Red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) released in conifer woodland: the effects of source habitat, predation and interactions with grey squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis)
Identifieur interne : 001480 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001479; suivant : 001481Red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) released in conifer woodland: the effects of source habitat, predation and interactions with grey squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis)
Auteurs : R. E. Kenward ; K. H. HodderSource :
- Journal of Zoology [ 0952-8369 ] ; 1998-01.
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Abstract
Fourteen radio‐tagged red squirrels were released in pine woodland containing grey squirrels. Movements of the squirrels were related to the tree species of the donor site. Survival after release was lower than for the grey squirrels: of 11 red squirrels that survived at least a week, only three survived more than three months and none for four months. More than half were eaten or cached by predators, mainly foxes; an experiment with grey squirrel carcasses indicated that they had been killed, not scavenged after death. Hypertrophied adrenals, disease and loss of weight indicated stress as another factor in the deaths. Data on overlap of core ranges, and reluctance of red squirrels to enter traps used by grey squirrels in the mixed population, indicated interference competition between the two species, with grey squirrels possibly dominant. We recommend: (i) that care should be taken to release translocated animals in similar habitat to their origin; (ii) that grey squirrels should be excluded from future release areas until red squirrels have settled and, before biodiversity is reduced by landscape management for red squirrels; (iii) more research to determine whether interactions with grey squirrels or differential predation will ultimately displace red squirrels in conifers.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1998.tb00003.x
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E." last="Kenward">R. E. Kenward</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Furzebrook Research Station, Wareham, Dorset BH20 5AS</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>All correspondence to: R. E. Kenward, Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Furzebrook Research Station, Furzebrook Road, Wareham, Dorset BH20 5AS</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hodder, K H" sort="Hodder, K H" uniqKey="Hodder K" first="K. H." last="Hodder">K. H. Hodder</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Furzebrook Research Station, Wareham, Dorset BH20 5AS</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Journal of Zoology</title><idno type="ISSN">0952-8369</idno><idno type="eISSN">1469-7998</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="1998-01">1998-01</date><biblScope unit="volume">244</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="23">23</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="32">32</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0952-8369</idno></series><idno type="istex">C7D456D782BEAA5FB7CF6645F99C796E8099CD5E</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1469-7998.1998.tb00003.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">JZO23</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0952-8369</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>grey squirrel</term><term>habitat</term><term>radio tracking</term><term>red squirrel</term><term>translocation</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Fourteen radio‐tagged red squirrels were released in pine woodland containing grey squirrels. Movements of the squirrels were related to the tree species of the donor site. Survival after release was lower than for the grey squirrels: of 11 red squirrels that survived at least a week, only three survived more than three months and none for four months. More than half were eaten or cached by predators, mainly foxes; an experiment with grey squirrel carcasses indicated that they had been killed, not scavenged after death. Hypertrophied adrenals, disease and loss of weight indicated stress as another factor in the deaths. Data on overlap of core ranges, and reluctance of red squirrels to enter traps used by grey squirrels in the mixed population, indicated interference competition between the two species, with grey squirrels possibly dominant. We recommend: (i) that care should be taken to release translocated animals in similar habitat to their origin; (ii) that grey squirrels should be excluded from future release areas until red squirrels have settled and, before biodiversity is reduced by landscape management for red squirrels; (iii) more research to determine whether interactions with grey squirrels or differential predation will ultimately displace red squirrels in conifers.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>R.E. Kenward</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Furzebrook Research Station, Wareham, Dorset BH20 5AS</json:string><json:string>All correspondence to: R. E. Kenward, Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Furzebrook Research Station, Furzebrook Road, Wareham, Dorset BH20 5AS</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>K.H. Hodder</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Furzebrook Research Station, Wareham, Dorset BH20 5AS</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>red squirrel</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>grey squirrel</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>translocation</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>habitat</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>radio tracking</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>JZO23</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Fourteen radio‐tagged red squirrels were released in pine woodland containing grey squirrels. Movements of the squirrels were related to the tree species of the donor site. Survival after release was lower than for the grey squirrels: of 11 red squirrels that survived at least a week, only three survived more than three months and none for four months. More than half were eaten or cached by predators, mainly foxes; an experiment with grey squirrel carcasses indicated that they had been killed, not scavenged after death. Hypertrophied adrenals, disease and loss of weight indicated stress as another factor in the deaths. Data on overlap of core ranges, and reluctance of red squirrels to enter traps used by grey squirrels in the mixed population, indicated interference competition between the two species, with grey squirrels possibly dominant. We recommend: (i) that care should be taken to release translocated animals in similar habitat to their origin; (ii) that grey squirrels should be excluded from future release areas until red squirrels have settled and, before biodiversity is reduced by landscape management for red squirrels; (iii) more research to determine whether interactions with grey squirrels or differential predation will ultimately displace red squirrels in conifers.