Preservation at ultra-low temperature of in vitro cultured arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi via encapsulation-drying.
Identifieur interne : 001E32 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 001E31; suivant : 001E33Preservation at ultra-low temperature of in vitro cultured arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi via encapsulation-drying.
Auteurs : Ismahen Lalaymia ; Sylvie Cranenbrouck ; Xavier Draye ; Stéphane DeclerckSource :
- Fungal biology [ 1878-6146 ] ; 2012.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , metabolism : Alginates.
- growth & development : Mycorrhizae.
- methods : Cryopreservation, Desiccation, Mycology.
- microbiology : Daucus carota.
- physiology : Mycorrhizae.
- radiation effects : Mycorrhizae.
- Microbial Viability, Microspheres.
Abstract
At present, over 300 species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been identified, most of which being stored in international collections. Their maintenance is mostly achieved in greenhouse via continuous culture on trap plants or in vitro in association with excised root organs. Both methods are work-intensive and for the former present the risk of unwanted contaminations. The in vitro root organ culture of AMF has become an alternative preventing contamination. Nevertheless, the risk for somaclonal variation during the sub-cultivation process cannot be excluded. A method for the long-term conservation that guarantees the stability of the biological material is thus highly demanded to preserve the microorganisms and their genetic stability. Here, 12 AMF isolates cultured in vitro in association with excised carrot roots were encapsulated in alginate beads and subsequently cryopreserved. Several protocols were tested taking into consideration culture age, alginate bead pre-drying, and rate of decrease in temperature. The viability of the AMF isolates was estimated by the percentage of potentially infective beads (%PIB) that measure the % of beads that contain at least one germinated propagule. Thermal behaviour of alginate beads was analysed by a differential thermal calorimeter before and after drying to estimate the frozen and unfrozen water during the cryopreservation process. It was shown that the spore damage was directly related to ice formation during cryopreservation. The encapsulation and culture age were also determinant parameters for the successful cryopreservation. Irrespective of the AMF isolate, the optimal procedure for cryopreservation comprised five steps: (1) the encapsulation of propagules (i.e. spores and mycorrhizal root pieces) isolated from 5m old cultures, (2) the incubation overnight in trehalose (0.5M), (3) the drying during 48h at 27°C, (4) the cryopreservation in the freezer at -130°C following a two-step decrease in temperature: a fast decrease (∼12°Cmin(-1)) from room temperature (+20°C) to -110°C followed by a slow decrease in temperature (∼1°Cmin(-1)) from -110°C to -130°C, and (5) the direct thawing in a water bath (+35°C). The % PIB was above 70 % for all the isolates and even above 95% for 11 out of the 12 isolates after several months of storage at ultra-low temperature. All the isolates kept their capacity to associate to an excised carrot root in vitro and to reproduce the fungal life cycle with the production of several hundreds to thousands of spores after 2m. This method opens the door for the long-term maintenance at ultra-low temperature of AMF isolates within international repositories.
DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2012.07.007
PubMed: 23063182
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pubmed:23063182Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Lalaymia, Ismahen" sort="Lalaymia, Ismahen" uniqKey="Lalaymia I" first="Ismahen" last="Lalaymia">Ismahen Lalaymia</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Université catholique de Louvain, Earth and Life Institute, Applied microbiology, Mycology, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Cranenbrouck, Sylvie" sort="Cranenbrouck, Sylvie" uniqKey="Cranenbrouck S" first="Sylvie" last="Cranenbrouck">Sylvie Cranenbrouck</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Draye, Xavier" sort="Draye, Xavier" uniqKey="Draye X" first="Xavier" last="Draye">Xavier Draye</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Declerck, Stephane" sort="Declerck, Stephane" uniqKey="Declerck S" first="Stéphane" last="Declerck">Stéphane Declerck</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Lalaymia, Ismahen" sort="Lalaymia, Ismahen" uniqKey="Lalaymia I" first="Ismahen" last="Lalaymia">Ismahen Lalaymia</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Cranenbrouck, Sylvie" sort="Cranenbrouck, Sylvie" uniqKey="Cranenbrouck S" first="Sylvie" last="Cranenbrouck">Sylvie Cranenbrouck</name>
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<series><title level="j">Fungal biology</title>
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Alginates (metabolism)</term>
<term>Cryopreservation (methods)</term>
<term>Daucus carota (microbiology)</term>
<term>Desiccation (methods)</term>
<term>Microbial Viability (MeSH)</term>
<term>Microspheres (MeSH)</term>
<term>Mycology (methods)</term>
<term>Mycorrhizae (growth & development)</term>
<term>Mycorrhizae (physiology)</term>
<term>Mycorrhizae (radiation effects)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Alginates</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="growth & development" xml:lang="en"><term>Mycorrhizae</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Cryopreservation</term>
<term>Desiccation</term>
