Serveur d'exploration sur la mycorhize

Attention, ce site est en cours de développement !
Attention, site généré par des moyens informatiques à partir de corpus bruts.
Les informations ne sont donc pas validées.

The effect of flavones and flavonols on colonization of tomato plants by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of the genera Gigaspora and Glomus.

Identifieur interne : 002E49 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002E48; suivant : 002E50

The effect of flavones and flavonols on colonization of tomato plants by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of the genera Gigaspora and Glomus.

Auteurs : Jose M. Scervino [Argentine] ; María A. Ponce ; Rosa Erra-Bassells ; Josefina Bompadre ; Horst Vierheilig ; Juan A. Ocampo ; Alicia Godeas

Source :

RBID : pubmed:17668030

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

No clear data are available on how flavonoids from different chemical groups affect root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and whether flavonoids affecting the presymbiotic growth of AMF also affect root colonization by AMF. In the present work, we compared the effect of flavones (chrysin and luteolin) and flavonols (kaempferol, morin, isorhamnetin, and rutin) on root colonization (number of entry points and degree of root colonization) of tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) with the effect of these flavonoids on the presymbiotic growth of these AMF, which has been reported in a recent study. With all tested AMF (Gigaspora rosea, Gigaspora margarita, Glomus mosseae, and Glomus intraradices) a correlation between the number of entry points and the percentage of root colonization was found. When the number of entry points was high, root colonization was also enhanced. Application of the flavones chrysin and luteolin and of the flavonol morin increased the number of entry points and the degree of colonization,whereas the flavonols kaempferol, isorhamnetin, and rutin showed no effect. These results show that in contrast to their effect on the presymbiotic growth of the AMF on the level of root colonization, the tested flavonoids do not exhibit a genus- and species-specificity. Moreover, comparison of our data with the data obtained by J.M. Scervino, M.A. Ponce, R. Erra-Bassells, H. Vierheilig, J.A. Ocampo, and A. Godeas. (2005a. J. Plant Interact. 15: 22-30) indicates that a positive effect on the hyphal growth of AMF does not necessarily result in an enhanced AM root colonization, further indicating that the mode of action of flavonoids at the level of root colonization is more complex.

DOI: 10.1139/W07-036
PubMed: 17668030


Affiliations:


Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)