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>7.388</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>595 x 792 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>1298</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>6322</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>37715</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>10</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>199</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) released in conifer woodland: the effects of source habitat, predation and interactions with grey squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis)</title><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>D. 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Behav.</title></host><title>Spacing behaviour of red squirrels, Sciurus vulgaris: variation between habitats and the sexes</title></json:item></refBibs><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><volume>244</volume><publisherId><json:string>JZO</json:string></publisherId><pages><total>10</total><last>32</last><first>23</first></pages><issn><json:string>0952-8369</json:string></issn><issue>1</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1469-7998</json:string></eissn><title>Journal of Zoology</title><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1469-7998</json:string></doi></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>zoology</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>natural sciences</json:string><json:string>biology</json:string><json:string>zoology</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>1998</publicationDate><copyrightDate>1998</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1111/j.1469-7998.1998.tb00003.x</json:string></doi><id>C7D456D782BEAA5FB7CF6645F99C796E8099CD5E</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/C7D456D782BEAA5FB7CF6645F99C796E8099CD5E/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/C7D456D782BEAA5FB7CF6645F99C796E8099CD5E/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/C7D456D782BEAA5FB7CF6645F99C796E8099CD5E/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) released in conifer woodland: the effects of source habitat, predation and interactions with grey squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis)</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><availability><p>WILEY</p></availability><date>1998</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) released in conifer woodland: the effects of source habitat, predation and interactions with grey squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis)</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">R.E.</forename><surname>Kenward</surname></persName><affiliation>Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Furzebrook Research Station, Wareham, Dorset BH20 5AS</affiliation><affiliation>All correspondence to: R. E. Kenward, Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Furzebrook Research Station, Furzebrook Road, Wareham, Dorset BH20 5AS</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">K.H.</forename><surname>Hodder</surname></persName><affiliation>Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Furzebrook Research Station, Wareham, Dorset BH20 5AS</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Journal of Zoology</title><idno type="pISSN">0952-8369</idno><idno type="eISSN">1469-7998</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1469-7998</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="1998-01"></date><biblScope unit="volume">244</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="23">23</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="32">32</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">C7D456D782BEAA5FB7CF6645F99C796E8099CD5E</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1469-7998.1998.tb00003.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">JZO23</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1998</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Fourteen radio‐tagged red squirrels were released in pine woodland containing grey squirrels. Movements of the squirrels were related to the tree species of the donor site. Survival after release was lower than for the grey squirrels: of 11 red squirrels that survived at least a week, only three survived more than three months and none for four months. More than half were eaten or cached by predators, mainly foxes; an experiment with grey squirrel carcasses indicated that they had been killed, not scavenged after death. Hypertrophied adrenals, disease and loss of weight indicated stress as another factor in the deaths. Data on overlap of core ranges, and reluctance of red squirrels to enter traps used by grey squirrels in the mixed population, indicated interference competition between the two species, with grey squirrels possibly dominant. We recommend: (i) that care should be taken to release translocated animals in similar habitat to their origin; (ii) that grey squirrels should be excluded from future release areas until red squirrels have settled and, before biodiversity is reduced by landscape management for red squirrels; (iii) more research to determine whether interactions with grey squirrels or differential predation will ultimately displace red squirrels in conifers.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>red squirrel</term></item><item><term>grey squirrel</term></item><item><term>translocation</term></item><item><term>habitat</term></item><item><term>radio tracking</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1998-01">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/C7D456D782BEAA5FB7CF6645F99C796E8099CD5E/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1469-7998</doi><issn type="print">0952-8369</issn><issn type="electronic">1469-7998</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="JZO"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY">Journal of Zoology</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="01001"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/jzo.1998.244.issue-1</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="244">244</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="1">1</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="1998-01">January 1998</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="0002300" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1469-7998.1998.tb00003.