Resource limitation is a driver of local adaptation in mycorrhizal symbioses.
Identifieur interne : 002740 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 002739; suivant : 002741Resource limitation is a driver of local adaptation in mycorrhizal symbioses.
Auteurs : Nancy Collins Johnson ; Gail W T. Wilson ; Matthew A. Bowker ; Jacqueline A. Wilson ; R Michael MillerSource :
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [ 1091-6490 ] ; 2010.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adaptation, Biological (MeSH), Biomass (MeSH), Carbon (metabolism), Ecosystem (MeSH), Midwestern United States (MeSH), Mycorrhizae (growth & development), Mycorrhizae (physiology), Phosphorus (metabolism), Plant Roots (microbiology), Poaceae (growth & development), Poaceae (microbiology), Poaceae (physiology), Soil (analysis), Soil Microbiology (MeSH), Symbiosis (physiology).
- MESH :
- chemical , analysis : Soil.
- chemical , metabolism : Carbon, Phosphorus.
- growth & development : Mycorrhizae, Poaceae.
- microbiology : Plant Roots, Poaceae.
- physiology : Mycorrhizae, Poaceae, Symbiosis.
- Adaptation, Biological, Biomass, Ecosystem, Midwestern United States, Soil Microbiology.
Abstract
Symbioses may be important mechanisms of plant adaptation to their environment. We conducted a reciprocal inoculation experiment to test the hypothesis that soil fertility is a key driver of local adaptation in arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbioses. Ecotypes of Andropogon gerardii from phosphorus-limited and nitrogen-limited grasslands were grown with all possible "home and away" combinations of soils and AM fungal communities. Our results indicate that Andropogon ecotypes adapt to their local soil and indigenous AM fungal communities such that mycorrhizal exchange of the most limiting resource is maximized. Grasses grown in home soil and inoculated with home AM fungi produced more arbuscules (symbiotic exchange structures) in their roots than those grown in away combinations. Also, regardless of the host ecotype, AM fungi produced more extraradical hyphae in their home soil, and locally adapted AM fungi were, therefore, able to sequester more carbon compared with nonlocal fungi. Locally adapted mycorrhizal associations were more mutualistic in the two phosphorus-limited sites and less parasitic at the nitrogen-limited site compared with novel combinations of plants, fungi, and soils. To our knowledge, these findings provide the strongest evidence to date that resource availability generates evolved geographic structure in symbioses among plants and soil organisms. Thus, edaphic origin of AM fungi should be considered when managing for their benefits in agriculture, ecosystem restoration, and soil-carbon sequestration.
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0906710107
PubMed: 20133855
PubMed Central: PMC2836645
Links to Exploration step
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<author><name sortKey="Wilson, Gail W T" sort="Wilson, Gail W T" uniqKey="Wilson G" first="Gail W T" last="Wilson">Gail W T. Wilson</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Bowker, Matthew A" sort="Bowker, Matthew A" uniqKey="Bowker M" first="Matthew A" last="Bowker">Matthew A. Bowker</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Wilson, Jacqueline A" sort="Wilson, Jacqueline A" uniqKey="Wilson J" first="Jacqueline A" last="Wilson">Jacqueline A. Wilson</name>
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<term>Biomass (MeSH)</term>
<term>Carbon (metabolism)</term>
<term>Ecosystem (MeSH)</term>
<term>Midwestern United States (MeSH)</term>
<term>Mycorrhizae (growth & development)</term>
<term>Mycorrhizae (physiology)</term>
<term>Phosphorus (metabolism)</term>
<term>Plant Roots (microbiology)</term>
<term>Poaceae (growth & development)</term>
<term>Poaceae (microbiology)</term>
<term>Poaceae (physiology)</term>
<term>Soil (analysis)</term>
<term>Soil Microbiology (MeSH)</term>
<term>Symbiosis (physiology)</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>Soil</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Carbon</term>
<term>Phosphorus</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="growth & development" xml:lang="en"><term>Mycorrhizae</term>
<term>Poaceae</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Plant Roots</term>
<term>Poaceae</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Mycorrhizae</term>
<term>Poaceae</term>
<term>Symbiosis</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adaptation, Biological</term>
<term>Biomass</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Symbioses may be important mechanisms of plant adaptation to their environment. We conducted a reciprocal inoculation experiment to test the hypothesis that soil fertility is a key driver of local adaptation in arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbioses. Ecotypes of Andropogon gerardii from phosphorus-limited and nitrogen-limited grasslands were grown with all possible "home and away" combinations of soils and AM fungal communities. Our results indicate that Andropogon ecotypes adapt to their local soil and indigenous AM fungal communities such that mycorrhizal exchange of the most limiting resource is maximized. Grasses grown in home soil and inoculated with home AM fungi produced more arbuscules (symbiotic exchange structures) in their roots than those grown in away combinations. Also, regardless of the host ecotype, AM fungi produced more extraradical hyphae in their home soil, and locally adapted AM fungi were, therefore, able to sequester more carbon compared with nonlocal fungi. Locally adapted mycorrhizal associations were more mutualistic in the two phosphorus-limited sites and less parasitic at the nitrogen-limited site compared with novel combinations of plants, fungi, and soils. To our knowledge, these findings provide the strongest evidence to date that resource availability generates evolved geographic structure in symbioses among plants and soil organisms. Thus, edaphic origin of AM fungi should be considered when managing for their benefits in agriculture, ecosystem restoration, and soil-carbon sequestration.</div>
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<Abstract><AbstractText>Symbioses may be important mechanisms of plant adaptation to their environment. We conducted a reciprocal inoculation experiment to test the hypothesis that soil fertility is a key driver of local adaptation in arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbioses. Ecotypes of Andropogon gerardii from phosphorus-limited and nitrogen-limited grasslands were grown with all possible "home and away" combinations of soils and AM fungal communities. Our results indicate that Andropogon ecotypes adapt to their local soil and indigenous AM fungal communities such that mycorrhizal exchange of the most limiting resource is maximized. Grasses grown in home soil and inoculated with home AM fungi produced more arbuscules (symbiotic exchange structures) in their roots than those grown in away combinations. Also, regardless of the host ecotype, AM fungi produced more extraradical hyphae in their home soil, and locally adapted AM fungi were, therefore, able to sequester more carbon compared with nonlocal fungi. Locally adapted mycorrhizal associations were more mutualistic in the two phosphorus-limited sites and less parasitic at the nitrogen-limited site compared with novel combinations of plants, fungi, and soils. To our knowledge, these findings provide the strongest evidence to date that resource availability generates evolved geographic structure in symbioses among plants and soil organisms. Thus, edaphic origin of AM fungi should be considered when managing for their benefits in agriculture, ecosystem restoration, and soil-carbon sequestration.</AbstractText>
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