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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The Impact of Recombination Hotspots on Genome Evolution of a Fungal Plant Pathogen</title><author><name sortKey="Croll, Daniel" sort="Croll, Daniel" uniqKey="Croll D" first="Daniel" last="Croll">Daniel Croll</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lendenmann, Mark H" sort="Lendenmann, Mark H" uniqKey="Lendenmann M" first="Mark H." last="Lendenmann">Mark H. Lendenmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stewart, Ethan" sort="Stewart, Ethan" uniqKey="Stewart E" first="Ethan" last="Stewart">Ethan Stewart</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcdonald, Bruce A" sort="Mcdonald, Bruce A" uniqKey="Mcdonald B" first="Bruce A." last="Mcdonald">Bruce A. Mcdonald</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">26392286</idno><idno type="pmc">4649646</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4649646</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4649646</idno><idno type="doi">10.1534/genetics.115.180968</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000005</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000005</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">The Impact of Recombination Hotspots on Genome Evolution of a Fungal Plant Pathogen</title><author><name sortKey="Croll, Daniel" sort="Croll, Daniel" uniqKey="Croll D" first="Daniel" last="Croll">Daniel Croll</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lendenmann, Mark H" sort="Lendenmann, Mark H" uniqKey="Lendenmann M" first="Mark H." last="Lendenmann">Mark H. Lendenmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stewart, Ethan" sort="Stewart, Ethan" uniqKey="Stewart E" first="Ethan" last="Stewart">Ethan Stewart</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcdonald, Bruce A" sort="Mcdonald, Bruce A" uniqKey="Mcdonald B" first="Bruce A." last="Mcdonald">Bruce A. Mcdonald</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Genetics</title><idno type="ISSN">0016-6731</idno><idno type="eISSN">1943-2631</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Recombination has an impact on genome evolution by maintaining chromosomal integrity, affecting the efficacy of selection, and increasing genetic variability in populations. Recombination rates are a key determinant of the coevolutionary dynamics between hosts and their pathogens. Historic recombination events created devastating new pathogens, but the impact of ongoing recombination in sexual pathogens is poorly understood. Many fungal pathogens of plants undergo regular sexual cycles, and sex is considered to be a major factor contributing to virulence. We generated a recombination map at kilobase-scale resolution for the haploid plant pathogenic fungus <italic>Zymoseptoria tritici</italic>. To account for intraspecific variation in recombination rates, we constructed genetic maps from two independent crosses. We localized a total of 10,287 crossover events in 441 progeny and found that recombination rates were highly heterogeneous within and among chromosomes. Recombination rates on large chromosomes were inversely correlated with chromosome length. Short accessory chromosomes often lacked evidence for crossovers between parental chromosomes. Recombination was concentrated in narrow hotspots that were preferentially located close to telomeres. Hotspots were only partially conserved between the two crosses, suggesting that hotspots are short-lived and may vary according to genomic background. Genes located in hotspot regions were enriched in genes encoding secreted proteins. Population resequencing showed that chromosomal regions with high recombination rates were strongly correlated with regions of low linkage disequilibrium. Hence, genes in pathogen recombination hotspots are likely to evolve faster in natural populations and may represent a greater threat to the host.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Genetics</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Genetics</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">genetics</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">genetics</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">genetics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Genetics</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-6731</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1943-2631</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Genetics Society of America</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26392286</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4649646</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">180968</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1534/genetics.115.180968</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Investigations</subject><subj-group><subject>Population and Evolutionary Genetics</subject></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The Impact of Recombination Hotspots on Genome Evolution of a Fungal Plant Pathogen</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Croll</surname><given-names>Daniel</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">*</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>†</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lendenmann</surname><given-names>Mark H.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Stewart</surname><given-names>Ethan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>McDonald</surname><given-names>Bruce A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">*</xref></contrib><aff id="aff1"><label>*</label>Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland</aff><aff id="aff2"><label>†</label>Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4</aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><label>1</label>Corresponding author: LFW B28, Universitätsstrasse 2, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland. E-mail: <email>daniel.croll@usys.ethz.ch</email></corresp></author-notes><pmc-comment>Fake ppub date generated by PMC from publisher
pub-date/@pub-type='epub-ppub' </pmc-comment>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>11</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>9</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>201</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>1213</fpage><lpage>1228</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>29</day><month>7</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>17</day><month>9</month><year>2015</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2015 by the Genetics Society of America</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year></permissions><self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="1213.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p>Recombination has an impact on genome evolution by maintaining chromosomal integrity, affecting the efficacy of selection, and increasing genetic variability in populations. Recombination rates are a key determinant of the coevolutionary dynamics between hosts and their pathogens. Historic recombination events created devastating new pathogens, but the impact of ongoing recombination in sexual pathogens is poorly understood. Many fungal pathogens of plants undergo regular sexual cycles, and sex is considered to be a major factor contributing to virulence. We generated a recombination map at kilobase-scale resolution for the haploid plant pathogenic fungus <italic>Zymoseptoria tritici</italic>. To account for intraspecific variation in recombination rates, we constructed genetic maps from two independent crosses. We localized a total of 10,287 crossover events in 441 progeny and found that recombination rates were highly heterogeneous within and among chromosomes. Recombination rates on large chromosomes were inversely correlated with chromosome length. Short accessory chromosomes often lacked evidence for crossovers between parental chromosomes. Recombination was concentrated in narrow hotspots that were preferentially located close to telomeres. Hotspots were only partially conserved between the two crosses, suggesting that hotspots are short-lived and may vary according to genomic background. Genes located in hotspot regions were enriched in genes encoding secreted proteins. Population resequencing showed that chromosomal regions with high recombination rates were strongly correlated with regions of low linkage disequilibrium. Hence, genes in pathogen recombination hotspots are likely to evolve faster in natural populations and may represent a greater threat to the host.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>recombination hotspots</kwd><kwd>pathogen evolution</kwd><kwd>restriction site–associated DNA sequencing</kwd><kwd>population genomics</kwd><kwd>linkage disequilibrium</kwd></kwd-group><counts><fig-count count="7"></fig-count><table-count count="4"></table-count><equation-count count="0"></equation-count><ref-count count="94"></ref-count><page-count count="16"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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