Interstock of 'Valencia' Orange Affects the Flooding Tolerance in 'Verna' Lemon Trees
Identifieur interne : 000121 ( PascalFrancis/Corpus ); précédent : 000120; suivant : 000122Interstock of 'Valencia' Orange Affects the Flooding Tolerance in 'Verna' Lemon Trees
Auteurs : Vicente Gimeno ; James P. Syvertsen ; Inma Simon ; Vicente Martinez ; Jose M. Camara-Zapata ; Manuel Nieves ; Francisco Garcia-SanchezSource :
- HortScience [ 0018-5345 ] ; 2012.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
Previous work on citrus trees has shown that an interstock, grafted between the rootstock and scion combination, not only can improve tree growth, longevity, fruit production, and quality, but also can increase salinity tolerance. This research was designed to evaluate flooding responses of 2-year-old 'Verna' lemon trees [Citrus limon (L.) Burm.; VL] either grafted on 'Sour' orange (C. aurantium L.; SO) rootstock without an interstock (VL/SO) or interstocked with 'Valencia' orange (C. sinensis Osbeck;VLN/SO) or with 'Castellano' orange (C. sinensis Osbeck; VL/C/SO). Well-watered and fertilized trees were grown under greenhouse conditions and half were flooded for 9 days. At the end of the flooded period, leaf water relations, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, mineral nutrition, organic solutes, and carbohydrate concentrations were measured. Leaf water potential (Ψw), relative water content (RWC), net CO2 assimilation rate (ACO2), and stomatal conductance (gs) were decreased by flooding in all the trees but the greatest decreases occurred in VL/V/SO. The Ci/Ca (leaf internal CO2 to ambient CO2 ratio), Fv/Fo (potential activity of PSII) and Fv/Fm (maximum quantum efficiency) ratios were similar in flooded and non-flooded VL/SO and VL/C/SO trees but were decreased in VL/V/SO trees by flooding. Regardless of interstock, flooding increased root calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn) concentration but decreased nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) concentration. Based on the leaf water relations, gas exchange, and chlorophyll parameters, 'Verna' lemon trees interstocked with 'Valencia' orange had the least flooding tolerance. Regardless of interstock, the detrimental effect of flooding in 'Verna' lemon trees was the leaf dehydration which decreased ACO2 as a result of non-stomatal factors. Lowered ACO2 did not decrease the leaf carbohydrate concentration. Flooding decreased root starch in all trees but more so in VL/V/SO trees. Sugars were decreased by flooding in roots of interstocked trees but were increased by flooding in VL/SO roots suggesting that the translocation of carbohydrates from shoots to roots under flooded condition was impaired in interstocked trees.
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Format Inist (serveur)
NO : | PASCAL 12-0181515 INIST |
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ET : | Interstock of 'Valencia' Orange Affects the Flooding Tolerance in 'Verna' Lemon Trees |
AU : | GIMENO (Vicente); SYVERTSEN (James P.); SIMON (Inma); MARTINEZ (Vicente); CAMARA-ZAPATA (Jose M.); NIEVES (Manuel); GARCIA-SANCHEZ (Francisco) |
AF : | Centro de Edafología y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Espinardo/30100, Murcia/Espagne (1 aut.); University of Florida, IFAS, Citrus Research and Education Center, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred/FL 33850/Etats-Unis (2 aut.); EPSO (Univ. Miguel Hernández), Ctra. Beniel km 3,2 03312 Orihuela (Alicante)/Espagne (3 aut.); Centro de Edafología y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Espinardo/30100, Murcia/Espagne (4 aut.); EPSO (Univ. Miguel Hernández), Ctra. Beniel km 3,2 03312 Orihuela (Alicante)/Espagne (5 aut., 6 aut.); Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Espinardo/30100, Murcia/Espagne (7 aut.) |
DT : | Publication en série; Niveau analytique |
SO : | HortScience; ISSN 0018-5345; Coden HJHSAR; Etats-Unis; Da. 2012; Vol. 47; No. 3; Pp. 403-409; Bibl. 3/4 p. |
LA : | Anglais |
