Tree Age Effects on Fine Root Biomass and Morphology over Chronosequences of Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur and Alnus glutinosa Stands
Identifieur interne : 000311 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 000310; suivant : 000312Tree Age Effects on Fine Root Biomass and Morphology over Chronosequences of Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur and Alnus glutinosa Stands
Auteurs : Andrzej M. Jagodzinski [Pologne] ; J Drzej Zi Kowski [Pologne] ; Aleksandra Warnkowska [Pologne] ; Hubert Prais [Pologne]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
There are few data on fine root biomass and morphology change in relation to stand age. Based on chronosequences for beech (9–140 years old), oak (11–140 years) and alder (4–76 years old) we aimed to examine how stand age affects fine root biomass and morphology. Soil cores from depths of 0–15 cm and 16–30 cm were used for the study. In contrast to previously published studies that suggested that maximum fine root biomass is reached at the canopy closure stage of stand development, we found almost linear increases of fine root biomass over stand age within the chronosequences. We did not observe any fine root biomass peak in the canopy closure stage. However, we found statistically significant increases of mean fine root biomass for the average individual tree in each chronosequence. Mean fine root biomass (0–30 cm) differed significantly among tree species chronosequences studied and was 4.32 Mg ha-1, 3.71 Mg ha-1 and 1.53 Mg ha-1, for beech, oak and alder stands, respectively. The highest fine root length, surface area, volume and number of fine root tips (0–30 cm soil depth), expressed on a stand area basis, occurred in beech stands, with medium values for oak stands and the lowest for alder stands. In the alder chronosequence all these values increased with stand age, in the beech chronosequence they decreased and in the oak chronosequence they increased until ca. 50 year old stands and then reached steady-state. Our study has proved statistically significant negative relationships between stand age and specific root length (SRL) in 0–30 cm soil depth for beech and oak chronosequences. Mean SRLs for each chronosequence were not significantly different among species for either soil depth studied. The results of this study indicate high fine root plasticity. Although only limited datasets are currently available, these data have provided valuable insight into fine root biomass and morphology of beech, oak and alder stands.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148668
PubMed: 26859755
PubMed Central: 4747558
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Jagodzinski</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Dendrology, Parkowa 5, PL-62-035 Kórnik, Poland</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Dendrology, Parkowa 5, PL-62-035 Kórnik</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>PL-62-035 Kórnik</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Poznań University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Game Management and Forest Protection, Wojska Polskiego 71c, PL-60-625 Poznań, Poland</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Poznań University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Game Management and Forest Protection, Wojska Polskiego 71c, PL-60-625 Poznań</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>PL-60-625 Poznań</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zi Kowski, J Drzej" sort="Zi Kowski, J Drzej" uniqKey="Zi Kowski J" first="J Drzej" last="Zi Kowski">J Drzej Zi Kowski</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Poznań University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Game Management and Forest Protection, Wojska Polskiego 71c, PL-60-625 Poznań, Poland</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Poznań University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Game Management and Forest Protection, Wojska Polskiego 71c, PL-60-625 Poznań</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>PL-60-625 Poznań</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Warnkowska, Aleksandra" sort="Warnkowska, Aleksandra" uniqKey="Warnkowska A" first="Aleksandra" last="Warnkowska">Aleksandra Warnkowska</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Poznań University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Game Management and Forest Protection, Wojska Polskiego 71c, PL-60-625 Poznań, Poland</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Poznań University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Game Management and Forest Protection, Wojska Polskiego 71c, PL-60-625 Poznań</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>PL-60-625 Poznań</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prais, Hubert" sort="Prais, Hubert" uniqKey="Prais H" first="Hubert" last="Prais">Hubert Prais</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Poznań University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Game Management and Forest Protection, Wojska Polskiego 71c, PL-60-625 Poznań, Poland</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Poznań University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Game Management and Forest Protection, Wojska Polskiego 71c, PL-60-625 Poznań</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>PL-60-625 Poznań</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>There are few data on fine root biomass and morphology change in relation to stand age. Based on chronosequences for beech (9–140 years old), oak (11–140 years) and alder (4–76 years old) we aimed to examine how