Population History and Pathways of Spread of the Plant Pathogen Phytophthora plurivora
Identifieur interne : 000079 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000078; suivant : 000080Population History and Pathways of Spread of the Plant Pathogen Phytophthora plurivora
Auteurs : Corine N. Schoebel [Suisse] ; Jane Stewart [États-Unis] ; Niklaus J. Gruenwald [États-Unis] ; Daniel Rigling [Suisse] ; Simone Prospero [Suisse]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
Human activity has been shown to considerably affect the spread of dangerous pests and pathogens worldwide. Therefore, strict regulations of international trade exist for particularly harmful pathogenic organisms.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085368
PubMed: 24427303
PubMed Central: 3888410
Affiliations:
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Schoebel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf, Switzerland</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Birmensdorf</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stewart, Jane" sort="Stewart, Jane" uniqKey="Stewart J" first="Jane" last="Stewart">Jane Stewart</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>USDA-ARS-Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>USDA-ARS-Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gruenwald, Niklaus J" sort="Gruenwald, Niklaus J" uniqKey="Gruenwald N" first="Niklaus J." last="Gruenwald">Niklaus J. Gruenwald</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>USDA-ARS-Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>USDA-ARS-Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rigling, Daniel" sort="Rigling, Daniel" uniqKey="Rigling D" first="Daniel" last="Rigling">Daniel Rigling</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf, Switzerland</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Birmensdorf</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prospero, Simone" sort="Prospero, Simone" uniqKey="Prospero S" first="Simone" last="Prospero">Simone Prospero</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf, Switzerland</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Birmensdorf</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24427303</idno><idno type="pmc">3888410</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3888410</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3888410</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0085368</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000219</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000219</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000219</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000219</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000079</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000079</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Population History and Pathways of Spread of the Plant Pathogen <italic>Phytophthora plurivora</italic></title><author><name sortKey="Schoebel, Corine N" sort="Schoebel, Corine N" uniqKey="Schoebel C" first="Corine N." last="Schoebel">Corine N. Schoebel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf, Switzerland</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Birmensdorf</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stewart, Jane" sort="Stewart, Jane" uniqKey="Stewart J" first="Jane" last="Stewart">Jane Stewart</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>USDA-ARS-Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>USDA-ARS-Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gruenwald, Niklaus J" sort="Gruenwald, Niklaus J" uniqKey="Gruenwald N" first="Niklaus J." last="Gruenwald">Niklaus J. Gruenwald</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>USDA-ARS-Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>USDA-ARS-Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rigling, Daniel" sort="Rigling, Daniel" uniqKey="Rigling D" first="Daniel" last="Rigling">Daniel Rigling</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf, Switzerland</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Birmensdorf</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prospero, Simone" sort="Prospero, Simone" uniqKey="Prospero S" first="Simone" last="Prospero">Simone Prospero</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf, Switzerland</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Birmensdorf</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Human activity has been shown to considerably affect the spread of dangerous pests and pathogens worldwide. Therefore, strict regulations of international trade exist for particularly harmful pathogenic organisms. <italic>Phytophthora plurivora,</italic> which is not subject to regulations, is a plant pathogen frequently found on a broad range of host species, both in natural and artificial environments. It is supposed to be native to Europe while resident populations are also present in the US. We characterized a hierarchical sample of isolates from Europe and the US and conducted coalescent-, migration, and population genetic analysis of sequence and microsatellite data, to determine the pathways of spread and the demographic history of this pathogen. We found <italic>P. plurivora</italic> populations to be moderately diverse but not geographically structured. High levels of gene flow were observed within Europe and unidirectional from Europe to the US. Coalescent analyses revealed a signal of a recent expansion of the global <italic>P. plurivora</italic> population. Our study shows that <italic>P. plurivora</italic> has most likely been spread around the world by nursery trade of diseased plant material. In particular, <italic>P. plurivora</italic> was introduced into the US from Europe. International trade has allowed the pathogen to colonize new environments and/or hosts, resulting in population growth.