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THE IMPORTANCE OF SAP FLOW MEASUREMENTS TO ESTIMATE ACTUAL WATER USE OF MESKI OLIVE TREES UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION REGIMES IN TUNISIA

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THE IMPORTANCE OF SAP FLOW MEASUREMENTS TO ESTIMATE ACTUAL WATER USE OF MESKI OLIVE TREES UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION REGIMES IN TUNISIA

Auteurs : Maurits W. Vandegehuchte [Belgique] ; Mohamed Braham [Tunisie] ; Raoul Lemeur [Belgique] ; Kathy Steppe [Belgique]

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RBID : ISTEX:FC4AC0A2D5CB6060B068A09E55F15914C354E550

Abstract

Improvement in irrigation techniques has led to an expansion of the irrigated olive area in Tunisia and consequently a rise in agricultural water consumption. Here, the actual water use of Olea europaea L. ‘Meski’ as estimated by thermal dissipation probe measurements was compared for different irrigation regimes: three plots with irrigation doses based on Penman–Monteith crop evapotranspiration (ETc), 0.33 × ETc and the local grower's experience (about 0.6 × ETc), respectively. The scaling up of sap flux densities proved to be difficult given the azimuthal and radial sap flux density variability and the conductive surface area asymmetry. Moreover, natural thermal gradients may lead to inaccurate use of standard sap flow formulas. Depending on the manner of upscaling, differences in water use of more than 50 l day‐1 per tree were obtained (up to 0.7 × ETc irrigation dose). Despite these difficulties, sap flow calculations seem crucial to accurately determine the water needs of the orchard under investigation, as they corresponded closely to the lowest irrigation dose which was considered sufficiently high as no significant differences in drought stress variables were detected between the plots. Therefore, irrigation based solely on ETc leads to wasting of water; hence, careful application of both meteorological and sap flow methods is desirable in irrigation scheduling. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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DOI: 10.1002/ird.1670

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