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="JZO23"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="10"></count></countGroup><eventGroup><event type="firstOnline" date="2006-02-28"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2006-02-28"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.3.2 mode:FullText source:HeaderRef result:HeaderRef" date="2010-02-28"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-02-01"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-31"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="23">23</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="32">32</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>All correspondence to: R. E. Kenward, Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Furzebrook Research Station, Furzebrook Road, Wareham, Dorset BH20 5AS</correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:JZO.JZO23.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Accepted 20 May 1997</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="referenceTotal" number="41"></count><count type="linksCrossRef" number="3"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Red squirrels (<i>Sciurus vulgaris</i>) released in conifer woodland: the effects of source habitat, predation and interactions with grey squirrels (<i>Sciurus carolinensis</i>)</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>R.E.</givenNames><familyName>Kenward</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>K.H.</givenNames><familyName>Hodder</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1"><unparsedAffiliation>Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Furzebrook Research Station, Wareham, Dorset BH20 5AS</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">red squirrel</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">grey squirrel</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">translocation</keyword><keyword xml:id="k4">habitat</keyword><keyword xml:id="k5">radio tracking</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>Fourteen radio‐tagged red squirrels were released in pine woodland containing grey squirrels. Movements of the squirrels were related to the tree species of the donor site. Survival after release was lower than for the grey squirrels: of 11 red squirrels that survived at least a week, only three survived more than three months and none for four months. More than half were eaten or cached by predators, mainly foxes; an experiment with grey squirrel carcasses indicated that they had been killed, not scavenged after death. Hypertrophied adrenals, disease and loss of weight indicated stress as another factor in the deaths. Data on overlap of core ranges, and reluctance of red squirrels to enter traps used by grey squirrels in the mixed population, indicated interference competition between the two species, with grey squirrels possibly dominant. We recommend: (i) that care should be taken to release translocated animals in similar habitat to their origin; (ii) that grey squirrels should be excluded from future release areas until red squirrels have settled and, before biodiversity is reduced by landscape management for red squirrels; (iii) more research to determine whether interactions with grey squirrels or differential predation will ultimately displace red squirrels in conifers.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) released in conifer woodland: the effects of source habitat, predation and interactions with grey squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis)</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) released in conifer woodland: the effects of source habitat, predation and interactions with grey squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis)</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">R.E.</namePart><namePart type="family">Kenward</namePart><affiliation>Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Furzebrook Research Station, Wareham, Dorset BH20 5AS</affiliation><affiliation>All correspondence to: R. E. Kenward, Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Furzebrook Research Station, Furzebrook Road, Wareham, Dorset BH20 5AS</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">K.H.</namePart><namePart type="family">Hodder</namePart><affiliation>Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Furzebrook Research Station, Wareham, Dorset BH20 5AS</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1998-01</dateIssued><edition>Accepted 20 May 1997</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1998</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="references">41</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Fourteen radio‐tagged red squirrels were released in pine woodland containing grey squirrels. Movements of the squirrels were related to the tree species of the donor site. Survival after release was lower than for the grey squirrels: of 11 red squirrels that survived at least a week, only three survived more than three months and none for four months. More than half were eaten or cached by predators, mainly foxes; an experiment with grey squirrel carcasses indicated that they had been killed, not scavenged after death. Hypertrophied adrenals, disease and loss of weight indicated stress as another factor in the deaths. Data on overlap of core ranges, and reluctance of red squirrels to enter traps used by grey squirrels in the mixed population, indicated interference competition between the two species, with grey squirrels possibly dominant. We recommend: (i) that care should be taken to release translocated animals in similar habitat to their origin; (ii) that grey squirrels should be excluded from future release areas until red squirrels have settled and, before biodiversity is reduced by landscape management for red squirrels; (iii) more research to determine whether interactions with grey squirrels or differential predation will ultimately displace red squirrels in conifers.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>red squirrel</topic><topic>grey squirrel</topic><topic>translocation</topic><topic>habitat</topic><topic>radio tracking</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Zoology</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0952-8369</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1469-7998</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1469-7998</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">JZO</identifier><part><date>1998</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>244</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>1</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>23</start><end>32</end><total>10</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">C7D456D782BEAA5FB7CF6645F99C796E8099CD5E</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1469-7998.1998.tb00003.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">JZO23</identifier><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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