EA : | Previous work on citrus trees has shown that an interstock, grafted between the rootstock and scion combination, not only can improve tree growth, longevity, fruit production, and quality, but also can increase salinity tolerance. This research was designed to evaluate flooding responses of 2-year-old 'Verna' lemon trees [Citrus limon (L.) Burm.; VL] either grafted on 'Sour' orange (C. aurantium L.; SO) rootstock without an interstock (VL/SO) or interstocked with 'Valencia' orange (C. sinensis Osbeck;VLN/SO) or with 'Castellano' orange (C. sinensis Osbeck; VL/C/SO). Well-watered and fertilized trees were grown under greenhouse conditions and half were flooded for 9 days. At the end of the flooded period, leaf water relations, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, mineral nutrition, organic solutes, and carbohydrate concentrations were measured. Leaf water potential (Ψw), relative water content (RWC), net CO2 assimilation rate (ACO2), and stomatal conductance (gs) were decreased by flooding in all the trees but the greatest decreases occurred in VL/V/SO. The Ci/Ca (leaf internal CO2 to ambient CO2 ratio), Fv/Fo (potential activity of PSII) and Fv/Fm (maximum quantum efficiency) ratios were similar in flooded and non-flooded VL/SO and VL/C/SO trees but were decreased in VL/V/SO trees by flooding. Regardless of interstock, flooding increased root calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn) concentration but decreased nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) concentration. Based on the leaf water relations, gas exchange, and chlorophyll parameters, 'Verna' lemon trees interstocked with 'Valencia' orange had the least flooding tolerance. Regardless of interstock, the detrimental effect of flooding in 'Verna' lemon trees was the leaf dehydration which decreased ACO2 as a result of non-stomatal factors. Lowered ACO2 did not decrease the leaf carbohydrate concentration. Flooding decreased root starch in all trees but more so in VL/V/SO trees. Sugars were decreased by flooding in roots of interstocked trees but were increased by flooding in VL/SO roots suggesting that the translocation of carbohydrates from shoots to roots under flooded condition was impaired in interstocked trees. |
CC : | 002A32 |
FD : | Greffon plante; Noyage; Tolérance; Fluorescence; Arbre fruitier; Feuille végétal; Echange gazeux; Horticulture; Facteur abiotique; Citrus sinensis; Citrus limon; Agrume; Orange; Chlorophylle; Stress abiotique |
FG : | Facteur milieu; Rutaceae; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Plante médicinale; Plante fruitière; Appareil végétatif; Pigment photosynthétique |
ED : | Scion; Flooding; Tolerance; Fluorescence; Fruit tree; Plant leaf; Gas exchange; Horticulture; Abiotic factor; Citrus sinensis; Citrus limon; Citrus fruit; Orange; Chlorophyll; Abiotic stress |
EG : | Environmental factor; Rutaceae; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Medicinal plant; Fruit crop; Vegetative apparatus; Photosynthetic pigment |
SD : | Injerto planta; Inundación; Tolerancia; Fluorescencia; Arbol frutal; Hoja vegetal; Intercambio gaseoso; Horticultura; Factor abiótico; Citrus sinensis; Citrus limon; Agrios; Naranja; Clorofila; Estrés abiótico |
LO : | INIST-13300.354000509301720160 |
ID : | 12-0181515 |
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Pascal:12-0181515Le document en format XML
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Previous work on citrus trees has shown that an interstock, grafted between the rootstock and scion combination, not only can improve tree growth, longevity, fruit production, and quality, but also can increase salinity tolerance. This research was designed to evaluate flooding responses of 2-year-old 'Verna' lemon trees [Citrus limon (L.) Burm.; VL] either grafted on 'Sour' orange (C. aurantium L.; SO) rootstock without an interstock (VL/SO) or interstocked with 'Valencia' orange (C. sinensis Osbeck;VLN/SO) or with 'Castellano' orange (C. sinensis Osbeck; VL/C/SO). Well-watered and fertilized trees were grown under greenhouse conditions and half were flooded for 9 days. At the end of the flooded period, leaf water relations, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, mineral nutrition, organic solutes, and carbohydrate concentrations were measured. Leaf water potential (Ψ<sub>w</sub>
), relative water content (RWC), net CO<sub>2</sub>
assimilation rate (A<sub>CO2</sub>
), and stomatal conductance (g<sub>s</sub>
) were decreased by flooding in all the trees but the greatest decreases occurred in VL/V/SO. The C<sub>i</sub>
/C<sub>a</sub>
(leaf internal CO<sub>2</sub>
to ambient CO<sub>2</sub>
ratio), F<sub>v</sub>
/F<sub>o</sub>
(potential activity of PSII) and F<sub>v</sub>
/F<sub>m</sub>