stand age affects fine root biomass and morphology. Soil cores from depths of 0–15 cm and 16–30 cm were used for the study. In contrast to previously published studies that suggested that maximum fine root biomass is reached at the canopy closure stage of stand development, we found almost linear increases of fine root biomass over stand age within the chronosequences. We did not observe any fine root biomass peak in the canopy closure stage. However, we found statistically significant increases of mean fine root biomass for the average individual tree in each chronosequence. Mean fine root biomass (0–30 cm) differed significantly among tree species chronosequences studied and was 4.32 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>, 3.71 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> and 1.53 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>, for beech, oak and alder stands, respectively. The highest fine root length, surface area, volume and number of fine root tips (0–30 cm soil depth), expressed on a stand area basis, occurred in beech stands, with medium values for oak stands and the lowest for alder stands. In the alder chronosequence all these values increased with stand age, in the beech chronosequence they decreased and in the oak chronosequence they increased until ca. 50 year old stands and then reached steady-state. Our study has proved statistically significant negative relationships between stand age and specific root length (SRL) in 0–30 cm soil depth for beech and oak chronosequences. Mean SRLs for each chronosequence were not significantly different among species for either soil depth studied. The results of this study indicate high fine root plasticity. Although only limited datasets are currently available, these data have provided valuable insight into fine root biomass and morphology of beech, oak and alder stands.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mccormack, Ml" uniqKey="Mccormack M">ML McCormack</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dickie, Ia" uniqKey="Dickie I">IA Dickie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eissenstat, Dm" uniqKey="Eissenstat D">DM Eissenstat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fahey, Tj" uniqKey="Fahey T">TJ Fahey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fernandez, Cw" uniqKey="Fernandez C">CW Fernandez</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vogt, Ka" uniqKey="Vogt K">KA Vogt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vogt, Dj" uniqKey="Vogt D">DJ Vogt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Palmiotto, Pa" uniqKey="Palmiotto P">PA Palmiotto</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boon, P" uniqKey="Boon 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, CA USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26859755</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4747558</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0148668</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-15-49565</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Plant Science</subject><subj-group><subject>Plant Anatomy</subject><subj-group><subject>Plant Roots</subject><subj-group><subject>Fine Roots</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Organisms</subject><subj-group><subject>Plants</subject><subj-group><subject>Trees</subject><subj-group><subject>Beeches</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Organisms</subject><subj-group><subject>Plants</subject><subj-group><subject>Trees</subject><subj-group><subject>Oaks</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Organisms</subject><subj-group><subject>Plants</subject><subj-group><subject>Trees</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Ecology</subject><subj-group><subject>Ecological Metrics</subject><subj-group><subject>Biomass (Ecology)</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Ecology</subject><subj-group><subject>Ecological Metrics</subject><subj-group><subject>Biomass (Ecology)</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Ecology</subject><subj-group><subject>Ecosystems</subject><subj-group><subject>Forests</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Ecology</subject><subj-group><subject>Ecosystems</subject><subj-group><subject>Forests</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Terrestrial Environments</subject><subj-group><subject>Forests</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Organisms</subject><subj-group><subject>Plants</subject><subj-group><subject>Trees</subject><subj-group><subject>Pines</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Ecology</subject><subj-group><subject>Forest Ecology</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v3"><subject>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Ecology</subject><subj-group><subject>Forest Ecology</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Tree Age Effects on Fine Root Biomass and Morphology over Chronosequences of <italic>Fagus sylvatica</italic>, <italic>Quercus robur</italic> and <italic>Alnus glutinosa</italic> Stands</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Fine Root Biomass and Morphology over the Chronosequence of Beech, Oak and Alder Stands</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jagodzinski</surname><given-names>Andrzej M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor001">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ziółkowski</surname><given-names>Jędrzej</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Warnkowska</surname><given-names>Aleksandra</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Prais</surname><given-names>Hubert</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff001"><label>1</label><addr-line>Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Dendrology, Parkowa 