were 210 and 204 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>
 for DGF and FG30, respectively. The absence of a significant interaction between N rate and application method indicated that N uptake efficiency was similar for all application methods tested. DGF and FG30 treatments resulted in similar maturing tree yields and fruit total soluble solids. Canopy volumes, for the same trees, were significantly greater all 3 years with the FG30 treatment compared with DGF. Thus, if increase in tree size is desired, increased number of split applications will likely promote tree growth; however, little increase in fruit yield may be obtained.</s0>
</fC01>
<fC02 i1="01" i2="X"><s0>002A32C02C1</s0>
</fC02>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Réponse</s0>
<s5>01</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Response</s0>
<s5>01</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Respuesta</s0>
<s5>01</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Maturation</s0>
<s5>02</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Ripening</s0>
<s5>02</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Maduración</s0>
<s5>02</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Arbre fruitier</s0>
<s5>03</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Fruit tree</s0>
<s5>03</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Arbol frutal</s0>
<s5>03</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Irrigation fertilisante</s0>
<s5>04</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Fertigation</s0>
<s5>04</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Riego fertilizante</s0>
<s5>04</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Fertilisation azotée</s0>
<s5>05</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Nitrogen fertilization</s0>
<s5>05</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Fertilización nitrogenada</s0>
<s5>05</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Méthode</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Method</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Método</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Nutrition</s0>
<s5>07</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Nutrition</s0>
<s5>07</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Nutrición</s0>
<s5>07</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Engrais action lente</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Slow releasing fertilizer</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Abono acción lenta</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Horticulture</s0>
<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Horticulture</s0>
<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Horticultura</s0>
<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Agrume</s0>
<s5>10</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Citrus fruit</s0>
<s5>10</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Agrios</s0>
<s5>10</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Rutaceae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>11</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Rutaceae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>11</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Rutaceae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>11</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Citrus sinensis</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>12</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Citrus sinensis</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>12</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Citrus sinensis</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>12</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Engrais azoté</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Nitrogen fertilizer</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Fertilizante nitrogenado</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Floride</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
<s5>20</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Florida</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
<s5>20</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Florida</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
<s5>20</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Sol sableux</s0>
<s2>NT</s2>
<s5>24</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Sandy soil</s0>
<s2>NT</s2>
<s5>24</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Suelo arenoso</s0>
<s2>NT</s2>
<s5>24</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="16" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Entisol</s0>
<s2>NT</s2>
<s5>25</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="16" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Entisols</s0>
<s2>NT</s2>
<s5>25</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="16" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Entisols</s0>
<s2>NT</s2>
<s5>25</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="17" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Zone subtropicale</s0>
<s5>28</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="17" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Subtropical zone</s0>
<s5>28</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="17" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Zona subtropical</s0>
<s5>28</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="18" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Texture</s0>
<s5>29</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="18" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Texture</s0>
<s5>29</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="18" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Textura</s0>
<s5>29</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="19" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0><<>></s0>
<s4>INC</s4>
<s5>68</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="20" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Calendrier des irrigations</s0>
<s4>CD</s4>
<s5>96</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="20" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Irrigation scheduling</s0>
<s4>CD</s4>
<s5>96</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="20" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Calendario de los riegos</s0>
<s4>CD</s4>
<s5>96</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="21" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Dose d'application</s0>
<s4>CD</s4>
<s5>97</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="21" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Application rates</s0>
<s4>CD</s4>
<s5>97</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="21" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Dosis de aplicación</s0>
<s4>CD</s4>
<s5>97</s5>
</fC03>
<fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Dicotyledones</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Dicotyledones</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Dicotyledones</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Angiospermae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Angiospermae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Angiospermae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Spermatophyta</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Spermatophyta</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Spermatophyta</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Etats-Unis</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>United States</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Estados Unidos</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Amérique du Nord</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>North America</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>America del norte</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Amérique</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>America</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>America</s0>
<s2>NG</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Sol minéral</s0>
<s2>NT</s2>
<s5>27</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Mineral soils</s0>
<s2>NT</s2>
<s5>27</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Suelo mineral</s0>
<s2>NT</s2>
<s5>27</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Plante fruitière</s0>
<s5>31</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Fruit crop</s0>
<s5>31</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Planta frutal</s0>
<s5>31</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Propriété physique</s0>
<s5>33</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Physical properties</s0>
<s5>33</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Propiedad física</s0>
<s5>33</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="10" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Type de sol textural</s0>
<s4>INC</s4>
<s5>69</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="11" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Etats du Sud Est (EU)</s0>
<s4>INC</s4>
<s5>70</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="12" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Type de sol</s0>
<s4>INC</s4>
<s5>71</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="13" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Type de sol chimique</s0>
<s4>INC</s4>
<s5>90</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="14" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Etats du Sud (EU)</s0>
<s4>INC</s4>
<s5>91</s5>
</fC07>
<fN21><s1>068</s1>
</fN21>
<fN44 i1="01"><s1>OTO</s1>
</fN44>
<fN82><s1>OTO</s1>
</fN82>
</pA>
</standard>
<server><NO>PASCAL 09-0092546 INIST</NO>
<ET>Response of Young and Maturing Citrus Trees Grown on a Sandy Soil to Irrigation Scheduling, Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate, and Nitrogen Application Method</ET>
<AU>MORGAN (Kelly T.); ADAIR WHEATON (T.); CASTLE (William S.); PARSONS (Laurence R.)</AU>
<AF>Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Southwest Florida REC, 2686 Sr 29 N/Immokalee, FL 34142/Etats-Unis (1 aut.); Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Citrus REC, 700 Experiment Station Road/Lake Alfred, FL 33850/Etats-Unis (2 aut., 3 aut., 4 aut.)</AF>
<DT>Publication en série; Niveau analytique</DT>
<SO>HortScience; ISSN 0018-5345; Coden HJHSAR; Etats-Unis; Da. 2009; Vol. 44; No. 1; Pp. 145-150; Bibl. 1/4 p.</SO>
<LA>Anglais</LA>
<EA>This study examined the effect of irrigation rates, nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates, and methods of applying N on growth and productivity of young (3 to 5 years old) and maturing (8 to 10 years old) citrus trees. A long-term study was conducted with the following objectives: 1) to measure the main effects of N rate, N application method, and irrigation on citrus tree growth and production from planting to maturity; 2) to establish growth and production relationships for long-term N rates and irrigation on well-drained sandy Entisols; and 3) to determine the effect of split fertilizer applications at two soil moisture regimes on citrus growth and production for two tree age classes as trees mature. Irrigation was applied using two selected ranges of soil moisture tensions and annual N rate varied by tree age as percentages of recommended. Methods of applying N included a dry granular fertilizer (DGF) containing soluble N applied four times annually or a controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) applied once per year and fertigation applied either four (FG04) or 30 (FG30) times annually. Canopy size and yield were higher with the moderate irrigation rate compared with the low rate for both young and maturing trees. Critical N rates for both canopy volume and yield were between 178 and 200 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>
. The CRF and FG30 treatments produced larger trees and higher yields compared with FG04 and DGF in the young tree study, indicating that younger trees benefitted from frequent split fertilizer applications. As the trees matured and filled their allocated space, the two irrigation rates were continued and N was applied at six rates using either DGF or FG30. For these 8- to 10-year-old trees, critical values of N application rates were 210 and 204 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>
 for DGF and FG30, respectively. The absence of a significant interaction between N rate and application method indicated that N uptake efficiency was similar for all application methods tested. DGF and FG30 treatments resulted in similar maturing tree yields and fruit total soluble solids. Canopy volumes, for the same trees, were significantly greater all 3 years with the FG30 treatment compared with DGF. Thus, if increase in tree size is desired, increased number of split applications will likely promote tree growth; however, little increase in fruit yield may be obtained.</EA>
<CC>002A32C02C1</CC>
<FD>Réponse; Maturation; Arbre fruitier; Irrigation fertilisante; Fertilisation azotée; Méthode; Nutrition; Engrais action lente; Horticulture; Agrume; Rutaceae; Citrus sinensis; Engrais azoté; Floride; Sol sableux; Entisol; Zone subtropicale; Texture; <<>>; Calendrier des irrigations; Dose d'application</FD>
<FG>Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Etats-Unis; Amérique du Nord; Amérique; Sol minéral; Plante fruitière; Propriété physique; Type de sol textural; Etats du Sud Est (EU); Type de sol; Type de sol chimique; Etats du Sud (EU)</FG>
<ED>Response; Ripening; Fruit tree; Fertigation; Nitrogen fertilization; Method; Nutrition; Slow releasing fertilizer; Horticulture; Citrus fruit; Rutaceae; Citrus sinensis; Nitrogen fertilizer; Florida; Sandy soil; Entisols; Subtropical zone; Texture; Irrigation scheduling; Application rates</ED>
<EG>Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; United States; North America; America; Mineral soils; Fruit crop; Physical properties</EG>
<SD>Respuesta; Maduración; Arbol frutal; Riego fertilizante; Fertilización nitrogenada; Método; Nutrición; Abono acción lenta; Horticultura; Agrios; Rutaceae; Citrus sinensis; Fertilizante nitrogenado; Florida; Suelo arenoso; Entisols; Zona subtropical; Textura; Calendario de los riegos; Dosis de aplicación</SD>
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<ID>09-0092546</ID>
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Response of Young and Maturing Citrus Trees Grown on a Sandy Soil to Irrigation Scheduling, Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate, and Nitrogen Application Method

Response of Young and Maturing Citrus Trees Grown on a Sandy Soil to Irrigation Scheduling, Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate, and Nitrogen Application Method

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