(maximum quantum efficiency) ratios were similar in flooded and non-flooded VL/SO and VL/C/SO trees but were decreased in VL/V/SO trees by flooding. Regardless of interstock, flooding increased root calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn) concentration but decreased nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) concentration. Based on the leaf water relations, gas exchange, and chlorophyll parameters, 'Verna' lemon trees interstocked with 'Valencia' orange had the least flooding tolerance. Regardless of interstock, the detrimental effect of flooding in 'Verna' lemon trees was the leaf dehydration which decreased A<sub>CO2</sub>
as a result of non-stomatal factors. Lowered A<sub>CO2</sub>
did not decrease the leaf carbohydrate concentration. Flooding decreased root starch in all trees but more so in VL/V/SO trees. Sugars were decreased by flooding in roots of interstocked trees but were increased by flooding in VL/SO roots suggesting that the translocation of carbohydrates from shoots to roots under flooded condition was impaired in interstocked trees.</div>
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<fC01 i1="01" l="ENG"><s0>Previous work on citrus trees has shown that an interstock, grafted between the rootstock and scion combination, not only can improve tree growth, longevity, fruit production, and quality, but also can increase salinity tolerance. This research was designed to evaluate flooding responses of 2-year-old 'Verna' lemon trees [Citrus limon (L.) Burm.; VL] either grafted on 'Sour' orange (C. aurantium L.; SO) rootstock without an interstock (VL/SO) or interstocked with 'Valencia' orange (C. sinensis Osbeck;VLN/SO) or with 'Castellano' orange (C. sinensis Osbeck; VL/C/SO). Well-watered and fertilized trees were grown under greenhouse conditions and half were flooded for 9 days. At the end of the flooded period, leaf water relations, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, mineral nutrition, organic solutes, and carbohydrate concentrations were measured. Leaf water potential (Ψ<sub>w</sub>
), relative water content (RWC), net CO<sub>2</sub>
assimilation rate (A<sub>CO2</sub>
), and stomatal conductance (g<sub>s</sub>
) were decreased by flooding in all the trees but the greatest decreases occurred in VL/V/SO. The C<sub>i</sub>
/C<sub>a</sub>
(leaf internal CO<sub>2</sub>
to ambient CO<sub>2</sub>
ratio), F<sub>v</sub>
/F<sub>o</sub>
(potential activity of PSII) and F<sub>v</sub>
/F<sub>m</sub>
(maximum quantum efficiency) ratios were similar in flooded and non-flooded VL/SO and VL/C/SO trees but were decreased in VL/V/SO trees by flooding. Regardless of interstock, flooding increased root calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn) concentration but decreased nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) concentration. Based on the leaf water relations, gas exchange, and chlorophyll parameters, 'Verna' lemon trees interstocked with 'Valencia' orange had the least flooding tolerance. Regardless of interstock, the detrimental effect of flooding in 'Verna' lemon trees was the leaf dehydration which decreased A<sub>CO2</sub>
as a result of non-stomatal factors. Lowered A<sub>CO2</sub>
did not decrease the leaf carbohydrate concentration. Flooding decreased root starch in all trees but more so in VL/V/SO trees. Sugars were decreased by flooding in roots of interstocked trees but were increased by flooding in VL/SO roots suggesting that the translocation of carbohydrates from shoots to roots under flooded condition was impaired in interstocked trees.</s0>
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<fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Flooding</s0>
<s5>02</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Inundación</s0>
<s5>02</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Tolérance</s0>
<s5>03</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Tolerance</s0>
<s5>03</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Tolerancia</s0>
<s5>03</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Fluorescence</s0>
<s5>04</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Fluorescence</s0>
<s5>04</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Fluorescencia</s0>
<s5>04</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Arbre fruitier</s0>
<s5>05</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Fruit tree</s0>
<s5>05</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Arbol frutal</s0>
<s5>05</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Feuille végétal</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Plant leaf</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Hoja vegetal</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Echange gazeux</s0>
<s5>07</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Gas exchange</s0>
