Comparative Genomics of Sibling Fungal Pathogenic Taxa Identifies Adaptive Evolution without Divergence in Pathogenicity Genes or Genomic Structure
Identifieur interne : 000637 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 000636; suivant : 000638Comparative Genomics of Sibling Fungal Pathogenic Taxa Identifies Adaptive Evolution without Divergence in Pathogenicity Genes or Genomic Structure
Auteurs : Fabiano Sillo [Italie] ; Matteo Garbelotto [États-Unis] ; Maria Friedman [États-Unis] ; Paolo Gonthier [Italie]Source :
- Genome Biology and Evolution [ 1759-6653 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
It has been estimated that the sister plant pathogenic fungal species
Url:
DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evv209
PubMed: 26527650
PubMed Central: 4700942
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Comparative Genomics of Sibling Fungal Pathogenic Taxa Identifies Adaptive Evolution without Divergence in Pathogenicity Genes or Genomic Structure</title>
<author><name sortKey="Sillo, Fabiano" sort="Sillo, Fabiano" uniqKey="Sillo F" first="Fabiano" last="Sillo">Fabiano Sillo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="evv209-AFF1">Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, Grugliasco</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Grugliasco</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Garbelotto, Matteo" sort="Garbelotto, Matteo" uniqKey="Garbelotto M" first="Matteo" last="Garbelotto">Matteo Garbelotto</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="evv209-AFF2">Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley</nlm:aff>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Berkeley (Californie)</settlement>
<region type="state">Californie</region>
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<wicri:orgArea>Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California</wicri:orgArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Friedman, Maria" sort="Friedman, Maria" uniqKey="Friedman M" first="Maria" last="Friedman">Maria Friedman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="evv209-AFF2">Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley</nlm:aff>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Berkeley (Californie)</settlement>
<region type="state">Californie</region>
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<wicri:orgArea>Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California</wicri:orgArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Gonthier, Paolo" sort="Gonthier, Paolo" uniqKey="Gonthier P" first="Paolo" last="Gonthier">Paolo Gonthier</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, Grugliasco</wicri:regionArea>
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<series><title level="j">Genome Biology and Evolution</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1759-6653</idno>
<imprint><date when="2015">2015</date>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>It has been estimated that the sister plant pathogenic fungal species <italic>Heterobasidion irregulare</italic>
and <italic>Heterobasidion annosum</italic>
may have been allopatrically isolated for 34–41 Myr. They are now sympatric due to the introduction of the first species from North America into Italy, where they freely hybridize. We used a comparative genomic approach to 1) confirm that the two species are distinct at the genomic level; 2) determine which gene groups have diverged the most and the least between species; 3) show that their overall genomic structures are similar, as predicted by the viability of hybrids, and identify genomic regions that instead are incongruent; and 4) test the previously formulated hypothesis that genes involved in pathogenicity may be less divergent between the two species than genes involved in saprobic decay and sporulation. Results based on the sequencing of three genomes per species identified a high level of interspecific similarity, but clearly confirmed the status of the two as distinct taxa. Genes involved in pathogenicity were more conserved between species than genes involved in saprobic growth and sporulation, corroborating at the genomic level that invasiveness may be determined by the two latter traits, as documented by field and inoculation studies. Additionally, the majority of genes under positive selection and the majority of genes bearing interspecific structural variations were involved either in transcriptional or in mitochondrial functions. This study provides genomic-level evidence that invasiveness of pathogenic microbes can be attained without the high levels of pathogenicity presumed to exist for pathogens challenging naïve hosts.</p>
</div>
</front>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Genome Biol Evol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Genome Biol Evol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gbe</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">gbe</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Genome Biology and Evolution</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1759-6653</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Oxford University Press</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26527650</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4700942</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/gbe/evv209</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">evv209</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Comparative Genomics of Sibling Fungal Pathogenic Taxa Identifies Adaptive Evolution without Divergence in Pathogenicity Genes or Genomic Structure</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sillo</surname>
