Phytophthora Species, New Threats to the Plant Health in Korea
Identifieur interne : 000285 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000284; suivant : 000286Phytophthora Species, New Threats to the Plant Health in Korea
Auteurs : Ik-Hwa Hyun [Corée du Sud] ; Woobong Choi [Corée du Sud]Source :
- The Plant Pathology Journal [ 1598-2254 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
Given the lack of a resistant genetic pool in host plants, the introduction of exotic invasive pathogens can result in epidemics that affect a specific ecosystem and economy. Plant quarantine, which is designed to protect endemic plant resources, is a highly invaluable safeguard that should keep biosecurity with increasing international trade and global transportation. A total of 34 species of plant pathogens including
Url:
DOI: 10.5423/PPJ.RW.07.2014.0068
PubMed: 25506298
PubMed Central: 4262286
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Species, New Threats to the Plant Health in Korea</title>
<author><name sortKey="Hyun, Ik Hwa" sort="Hyun, Ik Hwa" uniqKey="Hyun I" first="Ik-Hwa" last="Hyun">Ik-Hwa Hyun</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-ppj-30-331">Plant Quarantine Technology Center, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Suwon 443-400, Korea</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Plant Quarantine Technology Center, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Suwon 443-400</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Choi, Woobong" sort="Choi, Woobong" uniqKey="Choi W" first="Woobong" last="Choi">Woobong Choi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af2-ppj-30-331">Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Dongeui University, Busan 614-714, Korea</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Dongeui University, Busan 614-714</wicri:regionArea>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main"><italic>Phytophthora</italic>
Species, New Threats to the Plant Health in Korea</title>
<author><name sortKey="Hyun, Ik Hwa" sort="Hyun, Ik Hwa" uniqKey="Hyun I" first="Ik-Hwa" last="Hyun">Ik-Hwa Hyun</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-ppj-30-331">Plant Quarantine Technology Center, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Suwon 443-400, Korea</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Plant Quarantine Technology Center, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Suwon 443-400</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Choi, Woobong" sort="Choi, Woobong" uniqKey="Choi W" first="Woobong" last="Choi">Woobong Choi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af2-ppj-30-331">Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Dongeui University, Busan 614-714, Korea</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Dongeui University, Busan 614-714</wicri:regionArea>
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<series><title level="j">The Plant Pathology Journal</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1598-2254</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">2093-9280</idno>
<imprint><date when="2014">2014</date>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Given the lack of a resistant genetic pool in host plants, the introduction of exotic invasive pathogens can result in epidemics that affect a specific ecosystem and economy. Plant quarantine, which is designed to protect endemic plant resources, is a highly invaluable safeguard that should keep biosecurity with increasing international trade and global transportation. A total of 34 species of plant pathogens including <italic>Phytophthora infestans</italic>
were documented as introduced from other countries into Korea from 1900 to 2010. The genus <italic>Phytophthora</italic>
, classified in oomycetes, includes more than 120 species that are mostly recognized worldwide as highly invasive plant pathogens. After 2000, over 50 new species of <italic>Phytophthora</italic>
were identified internationally as plant pathogens occurring in crops and forest trees. In Korea, <italic>Phytophthora</italic>
is also one of the most serious plant pathogens. To date, 22 species (about one-fifth of known species) of the genus have been identified and reported as plant pathogens in the country. The likelihood of new exotic <italic>Phytophthora</italic>
species being introduced into Korea continues to increase, thus necessitating intensive plant quarantine inspections. As new potential threats to plant health in Korea, six <italic>Phytophthora</italic>
species, namely, <italic>P. alni</italic>
, <italic>P. inundata</italic>
, <italic>P. kernoviae</italic>
, <italic>P. pinifolia</italic>
, <italic>P. quercina</italic>
, and <italic>P. ramorum</italic>
, are discussed in this review with focus on history, disease, biology, management, and plant quarantine issues.</p>
</div>
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<pmc article-type="review-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Plant Pathol J</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Plant Pathol. J</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>The Plant Pathology Journal</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1598-2254</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">2093-9280</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Korean Society of Plant Pathology</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25506298</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4262286</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5423/PPJ.RW.07.2014.0068</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">ppj-30-331</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Mini-Review</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title><italic>Phytophthora</italic>
Species, New Threats to the Plant Health in Korea</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hyun</surname>
<given-names>Ik-Hwa</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-ppj-30-331">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Choi</surname>
<given-names>Woobong</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2-ppj-30-331">2</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1-ppj-30-331">*</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="af1-ppj-30-331"><label>1</label>
Plant Quarantine Technology Center, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Suwon 443-400, Korea</aff>
<aff id="af2-ppj-30-331"><label>2</label>
Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Dongeui University, Busan 614-714, Korea</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="c1-ppj-30-331"><label>*</label>
Corresponding author. Phone) +82-51-890-2279, FAX) +82-51-890-2632, E-mail) <email>wbchoi@deu.ac.kr</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>12</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>30</volume>
<issue>4</issue>
<fpage>331</fpage>
<lpage>342</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>28</day>
<month>7</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
<date date-type="rev-recd"><day>29</day>
<month>9</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>01</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© The Korean Society of Plant Pathology</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2014</copyright-year>
</permissions>
<abstract><p>Given the lack of a resistant genetic pool in host plants, the introduction of exotic invasive pathogens can result in epidemics that affect a specific ecosystem and economy. Plant quarantine, which is designed to protect endemic plant resources, is a highly invaluable safeguard that should keep biosecurity with increasing international trade and global transportation. A total of 34 species of plant pathogens including <italic>Phytophthora infestans</italic>
