Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alter plant allometry and biomass-density relationships.
Identifieur interne : 002471 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 002470; suivant : 002472Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alter plant allometry and biomass-density relationships.
Auteurs : Qian Zhang ; Lu Zhang ; Jacob Weiner ; Jianjun Tang ; Xin ChenSource :
- Annals of botany [ 1095-8290 ] ; 2011.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Benomyl (pharmacology), Biomass (MeSH), Fungicides, Industrial (pharmacology), Medicago sativa (growth & development), Medicago sativa (microbiology), Models, Biological (MeSH), Mycorrhizae (physiology), Plant Roots (growth & development), Plant Roots (microbiology), Plant Shoots (growth & development), Plant Shoots (microbiology), Population Density (MeSH).
- MESH :
- chemical , pharmacology : Benomyl, Fungicides, Industrial.
- growth & development : Medicago sativa, Plant Roots, Plant Shoots.
- microbiology : Medicago sativa, Plant Roots, Plant Shoots.
- physiology : Mycorrhizae.
- Biomass, Models, Biological, Population Density.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Plant biomass-density relationships during self-thinning are determined mainly by allometry. Both allometry and biomass-density relationship have been shown to vary with abiotic conditions, but the effects of biotic interactions have not been investigated. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can promote plant growth and affect plant form. Here experiments were carried out to test whether AMF affect plant allometry and the self-thinning trajectory.
METHODS
Two experiments were conducted on Medicago sativa L., a leguminous species known to be highly dependent on mycorrhiza. Two mycorrhizal levels were obtained by applying benomyl (low AMF) or not (high AMF). Experiment 1 investigated the effects of AMF on plant growth in the absence of competition. Experiment 2 was a factorial design with two mycorrhizal levels and two plant densities (6000 and 17 500 seeds m(-2)). Shoot biomass, root biomass and canopy radius were measured 30, 60, 90 and 120 d after sowing. The allometric relationships among these aspects of size were estimated by standardized major axis regression on log-transformed data.
KEY RESULTS
Shoot biomass in the absence of competition was lower under low AMF treatment. In self-thinning populations, the slope of the log (mean shoot biomass) vs. log density relationship was significantly steeper for the high AMF treatment (slope = -1·480) than for the low AMF treatment (-1·133). The canopy radius-biomass allometric exponents were not significantly affected by AMF level, but the root-shoot allometric exponent was higher in the low AMF treatment. With a high level of AMF, the biomass-density exponent can be predicted from the above-ground allometric model of self-thinning, while this was not the case when AMF were reduced by fungicide.
CONCLUSIONS
AMF affected the importance of below-ground relative to above-ground interactions and changed root vs. shoot allocation. This changed allometric allocation of biomass and altered the self-thinning trajectory.
DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcq249
PubMed: 21169608
PubMed Central: PMC3043928
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:21169608Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Zhang, Qian" sort="Zhang, Qian" uniqKey="Zhang Q" first="Qian" last="Zhang">Qian Zhang</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.</nlm:affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Zhang, Lu" sort="Zhang, Lu" uniqKey="Zhang L" first="Lu" last="Zhang">Lu Zhang</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Weiner, Jacob" sort="Weiner, Jacob" uniqKey="Weiner J" first="Jacob" last="Weiner">Jacob Weiner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tang, Jianjun" sort="Tang, Jianjun" uniqKey="Tang J" first="Jianjun" last="Tang">Jianjun Tang</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Chen, Xin" sort="Chen, Xin" uniqKey="Chen X" first="Xin" last="Chen">Xin Chen</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Zhang, Qian" sort="Zhang, Qian" uniqKey="Zhang Q" first="Qian" last="Zhang">Qian Zhang</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Weiner, Jacob" sort="Weiner, Jacob" uniqKey="Weiner J" first="Jacob" last="Weiner">Jacob Weiner</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Tang, Jianjun" sort="Tang, Jianjun" uniqKey="Tang J" first="Jianjun" last="Tang">Jianjun Tang</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Chen, Xin" sort="Chen, Xin" uniqKey="Chen X" first="Xin" last="Chen">Xin Chen</name>
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Benomyl (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Biomass (MeSH)</term>
<term>Fungicides, Industrial (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Medicago sativa (growth & development)</term>
<term>Medicago sativa (microbiology)</term>
<term>Models, Biological (MeSH)</term>
<term>Mycorrhizae (physiology)</term>
<term>Plant Roots (growth & development)</term>
<term>Plant Roots (microbiology)</term>
<term>Plant Shoots (growth & development)</term>
<term>Plant Shoots (microbiology)</term>
<term>Population Density (MeSH)</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="pharmacology" xml:lang="en"><term>Benomyl</term>
<term>Fungicides, Industrial</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="growth & development" xml:lang="en"><term>Medicago sativa</term>
<term>Plant Roots</term>
<term>Plant Shoots</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Medicago sativa</term>
<term>Plant Roots</term>
<term>Plant Shoots</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Mycorrhizae</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND AND AIMS</b>
</p>
<p>Plant biomass-density relationships during self-thinning are determined mainly by allometry. Both allometry and biomass-density relationship have been shown to vary with abiotic conditions, but the effects of biotic interactions have not been investigated. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can promote plant growth and affect plant form. Here experiments were carried out to test whether AMF affect plant allometry and the self-thinning trajectory.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b>
</p>
<p>Two experiments were conducted on Medicago sativa L., a leguminous species known to be highly dependent on mycorrhiza. Two mycorrhizal levels were obtained by applying benomyl (low AMF) or not (high AMF). Experiment 1 investigated the effects of AMF on plant growth in the absence of competition. Experiment 2 was a factorial design with two mycorrhizal levels and two plant densities (6000 and 17 500 seeds m(-2)). Shoot biomass, root biomass and canopy radius were measured 30, 60, 90 and 120 d after sowing. The allometric relationships among these aspects of size were estimated by standardized major axis regression on log-transformed data.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>KEY RESULTS</b>
</p>
<p>Shoot biomass in the absence of competition was lower under low AMF treatment. In self-thinning populations, the slope of the log (mean shoot biomass) vs. log density relationship was significantly steeper for the high AMF treatment (slope = -1·480) than for the low AMF treatment (-1·133). The canopy radius-biomass allometric exponents were not significantly affected by AMF level, but the root-shoot allometric exponent was higher in the low AMF treatment. With a high level of AMF, the biomass-density exponent can be predicted from the above-ground allometric model of self-thinning, while this was not the case when AMF were reduced by fungicide.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>
</p>
<p>AMF affected the importance of below-ground relative to above-ground interactions and changed root vs. shoot allocation. This changed allometric allocation of biomass and altered the self-thinning trajectory.</p>
</div>
</front>
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<Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND AND AIMS" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">Plant biomass-density relationships during self-thinning are determined mainly by allometry. Both allometry and biomass-density relationship have been shown to vary with abiotic conditions, but the effects of biotic interactions have not been investigated. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can promote plant growth and affect plant form. Here experiments were carried out to test whether AMF affect plant allometry and the self-thinning trajectory.</AbstractText>
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