<given-names>Fabiano</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="evv209-AFF1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="evv209-FN1"><sup>†</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Garbelotto</surname>
<given-names>Matteo</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="evv209-AFF2"><sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="evv209-FN1"><sup>†</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Friedman</surname>
<given-names>Maria</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="evv209-AFF2"><sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gonthier</surname>
<given-names>Paolo</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="evv209-AFF1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="evv209-COR1">*</xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="evv209-AFF1"><sup>1</sup>
Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy</aff>
<aff id="evv209-AFF2"><sup>2</sup>
Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley</aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes><corresp id="evv209-COR1">*Corresponding author: E-mail: <email>paolo.gonthier@unito.it</email>
.</corresp>
<fn id="evv209-FN1"><p><sup>†</sup>
These authors contributed equally to this work.</p>
</fn>
<fn id="evv209-FN2"><p><bold>Associate editor:</bold>
Takashi Gojobori</p>
</fn>
<fn id="evv209-FN3"><p><bold>Data deposition:</bold>
Sequences of raw reads, alignments (BAM files), and de novo assembled genomes have been deposited at the EMBL database ENA—European Nucleotide Archive as a project under the accession PRJEB8921.</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><month>12</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>01</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on the
. </pmc-comment>
<volume>7</volume>
<issue>12</issue>
<fpage>3190</fpage>
<lpage>3206</lpage>
<history><date date-type="accepted"><day>26</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2015</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© The Author(s) 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
<license license-type="creative-commons" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"><license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/</ext-link>
), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract><p>It has been estimated that the sister plant pathogenic fungal species <italic>Heterobasidion irregulare</italic>
and <italic>Heterobasidion annosum</italic>
may have been allopatrically isolated for 34–41 Myr. They are now sympatric due to the introduction of the first species from North America into Italy, where they freely hybridize. We used a comparative genomic approach to 1) confirm that the two species are distinct at the genomic level; 2) determine which gene groups have diverged the most and the least between species; 3) show that their overall genomic structures are similar, as predicted by the viability of hybrids, and identify genomic regions that instead are incongruent; and 4) test the previously formulated hypothesis that genes involved in pathogenicity may be less divergent between the two species than genes involved in saprobic decay and sporulation. Results based on the sequencing of three genomes per species identified a high level of interspecific similarity, but clearly confirmed the status of the two as distinct taxa. Genes involved in pathogenicity were more conserved between species than genes involved in saprobic growth and sporulation, corroborating at the genomic level that invasiveness may be determined by the two latter traits, as documented by field and inoculation studies. Additionally, the majority of genes under positive selection and the majority of genes bearing interspecific structural variations were involved either in transcriptional or in mitochondrial functions. This study provides genomic-level evidence that invasiveness of pathogenic microbes can be attained without the high levels of pathogenicity presumed to exist for pathogens challenging naïve hosts.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>plant pathogenic fungi</kwd>
<kwd><italic>Heterobasidion</italic>
</kwd>
<kwd>structural variations</kwd>
<kwd>d<italic>N</italic>
/d<italic>S</italic>
</kwd>
<kwd>allopatric speciation</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<counts><page-count count="17"></page-count>
</counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Italie</li>
<li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region><li>Californie</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Berkeley (Californie)</li>
</settlement>
</list>
<tree><country name="Italie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Sillo, Fabiano" sort="Sillo, Fabiano" uniqKey="Sillo F" first="Fabiano" last="Sillo">Fabiano Sillo</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Gonthier, Paolo" sort="Gonthier, Paolo" uniqKey="Gonthier P" first="Paolo" last="Gonthier">Paolo Gonthier</name>
</country>
<country name="États-Unis"><region name="Californie"><name sortKey="Garbelotto, Matteo" sort="Garbelotto, Matteo" uniqKey="Garbelotto M" first="Matteo" last="Garbelotto">Matteo Garbelotto</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Friedman, Maria" sort="Friedman, Maria" uniqKey="Friedman M" first="Maria" last="Friedman">Maria Friedman</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
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