<s5>07</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Intercambio gaseoso</s0>
<s5>07</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Horticulture</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Horticulture</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Horticultura</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Facteur abiotique</s0>
<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Abiotic factor</s0>
<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Factor abiótico</s0>
<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Citrus sinensis</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>10</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Citrus sinensis</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>10</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Citrus sinensis</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>10</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Citrus limon</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>11</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Citrus limon</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>11</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Citrus limon</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>11</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Agrume</s0>
<s5>12</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Citrus fruit</s0>
<s5>12</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Agrios</s0>
<s5>12</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Orange</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Orange</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Naranja</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Chlorophylle</s0>
<s5>16</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Chlorophyll</s0>
<s5>16</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Clorofila</s0>
<s5>16</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Stress abiotique</s0>
<s4>CD</s4>
<s5>96</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Abiotic stress</s0>
<s4>CD</s4>
<s5>96</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Estrés abiótico</s0>
<s4>CD</s4>
<s5>96</s5>
</fC03>
<fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Facteur milieu</s0>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Environmental factor</s0>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Factor medio</s0>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Rutaceae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Rutaceae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Rutaceae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Dicotyledones</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Dicotyledones</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Dicotyledones</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Angiospermae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Angiospermae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Angiospermae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Spermatophyta</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Spermatophyta</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Spermatophyta</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Plante médicinale</s0>
<s5>31</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Medicinal plant</s0>
<s5>31</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Planta medicinal</s0>
<s5>31</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Plante fruitière</s0>
<s5>32</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Fruit crop</s0>
<s5>32</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Planta frutal</s0>
<s5>32</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Appareil végétatif</s0>
<s5>33</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Vegetative apparatus</s0>
<s5>33</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Sistema vegetativo</s0>
<s5>33</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Pigment photosynthétique</s0>
<s5>50</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Photosynthetic pigment</s0>
<s5>50</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Pigmento fotosintético</s0>
<s5>50</s5>
</fC07>
<fN21><s1>135</s1>
</fN21>
<fN44 i1="01"><s1>OTO</s1>
</fN44>
<fN82><s1>OTO</s1>
</fN82>
</pA>
</standard>
<server><NO>PASCAL 12-0181515 INIST</NO>
<ET>Interstock of 'Valencia' Orange Affects the Flooding Tolerance in 'Verna' Lemon Trees</ET>