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hulme, Pe" uniqKey="Hulme P">PE Hulme</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bacher, S" uniqKey="Bacher S">S Bacher</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kenis, M" uniqKey="Kenis M">M Kenis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Klotz, S" uniqKey="Klotz S">S Klotz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kuehn, I" uniqKey="Kuehn I">I Kuehn</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Westphal, Mi" uniqKey="Westphal M">MI Westphal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Browne, M" uniqKey="Browne M">M Browne</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mackinnon, K" uniqKey="Mackinnon K">K MacKinnon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Noble, I" uniqKey="Noble I">I 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24427303</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3888410</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-13-39271</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0085368</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Agriculture</subject><subj-group><subject>Forestry</subject></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Pest Control</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Biology</subject><subj-group><subject>Ecology</subject></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Evolutionary Biology</subject></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Genetics</subject></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Microbiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Microbial Evolution</subject><subject>Microbial Pathogens</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Plant Science</subject><subj-group><subject>Plant Pathology</subject><subj-group><subject>Plant Pathogens</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Population Biology</subject><subj-group><subject>Population Genetics</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Population History and Pathways of Spread of the Plant Pathogen <italic>Phytophthora plurivora</italic></article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Population History of <italic>Phytophthora plurivora</italic></alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Schoebel</surname><given-names>Corine N.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Stewart</surname><given-names>Jane</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup></xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn1"><sup>¤</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gruenwald</surname><given-names>Niklaus J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rigling</surname><given-names>Daniel</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Prospero</surname><given-names>Simone</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label><addr-line>Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf, Switzerland</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label><addr-line>USDA-ARS-Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff3"><label>3</label><addr-line>Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Gijzen</surname><given-names>Mark</given-names></name><role>Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canada</addr-line></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail: <email>corine.schoebel@wsl.ch</email></corresp><fn fn-type="conflict"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p></fn><fn fn-type="con"><p>Conceived and designed the experiments: CNS DR SP. Performed the experiments: CNS. Analyzed the data: CNS JS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: NJG DR SP. Wrote the paper: CNS JS NJG DR SP.</p></fn><fn id="fn1" fn-type="current-aff"><label>¤</label><p>Current address: University of Georgia, Department of Plant Pathology, Athens, Georgia, United States of America</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>1</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>e85368</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>24</day><month>9</month><year>2013</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>25</day><month>11</month><year>2013</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><license><license-p>This is an open-access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>Human activity has been shown to considerably affect the spread of dangerous pests and pathogens worldwide. Therefore, strict regulations of international trade exist for particularly harmful pathogenic organisms. <italic>Phytophthora plurivora,</italic> which is not subject to regulations, is a plant pathogen frequently found on a broad range of host species, both in natural and artificial environments. It is supposed to be native to Europe while resident populations are also present in the US. We characterized a hierarchical sample of isolates from Europe and the US and conducted coalescent-, migration, and population genetic analysis of sequence and microsatellite data, to determine the pathways of spread and the demographic history of this pathogen. We found <italic>P. plurivora</italic> populations to be moderately diverse but not geographically structured. High levels of gene flow were observed within Europe and unidirectional from Europe to the US. Coalescent analyses revealed a signal of a recent expansion of the global <italic>P. plurivora</italic> population. Our study shows that <italic>P. plurivora</italic> has most likely been spread around the world by nursery trade of diseased plant material. In particular, <italic>P. plurivora</italic> was introduced into the US from Europe. International trade has allowed the pathogen to colonize new environments and/or hosts, resulting in population growth.</p></abstract><funding-group><funding-statement>This study was funded by COST Switzerland (project SER C10.0129) and supported by an international short visit grant of the Swiss National Science Foundation to CNS. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><page-count count="11"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Suisse</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Oregon</li></region></list><tree><country name="Suisse"><noRegion><name sortKey="Schoebel, Corine N" sort="Schoebel, Corine N" uniqKey="Schoebel C" first="Corine N." last="Schoebel">Corine N. Schoebel</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Prospero, Simone" sort="Prospero, Simone" uniqKey="Prospero S" first="Simone" last="Prospero">Simone Prospero</name><name sortKey="Rigling, Daniel" sort="Rigling, Daniel" uniqKey="Rigling D" first="Daniel" last="Rigling">Daniel Rigling</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Oregon"><name sortKey="Stewart, Jane" sort="Stewart, Jane" uniqKey="Stewart J" first="Jane" last="Stewart">Jane Stewart</name></region><name sortKey="Gruenwald, Niklaus J" sort="Gruenwald, Niklaus J" uniqKey="Gruenwald N" first="Niklaus J." last="Gruenwald">Niklaus J. Gruenwald</name><name sortKey="Gruenwald, Niklaus J" sort="Gruenwald, Niklaus J" uniqKey="Gruenwald N" first="Niklaus J." last="Gruenwald">Niklaus J. Gruenwald</name><name sortKey="Stewart, Jane" sort="Stewart, Jane" uniqKey="Stewart J" first="Jane" last="Stewart">Jane Stewart</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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