5, PL-62-035 Kórnik, Poland</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff002"><label>2</label><addr-line>Poznań University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Game Management and Forest Protection, Wojska Polskiego 71c, PL-60-625 Poznań, Poland</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Lamb</surname><given-names>Eric Gordon</given-names></name><role>Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>University of Saskatchewan, CANADA</addr-line></aff><author-notes><fn fn-type="conflict" id="coi001"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p></fn><fn fn-type="con" id="contrib001"><p>Conceived and designed the experiments: AMJ JZ AW HP. Performed the experiments: AMJ JZ AW HP. Analyzed the data: AMJ JZ AW HP. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AMJ JZ AW HP. Wrote the paper: AMJ. Reviewed the final version of the manuscript: JZ AW HP.</p></fn><corresp id="cor001">* E-mail: <email>amj@man.poznan.pl</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>9</day><month>2</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><elocation-id>e0148668</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>12</day><month>11</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>21</day><month>1</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2016 Jagodzinski et al</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Jagodzinski et al</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License</ext-link>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="pone.0148668.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p>There are few data on fine root biomass and morphology change in relation to stand age. Based on chronosequences for beech (9–140 years old), oak (11–140 years) and alder (4–76 years old) we aimed to examine how stand age affects fine root biomass and morphology. Soil cores from depths of 0–15 cm and 16–30 cm were used for the study. In contrast to previously published studies that suggested that maximum fine root biomass is reached at the canopy closure stage of stand development, we found almost linear increases of fine root biomass over stand age within the chronosequences. We did not observe any fine root biomass peak in the canopy closure stage. However, we found statistically significant increases of mean fine root biomass for the average individual tree in each chronosequence. Mean fine root biomass (0–30 cm) differed significantly among tree species chronosequences studied and was 4.32 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>, 3.71 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> and 1.53 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>, for beech, oak and alder stands, respectively. The highest fine root length, surface area, volume and number of fine root tips (0–30 cm soil depth), expressed on a stand area basis, occurred in beech stands, with medium values for oak stands and the lowest for alder stands. In the alder chronosequence all these values increased with stand age, in the beech chronosequence they decreased and in the oak chronosequence they increased until ca. 50 year old stands and then reached steady-state. Our study has proved statistically significant negative relationships between stand age and specific root length (SRL) in 0–30 cm soil depth for beech and oak chronosequences. Mean SRLs for each chronosequence were not significantly different among species for either soil depth studied. The results of this study indicate high fine root plasticity. Although only limited datasets are currently available, these data have provided valuable insight into fine root biomass and morphology of beech, oak and alder stands.</p></abstract><funding-group><funding-statement>This study was supported by General Directorate of State Forests, Warsaw, Poland (research projects: ‘Carbon balance of the major forest-forming tree species in Poland’ (2007-2011) and ‘Environmental and genetic factors affecting productivity of forest ecosystems on forest and post-industrial habitats’ (2011-2015). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><fig-count count="7"></fig-count><table-count count="1"></table-count><page-count count="25"></page-count></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta id="data-availability"><meta-name>Data Availability</meta-name><meta-value>All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta><notes><title>Data Availability</title><p>All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.</p></notes></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Pologne</li></country></list><tree><country name="Pologne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Jagodzinski, Andrzej M" sort="Jagodzinski, Andrzej M" uniqKey="Jagodzinski A" first="Andrzej M." last="Jagodzinski">Andrzej M. Jagodzinski</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Jagodzinski, Andrzej M" sort="Jagodzinski, Andrzej M" uniqKey="Jagodzinski A" first="Andrzej M." last="Jagodzinski">Andrzej M. Jagodzinski</name><name sortKey="Prais, Hubert" sort="Prais, Hubert" uniqKey="Prais H" first="Hubert" last="Prais">Hubert Prais</name><name sortKey="Warnkowska, Aleksandra" sort="Warnkowska, Aleksandra" uniqKey="Warnkowska A" first="Aleksandra" last="Warnkowska">Aleksandra Warnkowska</name><name sortKey="Zi Kowski, J Drzej" sort="Zi Kowski, J Drzej" uniqKey="Zi Kowski J" first="J Drzej" last="Zi Kowski">J Drzej Zi Kowski</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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