Le document en format XML

<record>
<TEI>
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title xml:lang="en">The effect of flavones and flavonols on colonization of tomato plants by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of the genera Gigaspora and Glomus.</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Scervino, Jose M" sort="Scervino, Jose M" uniqKey="Scervino J" first="Jose M" last="Scervino">Jose M. Scervino</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, 4P Ciudad Universitaria, (1428) Buenos Aires, Argentina.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Argentine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, 4P Ciudad Universitaria, (1428) Buenos Aires</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>(1428) Buenos Aires</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ponce, Maria A" sort="Ponce, Maria A" uniqKey="Ponce M" first="María A" last="Ponce">María A. Ponce</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Erra Bassells, Rosa" sort="Erra Bassells, Rosa" uniqKey="Erra Bassells R" first="Rosa" last="Erra-Bassells">Rosa Erra-Bassells</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bompadre, Josefina" sort="Bompadre, Josefina" uniqKey="Bompadre J" first="Josefina" last="Bompadre">Josefina Bompadre</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Vierheilig, Horst" sort="Vierheilig, Horst" uniqKey="Vierheilig H" first="Horst" last="Vierheilig">Horst Vierheilig</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ocampo, Juan A" sort="Ocampo, Juan A" uniqKey="Ocampo J" first="Juan A" last="Ocampo">Juan A. Ocampo</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Godeas, Alicia" sort="Godeas, Alicia" uniqKey="Godeas A" first="Alicia" last="Godeas">Alicia Godeas</name>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno>
<date when="2007">2007</date>
<idno type="RBID">pubmed:17668030</idno>
<idno type="pmid">17668030</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1139/W07-036</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">002E67</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">002E67</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">002E67</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">002E67</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">002E67</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<title xml:lang="en">The effect of flavones and flavonols on colonization of tomato plants by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of the genera Gigaspora and Glomus.</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Scervino, Jose M" sort="Scervino, Jose M" uniqKey="Scervino J" first="Jose M" last="Scervino">Jose M. Scervino</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, 4P Ciudad Universitaria, (1428) Buenos Aires, Argentina.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Argentine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, 4P Ciudad Universitaria, (1428) Buenos Aires</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>(1428) Buenos Aires</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ponce, Maria A" sort="Ponce, Maria A" uniqKey="Ponce M" first="María A" last="Ponce">María A. Ponce</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Erra Bassells, Rosa" sort="Erra Bassells, Rosa" uniqKey="Erra Bassells R" first="Rosa" last="Erra-Bassells">Rosa Erra-Bassells</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bompadre, Josefina" sort="Bompadre, Josefina" uniqKey="Bompadre J" first="Josefina" last="Bompadre">Josefina Bompadre</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Vierheilig, Horst" sort="Vierheilig, Horst" uniqKey="Vierheilig H" first="Horst" last="Vierheilig">Horst Vierheilig</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ocampo, Juan A" sort="Ocampo, Juan A" uniqKey="Ocampo J" first="Juan A" last="Ocampo">Juan A. Ocampo</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Godeas, Alicia" sort="Godeas, Alicia" uniqKey="Godeas A" first="Alicia" last="Godeas">Alicia Godeas</name>
</author>
</analytic>
<series>
<title level="j">Canadian journal of microbiology</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0008-4166</idno>
<imprint>
<date when="2007" type="published">2007</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc>
<textClass>
<keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en">
<term>Flavones (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Flavonoids (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Flavonols (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Kaempferols (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Luteolin (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Lycopersicon esculentum (microbiology)</term>
<term>Mycorrhizae (drug effects)</term>
<term>Mycorrhizae (growth & development)</term>
<term>Plant Roots (microbiology)</term>
<term>Rutin (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Symbiosis (drug effects)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Flavones (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Flavonols (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Flavonoïdes (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Kaempférols (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Lutéoline (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Lycopersicon esculentum (microbiologie)</term>
<term>Mycorhizes (croissance et développement)</term>
<term>Mycorhizes (effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques)</term>
<term>Racines de plante (microbiologie)</term>
<term>Rutoside (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Symbiose (effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="pharmacology" xml:lang="en">
<term>Flavones</term>
<term>Flavonoids</term>
<term>Flavonols</term>
<term>Kaempferols</term>
<term>Luteolin</term>
<term>Rutin</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="croissance et développement" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Mycorhizes</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en">
<term>Mycorrhizae</term>
<term>Symbiosis</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Mycorhizes</term>
<term>Symbiose</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="growth & development" xml:lang="en">