<term>Mycology</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Daucus carota</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Mycorrhizae</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="radiation effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Mycorrhizae</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">At present, over 300 species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been identified, most of which being stored in international collections. Their maintenance is mostly achieved in greenhouse via continuous culture on trap plants or in vitro in association with excised root organs. Both methods are work-intensive and for the former present the risk of unwanted contaminations. The in vitro root organ culture of AMF has become an alternative preventing contamination. Nevertheless, the risk for somaclonal variation during the sub-cultivation process cannot be excluded. A method for the long-term conservation that guarantees the stability of the biological material is thus highly demanded to preserve the microorganisms and their genetic stability. Here, 12 AMF isolates cultured in vitro in association with excised carrot roots were encapsulated in alginate beads and subsequently cryopreserved. Several protocols were tested taking into consideration culture age, alginate bead pre-drying, and rate of decrease in temperature. The viability of the AMF isolates was estimated by the percentage of potentially infective beads (%PIB) that measure the % of beads that contain at least one germinated propagule. Thermal behaviour of alginate beads was analysed by a differential thermal calorimeter before and after drying to estimate the frozen and unfrozen water during the cryopreservation process. It was shown that the spore damage was directly related to ice formation during cryopreservation. The encapsulation and culture age were also determinant parameters for the successful cryopreservation. Irrespective of the AMF isolate, the optimal procedure for cryopreservation comprised five steps: (1) the encapsulation of propagules (i.e. spores and mycorrhizal root pieces) isolated from 5m old cultures, (2) the incubation overnight in trehalose (0.5M), (3) the drying during 48h at 27°C, (4) the cryopreservation in the freezer at -130°C following a two-step decrease in temperature: a fast decrease (∼12°Cmin(-1)) from room temperature (+20°C) to -110°C followed by a slow decrease in temperature (∼1°Cmin(-1)) from -110°C to -130°C, and (5) the direct thawing in a water bath (+35°C). The % PIB was above 70 % for all the isolates and even above 95% for 11 out of the 12 isolates after several months of storage at ultra-low temperature. All the isolates kept their capacity to associate to an excised carrot root in vitro and to reproduce the fungal life cycle with the production of several hundreds to thousands of spores after 2m. This method opens the door for the long-term maintenance at ultra-low temperature of AMF isolates within international repositories.</div>
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<Abstract><AbstractText>At present, over 300 species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been identified, most of which being stored in international collections. Their maintenance is mostly achieved in greenhouse via continuous culture on trap plants or in vitro in association with excised root organs. Both methods are work-intensive and for the former present the risk of unwanted contaminations. The in vitro root organ culture of AMF has become an alternative preventing contamination. Nevertheless, the risk for somaclonal variation during the sub-cultivation process cannot be excluded. A method for the long-term conservation that guarantees the stability of the biological material is thus highly demanded to preserve the microorganisms and their genetic stability. Here, 12 AMF isolates cultured in vitro in association with excised carrot roots were encapsulated in alginate beads and subsequently cryopreserved. Several protocols were tested taking into consideration culture age, alginate bead pre-drying, and rate of decrease in temperature. The viability of the AMF isolates was estimated by the percentage of potentially infective beads (%PIB) that measure the % of beads that contain at least one germinated propagule. Thermal behaviour of alginate beads was analysed by a differential thermal calorimeter before and after drying to estimate the frozen and unfrozen water during the cryopreservation process. It was shown that the spore damage was directly related to ice formation during cryopreservation. The encapsulation and culture age were also determinant parameters for the successful cryopreservation. Irrespective of the AMF isolate, the optimal procedure for cryopreservation comprised five steps: (1) the encapsulation of propagules (i.e. spores and mycorrhizal root pieces) isolated from 5m old cultures, (2) the incubation overnight in trehalose (0.5M), (3) the drying during 48h at 27°C, (4) the cryopreservation in the freezer at -130°C following a two-step decrease in temperature: a fast decrease (∼12°Cmin(-1)) from room temperature (+20°C) to -110°C followed by a slow decrease in temperature (∼1°Cmin(-1)) from -110°C to -130°C, and (5) the direct thawing in a water bath (+35°C). The % PIB was above 70 % for all the isolates and even above 95% for 11 out of the 12 isolates after several months of storage at ultra-low temperature. All the isolates kept their capacity to associate to an excised carrot root in vitro and to reproduce the fungal life cycle with the production of several hundreds to thousands of spores after 2m. This method opens the door for the long-term maintenance at ultra-low temperature of AMF isolates within international repositories.</AbstractText>
<CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2012 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation>
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