Mycorrhizal fungi of Vanilla: diversity, specificity and effects on seed germination and plant growth.
Identifieur interne : 002E09 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002E08; suivant : 002E10Mycorrhizal fungi of Vanilla: diversity, specificity and effects on seed germination and plant growth.
Auteurs : Andrea Porras-Alfaro [États-Unis] ; Paul BaymanSource :
- Mycologia [ 0027-5514 ]
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- ADN fongique (analyse), ADN fongique (isolement et purification), ADN ribosomique (MeSH), Analyse de séquence d'ADN (MeSH), Basidiomycota (classification), Basidiomycota (croissance et développement), Basidiomycota (génétique), Basidiomycota (isolement et purification), Données de séquences moléculaires (MeSH), Espaceur de l'ADN ribosomique (MeSH), Graines (physiologie), Mycorhizes (MeSH), Phylogenèse (MeSH), Racines de plante (microbiologie), Symbiose (MeSH), Vanilla (croissance et développement), Vanilla (microbiologie), Vanilla (physiologie).
- MESH :
- analyse : ADN fongique.
- croissance et développement : Basidiomycota, Vanilla.
- génétique : Basidiomycota.
- isolement et purification : ADN fongique, Basidiomycota.
- microbiologie : Racines de plante, Vanilla.
- physiologie : Graines, Vanilla.
- classification : ADN ribosomique, Analyse de séquence d'ADN, Basidiomycota, Données de séquences moléculaires, Espaceur de l'ADN ribosomique, Mycorhizes, Phylogenèse, Symbiose.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Basidiomycota (classification), Basidiomycota (genetics), Basidiomycota (growth & development), Basidiomycota (isolation & purification), DNA, Fungal (analysis), DNA, Fungal (isolation & purification), DNA, Ribosomal (MeSH), DNA, Ribosomal Spacer (MeSH), Molecular Sequence Data (MeSH), Mycorrhizae (MeSH), Phylogeny (MeSH), Plant Roots (microbiology), Seeds (physiology), Sequence Analysis, DNA (MeSH), Symbiosis (MeSH), Vanilla (growth & development), Vanilla (microbiology), Vanilla (physiology).
- MESH :
- chemical , analysis : DNA, Fungal.
- classification : Basidiomycota.
- genetics : Basidiomycota.
- growth & development : Basidiomycota, Vanilla.
- isolation & purification : Basidiomycota, DNA, Fungal.
- microbiology : Plant Roots, Vanilla.
- physiology : Seeds, Vanilla.
- chemical : DNA, Ribosomal, DNA, Ribosomal Spacer, Molecular Sequence Data, Mycorrhizae, Phylogeny, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Symbiosis.
Abstract
Mycorrhizal fungi are essential for the germination of orchid seeds. However, the specificity of orchids for their mycorrhizal fungi and the effects of the fungi on orchid growth are controversial. Mycorrhizal fungi have been studied in some temperate and tropical, epiphytic orchids, but the symbionts of tropical, terrestrial orchids are still unknown. Here we study diversity, specificity and function of mycorrhizal fungi in Vanilla, a pantropical genus that is both terrestrial and epiphytic. Mycorrhizal roots were collected from four Vanilla species in Puerto Rico, Costa Rica and Cuba. Cultured and uncultured mycorrhizal fungi were identified by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer region of nuclear rDNA (nrITS) and part of the mitochondrial ribosomal large subunit (mtLSU), and by counting number of nuclei in hyphae. Vanilla spp. were associated with a wide range of mycorrhizal fungi: Ceratobasidium, Thanatephorus and Tulasnella. Related fungi were found in different species of Vanilla, although at different relative frequencies. Ceratobasidium was more common in roots in soil and Tulasnella was more common in roots on tree bark, but several clades of fungi included strains from both substrates. Relative frequencies of genera of mycorrhizal fungi differed significantly between cultured fungi and those detected by direct amplification. Ceratobasidium and Tulasnella were tested for effects on seed germination of Vanilla and effects on growth of Vanilla and Dendrobium plants. We found significant differences among fungi in effects on seed germination and plant growth. Effects of mycorrhizal fungi on Vanilla and Dendrobium were similar: a clade of Ceratobasidium had a consistently positive effect on plant growth and seed germination. This clade has potential use in germination and propagation of orchids. Results confirmed that a single orchid species can be associated with several mycorrhizal fungi with different functional consequences for the plant.
DOI: 10.3852/mycologia.99.4.510
PubMed: 18065002
Affiliations:
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However, the specificity of orchids for their mycorrhizal fungi and the effects of the fungi on orchid growth are controversial. Mycorrhizal fungi have been studied in some temperate and tropical, epiphytic orchids, but the symbionts of tropical, terrestrial orchids are still unknown. Here we study diversity, specificity and function of mycorrhizal fungi in Vanilla, a pantropical genus that is both terrestrial and epiphytic. Mycorrhizal roots were collected from four Vanilla species in Puerto Rico, Costa Rica and Cuba. Cultured and uncultured mycorrhizal fungi were identified by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer region of nuclear rDNA (nrITS) and part of the mitochondrial ribosomal large subunit (mtLSU), and by counting number of nuclei in hyphae. Vanilla spp. were associated with a wide range of mycorrhizal fungi: Ceratobasidium, Thanatephorus and Tulasnella. Related fungi were found in different species of Vanilla, although at different relative frequencies. Ceratobasidium was more common in roots in soil and Tulasnella was more common in roots on tree bark, but several clades of fungi included strains from both substrates. Relative frequencies of genera of mycorrhizal fungi differed significantly between cultured fungi and those detected by direct amplification. Ceratobasidium and Tulasnella were tested for effects on seed germination of Vanilla and effects on growth of Vanilla and Dendrobium plants. We found significant differences among fungi in effects on seed germination and plant growth. Effects of mycorrhizal fungi on Vanilla and Dendrobium were similar: a clade of Ceratobasidium had a consistently positive effect on plant growth and seed germination. This clade has potential use in germination and propagation of orchids. Results confirmed that a single orchid species can be associated with several mycorrhizal fungi with different functional consequences for the plant.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">18065002</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2008</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>15</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2019</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>10</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">0027-5514</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>99</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><MedlineDate>2007 Jul-Aug</MedlineDate></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Mycologia</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Mycologia</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Mycorrhizal fungi of Vanilla: diversity, specificity and effects on seed germination and plant growth.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>510-25</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>Mycorrhizal fungi are essential for the germination of orchid seeds. 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Ceratobasidium was more common in roots in soil and Tulasnella was more common in roots on tree bark, but several clades of fungi included strains from both substrates. Relative frequencies of genera of mycorrhizal fungi differed significantly between cultured fungi and those detected by direct amplification. Ceratobasidium and Tulasnella were tested for effects on seed germination of Vanilla and effects on growth of Vanilla and Dendrobium plants. We found significant differences among fungi in effects on seed germination and plant growth. Effects of mycorrhizal fungi on Vanilla and Dendrobium were similar: a clade of Ceratobasidium had a consistently positive effect on plant growth and seed germination. This clade has potential use in germination and propagation of orchids. 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