<term>Mycorrhizae</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiologie" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Lycopersicon esculentum</term>
<term>Racines de plante</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiology" xml:lang="en">
<term>Lycopersicon esculentum</term>
<term>Plant Roots</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pharmacologie" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Flavones</term>
<term>Flavonols</term>
<term>Flavonoïdes</term>
<term>Kaempférols</term>
<term>Lutéoline</term>
<term>Rutoside</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">No clear data are available on how flavonoids from different chemical groups affect root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and whether flavonoids affecting the presymbiotic growth of AMF also affect root colonization by AMF. In the present work, we compared the effect of flavones (chrysin and luteolin) and flavonols (kaempferol, morin, isorhamnetin, and rutin) on root colonization (number of entry points and degree of root colonization) of tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) with the effect of these flavonoids on the presymbiotic growth of these AMF, which has been reported in a recent study. With all tested AMF (Gigaspora rosea, Gigaspora margarita, Glomus mosseae, and Glomus intraradices) a correlation between the number of entry points and the percentage of root colonization was found. When the number of entry points was high, root colonization was also enhanced. Application of the flavones chrysin and luteolin and of the flavonol morin increased the number of entry points and the degree of colonization,whereas the flavonols kaempferol, isorhamnetin, and rutin showed no effect. These results show that in contrast to their effect on the presymbiotic growth of the AMF on the level of root colonization, the tested flavonoids do not exhibit a genus- and species-specificity. Moreover, comparison of our data with the data obtained by J.M. Scervino, M.A. Ponce, R. Erra-Bassells, H. Vierheilig, J.A. Ocampo, and A. Godeas. (2005a. J. Plant Interact. 15: 22-30) indicates that a positive effect on the hyphal growth of AMF does not necessarily result in an enhanced AM root colonization, further indicating that the mode of action of flavonoids at the level of root colonization is more complex.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pubmed>
<MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM">
<PMID Version="1">17668030</PMID>
<DateCompleted>
<Year>2007</Year>
<Month>12</Month>
<Day>20</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised>
<Year>2013</Year>
<Month>11</Month>
<Day>21</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Print">
<Journal>
<ISSN IssnType="Print">0008-4166</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print">
<Volume>53</Volume>
<Issue>6</Issue>
<PubDate>
<Year>2007</Year>
<Month>Jun</Month>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>Canadian journal of microbiology</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Can J Microbiol</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>The effect of flavones and flavonols on colonization of tomato plants by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of the genera Gigaspora and Glomus.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination>
<MedlinePgn>702-9</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<Abstract>
<AbstractText>No clear data are available on how flavonoids from different chemical groups affect root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and whether flavonoids affecting the presymbiotic growth of AMF also affect root colonization by AMF. In the present work, we compared the effect of flavones (chrysin and luteolin) and flavonols (kaempferol, morin, isorhamnetin, and rutin) on root colonization (number of entry points and degree of root colonization) of tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) with the effect of these flavonoids on the presymbiotic growth of these AMF, which has been reported in a recent study. With all tested AMF (Gigaspora rosea, Gigaspora margarita, Glomus mosseae, and Glomus intraradices) a correlation between the number of entry points and the percentage of root colonization was found. When the number of entry points was high, root colonization was also enhanced. Application of the flavones chrysin and luteolin and of the flavonol morin increased the number of entry points and the degree of colonization,whereas the flavonols kaempferol, isorhamnetin, and rutin showed no effect. These results show that in contrast to their effect on the presymbiotic growth of the AMF on the level of root colonization, the tested flavonoids do not exhibit a genus- and species-specificity. Moreover, comparison of our data with the data obtained by J.M. Scervino, M.A. Ponce, R. Erra-Bassells, H. Vierheilig, J.A. Ocampo, and A. Godeas. (2005a. J. Plant Interact. 15: 22-30) indicates that a positive effect on the hyphal growth of AMF does not necessarily result in an enhanced AM root colonization, further indicating that the mode of action of flavonoids at the level of root colonization is more complex.</AbstractText>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y">
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Scervino</LastName>
<ForeName>Jose M</ForeName>
<Initials>JM</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, 4P Ciudad Universitaria, (1428) Buenos Aires, Argentina.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Ponce</LastName>
<ForeName>María A</ForeName>
<Initials>MA</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Erra-Bassells</LastName>
<ForeName>Rosa</ForeName>
<Initials>R</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Bompadre</LastName>
<ForeName>Josefina</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Vierheilig</LastName>
<ForeName>Horst</ForeName>
<Initials>H</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Ocampo</LastName>
<ForeName>Juan A</ForeName>
<Initials>JA</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Godeas</LastName>
<ForeName>Alicia</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<PublicationTypeList>
<PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
<PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo>
<Country>Canada</Country>