<AU>GIMENO (Vicente); SYVERTSEN (James P.); SIMON (Inma); MARTINEZ (Vicente); CAMARA-ZAPATA (Jose M.); NIEVES (Manuel); GARCIA-SANCHEZ (Francisco)</AU>
<AF>Centro de Edafología y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Espinardo/30100, Murcia/Espagne (1 aut.); University of Florida, IFAS, Citrus Research and Education Center, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred/FL 33850/Etats-Unis (2 aut.); EPSO (Univ. Miguel Hernández), Ctra. Beniel km 3,2 03312 Orihuela (Alicante)/Espagne (3 aut.); Centro de Edafología y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Espinardo/30100, Murcia/Espagne (4 aut.); EPSO (Univ. Miguel Hernández), Ctra. Beniel km 3,2 03312 Orihuela (Alicante)/Espagne (5 aut., 6 aut.); Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Espinardo/30100, Murcia/Espagne (7 aut.)</AF>
<DT>Publication en série; Niveau analytique</DT>
<SO>HortScience; ISSN 0018-5345; Coden HJHSAR; Etats-Unis; Da. 2012; Vol. 47; No. 3; Pp. 403-409; Bibl. 3/4 p.</SO>
<LA>Anglais</LA>
<EA>Previous work on citrus trees has shown that an interstock, grafted between the rootstock and scion combination, not only can improve tree growth, longevity, fruit production, and quality, but also can increase salinity tolerance. This research was designed to evaluate flooding responses of 2-year-old 'Verna' lemon trees [Citrus limon (L.) Burm.; VL] either grafted on 'Sour' orange (C. aurantium L.; SO) rootstock without an interstock (VL/SO) or interstocked with 'Valencia' orange (C. sinensis Osbeck;VLN/SO) or with 'Castellano' orange (C. sinensis Osbeck; VL/C/SO). Well-watered and fertilized trees were grown under greenhouse conditions and half were flooded for 9 days. At the end of the flooded period, leaf water relations, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, mineral nutrition, organic solutes, and carbohydrate concentrations were measured. Leaf water potential (Ψ<sub>w</sub>
), relative water content (RWC), net CO<sub>2</sub>
assimilation rate (A<sub>CO2</sub>
), and stomatal conductance (g<sub>s</sub>
) were decreased by flooding in all the trees but the greatest decreases occurred in VL/V/SO. The C<sub>i</sub>
/C<sub>a</sub>
(leaf internal CO<sub>2</sub>
to ambient CO<sub>2</sub>
ratio), F<sub>v</sub>
/F<sub>o</sub>
(potential activity of PSII) and F<sub>v</sub>
/F<sub>m</sub>
(maximum quantum efficiency) ratios were similar in flooded and non-flooded VL/SO and VL/C/SO trees but were decreased in VL/V/SO trees by flooding. Regardless of interstock, flooding increased root calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn) concentration but decreased nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) concentration. Based on the leaf water relations, gas exchange, and chlorophyll parameters, 'Verna' lemon trees interstocked with 'Valencia' orange had the least flooding tolerance. Regardless of interstock, the detrimental effect of flooding in 'Verna' lemon trees was the leaf dehydration which decreased A<sub>CO2</sub>
as a result of non-stomatal factors. Lowered A<sub>CO2</sub>
did not decrease the leaf carbohydrate concentration. Flooding decreased root starch in all trees but more so in VL/V/SO trees. Sugars were decreased by flooding in roots of interstocked trees but were increased by flooding in VL/SO roots suggesting that the translocation of carbohydrates from shoots to roots under flooded condition was impaired in interstocked trees.</EA>
<CC>002A32</CC>
<FD>Greffon plante; Noyage; Tolérance; Fluorescence; Arbre fruitier; Feuille végétal; Echange gazeux; Horticulture; Facteur abiotique; Citrus sinensis; Citrus limon; Agrume; Orange; Chlorophylle; Stress abiotique</FD>
<FG>Facteur milieu; Rutaceae; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Plante médicinale; Plante fruitière; Appareil végétatif; Pigment photosynthétique</FG>
<ED>Scion; Flooding; Tolerance; Fluorescence; Fruit tree; Plant leaf; Gas exchange; Horticulture; Abiotic factor; Citrus sinensis; Citrus limon; Citrus fruit; Orange; Chlorophyll; Abiotic stress</ED>
<EG>Environmental factor; Rutaceae; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Medicinal plant; Fruit crop; Vegetative apparatus; Photosynthetic pigment</EG>
<SD>Injerto planta; Inundación; Tolerancia; Fluorescencia; Arbol frutal; Hoja vegetal; Intercambio gaseoso; Horticultura; Factor abiótico; Citrus sinensis; Citrus limon; Agrios; Naranja; Clorofila; Estrés abiótico</SD>
<LO>INIST-13300.354000509301720160</LO>
<ID>12-0181515</ID>
</server>
</inist>
</record>
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