were documented as introduced from other countries into Korea from 1900 to 2010. The genus <italic>Phytophthora</italic>
, classified in oomycetes, includes more than 120 species that are mostly recognized worldwide as highly invasive plant pathogens. After 2000, over 50 new species of <italic>Phytophthora</italic>
were identified internationally as plant pathogens occurring in crops and forest trees. In Korea, <italic>Phytophthora</italic>
is also one of the most serious plant pathogens. To date, 22 species (about one-fifth of known species) of the genus have been identified and reported as plant pathogens in the country. The likelihood of new exotic <italic>Phytophthora</italic>
species being introduced into Korea continues to increase, thus necessitating intensive plant quarantine inspections. As new potential threats to plant health in Korea, six <italic>Phytophthora</italic>
species, namely, <italic>P. alni</italic>
, <italic>P. inundata</italic>
, <italic>P. kernoviae</italic>
, <italic>P. pinifolia</italic>
, <italic>P. quercina</italic>
, and <italic>P. ramorum</italic>
, are discussed in this review with focus on history, disease, biology, management, and plant quarantine issues.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>eradication</kwd>
<kwd>exclusion</kwd>
<kwd>exotic plant pathogens</kwd>
<kwd>plant quarantine</kwd>
<kwd><italic>Phytophthora</italic>
species</kwd>
<kwd><italic>P. alni</italic>
</kwd>
<kwd><italic>P. inundata</italic>
</kwd>
<kwd><italic>P. kernoviae</italic>
</kwd>
<kwd><italic>P. pinifolia</italic>
</kwd>
<kwd><italic>P. quercina</italic>
</kwd>
<kwd><italic>P. ramorum</italic>
</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<floats-group><table-wrap id="t1-ppj-30-331" position="float"><label>Table 1</label>
<caption><p>Four clonal lineages in <italic>P. ramorum</italic>
</p>
</caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="rows"><thead><tr><th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Clonal lineage</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Geographical distribution</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Habitat</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Growth/Pathogenicity</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mating type</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr><td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">EU1</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Europe, US</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">nursery</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">faster/higher</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A1</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">EU2</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Europe</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">forest, nursery</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">−/−</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A1</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NA1</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">North America (Pacific side)</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">forest, nursery, graden</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">slower/lower</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A2</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NA2</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">North America (British Columbia, Washington)</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">nursery</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">faster/higher</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A2</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</table-wrap>
<table-wrap id="t2-ppj-30-331" position="float"><label>Table 2</label>
<caption><p>Six <italic>Phytophthora</italic>
species threatening forest tree species in Korea</p>
</caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="rows"><thead><tr><th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Species</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Disease</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Year first identified</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Host range</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Distribution</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Sexual Reproduction</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Year for quarantine regulation in Korea</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>P. alni</italic>
</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alder root rot</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1993~1994</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alder<break></break>
Chestnut<break></break>
Walnut<break></break>
Cherry</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Europe<break></break>
North America</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Homothallic</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2006</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>P. inundata</italic>
</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Root ro<break></break>
Collar rot</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1970</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Aescules<break></break>
Salix<break></break>
Chestnut</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Worldwide</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Heterothallic</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Not listed yet</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>P. kernoviae</italic>
</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">canker</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2003</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Similar to <italic>P. ramorum</italic>
<break></break>
Expanding annually</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">England<break></break>
Ireland<break></break>
New Zealand</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Homothallic</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2006</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>P. pinifolia</italic>
</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Pine needle blight</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2004</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Pine</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chile</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Not Examined</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2008</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>P. quercina</italic>
</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Root rot</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1993</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Oaks</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Europe<break></break>
Asia<break></break>
USA</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Homothallic</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2004</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>P. ramorum</italic>
</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Stem canker (SOD)<break></break>
Blight of leaf or twig</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Early 1990’</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Oak trees and woody plants</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Europe, North America</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Heterothallic</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2004</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</table-wrap>
</floats-group>
</pmc>
</record>
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