<MedlineTA>Can J Microbiol</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>0372707</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>0008-4166</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<ChemicalList>
<Chemical>
<RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D047309">Flavones</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical>
<RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D005419">Flavonoids</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical>
<RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D044948">Flavonols</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical>
<RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D044949">Kaempferols</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical>
<RegistryNumber>3CN01F5ZJ5</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="C043561">chrysin</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical>
<RegistryNumber>5G06TVY3R7</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D012431">Rutin</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical>
<RegistryNumber>731P2LE49E</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="C006552">kaempferol</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical>
<RegistryNumber>8NFQ3F76WR</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="C008548">morin</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical>
<RegistryNumber>KUX1ZNC9J2</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D047311">Luteolin</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
</ChemicalList>
<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
<MeshHeadingList>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D047309" MajorTopicYN="N">Flavones</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="Y">pharmacology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D005419" MajorTopicYN="N">Flavonoids</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="N">pharmacology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D044948" MajorTopicYN="N">Flavonols</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="Y">pharmacology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D044949" MajorTopicYN="N">Kaempferols</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="N">pharmacology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D047311" MajorTopicYN="N">Luteolin</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="N">pharmacology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D018551" MajorTopicYN="N">Lycopersicon esculentum</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="Y">microbiology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D038821" MajorTopicYN="N">Mycorrhizae</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="Y">drug effects</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000254" MajorTopicYN="N">growth & development</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D018517" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Roots</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="N">microbiology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D012431" MajorTopicYN="N">Rutin</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="N">pharmacology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D013559" MajorTopicYN="N">Symbiosis</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="N">drug effects</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
</MeshHeadingList>
</MedlineCitation>
<PubmedData>
<History>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed">
<Year>2007</Year>
<Month>8</Month>
<Day>2</Day>
<Hour>9</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline">
<Year>2007</Year>
<Month>12</Month>
<Day>21</Day>
<Hour>9</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez">
<Year>2007</Year>
<Month>8</Month>
<Day>2</Day>
<Hour>9</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
</History>
<PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17668030</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="pii">w07-036</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1139/W07-036</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</PubmedData>
</pubmed>
<affiliations>
<list>
<country>
<li>Argentine</li>
</country>
</list>
<tree>
<noCountry>
<name sortKey="Bompadre, Josefina" sort="Bompadre, Josefina" uniqKey="Bompadre J" first="Josefina" last="Bompadre">Josefina Bompadre</name>
<name sortKey="Erra Bassells, Rosa" sort="Erra Bassells, Rosa" uniqKey="Erra Bassells R" first="Rosa" last="Erra-Bassells">Rosa Erra-Bassells</name>
<name sortKey="Godeas, Alicia" sort="Godeas, Alicia" uniqKey="Godeas A" first="Alicia" last="Godeas">Alicia Godeas</name>
<name sortKey="Ocampo, Juan A" sort="Ocampo, Juan A" uniqKey="Ocampo J" first="Juan A" last="Ocampo">Juan A. Ocampo</name>
<name sortKey="Ponce, Maria A" sort="Ponce, Maria A" uniqKey="Ponce M" first="María A" last="Ponce">María A. Ponce</name>
<name sortKey="Vierheilig, Horst" sort="Vierheilig, Horst" uniqKey="Vierheilig H" first="Horst" last="Vierheilig">Horst Vierheilig</name>
</noCountry>
<country name="Argentine">
<noRegion>
<name sortKey="Scervino, Jose M" sort="Scervino, Jose M" uniqKey="Scervino J" first="Jose M" last="Scervino">Jose M. Scervino</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)

EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Bois/explor/MycorrhizaeV1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 002E49 | SxmlIndent | more

Ou

HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 002E49 | SxmlIndent | more

Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri

{{Explor lien
   |wiki=    Bois
   |area=    MycorrhizaeV1
   |flux=    Main
   |étape=   Exploration
   |type=    RBID
   |clé=     pubmed:17668030
   |texte=   The effect of flavones and flavonols on colonization of tomato plants by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of the genera Gigaspora and Glomus.
}}

Pour générer des pages wiki

HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i   -Sk "pubmed:17668030" \
       | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd   \
       | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a MycorrhizaeV1 

Wicri

This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.37.
Data generation: Wed Nov 18 15:34:48 2020. Site generation: Wed Nov 18 15:41:10 2020