Relationships between biological soil crusts, bacterial diversity and abundance, and ecosystem functioning: Insights from a semi‐arid Mediterranean environment
Identifieur interne : 001400 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001399; suivant : 001401Relationships between biological soil crusts, bacterial diversity and abundance, and ecosystem functioning: Insights from a semi‐arid Mediterranean environment
Auteurs : Andrea P. Castillo-Monroy ; Matthew A. Bowker ; Fernando T. Maestre ; Susana Rodríguez-Echeverría ; Isabel Martinez ; Claudia E. Barraza-Zepeda ; Cristina EscolarSource :
- Journal of Vegetation Science [ 1100-9233 ] ; 2011-02.
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Abstract
Questions: To what degree do biological soil crusts (BSCs), which are regulators of the soil surface boundary, influence associated microbial communities? Are these associations important to ecosystem functioning in a Mediterranean semi‐arid environment?
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2010.01236.x
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ISTEX:6102DD18FAAE1430A1BEBF989DE7475F1C664473Le document en format XML
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Bowker</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maestre, Fernando T" sort="Maestre, Fernando T" uniqKey="Maestre F" first="Fernando T." last="Maestre">Fernando T. Maestre</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rodriguez Cheverria, Susana" sort="Rodriguez Cheverria, Susana" uniqKey="Rodriguez Cheverria S" first="Susana" last="Rodríguez-Echeverría">Susana Rodríguez-Echeverría</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Science. 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Castillo-Monroy</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bowker, Matthew A" sort="Bowker, Matthew A" uniqKey="Bowker M" first="Matthew A." last="Bowker">Matthew A. Bowker</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maestre, Fernando T" sort="Maestre, Fernando T" uniqKey="Maestre F" first="Fernando T." last="Maestre">Fernando T. Maestre</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rodriguez Cheverria, Susana" sort="Rodriguez Cheverria, Susana" uniqKey="Rodriguez Cheverria S" first="Susana" last="Rodríguez-Echeverría">Susana Rodríguez-Echeverría</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Science. FCTUC, University of Coimbra, 3001‐455 Coimbra, Portugal</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinez, Isabel" sort="Martinez, Isabel" uniqKey="Martinez I" first="Isabel" last="Martinez">Isabel Martinez</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barraza Epeda, Claudia E" sort="Barraza Epeda, Claudia E" uniqKey="Barraza Epeda C" first="Claudia E." last="Barraza-Zepeda">Claudia E. Barraza-Zepeda</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Microbiología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Serena, Casilla 599, La Serena, Chile</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Escolar, Cristina" sort="Escolar, Cristina" uniqKey="Escolar C" first="Cristina" last="Escolar">Cristina Escolar</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Journal of Vegetation Science</title><idno type="ISSN">1100-9233</idno><idno type="eISSN">1654-1103</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2011-02">2011-02</date><biblScope unit="volume">22</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="165">165</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="174">174</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">1100-9233</idno></series><idno type="istex">6102DD18FAAE1430A1BEBF989DE7475F1C664473</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1654-1103.2010.01236.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">JVS1236</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">1100-9233</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>DGGE analyses</term><term>Ecosystem functioning</term><term>Enzyme activity</term><term>Partial Mantel test</term><term>Semi‐arid ecosystem</term><term>Soil bacteria</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Questions: To what degree do biological soil crusts (BSCs), which are regulators of the soil surface boundary, influence associated microbial communities? Are these associations important to ecosystem functioning in a Mediterranean semi‐arid environment?</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Andrea P. Castillo‐Monroy</name><affiliations><json:string>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Matthew A. Bowker</name><affiliations><json:string>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Fernando T. Maestre</name><affiliations><json:string>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Susana Rodríguez‐Echeverría</name><affiliations><json:string>Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Science. FCTUC, University of Coimbra, 3001‐455 Coimbra, Portugal</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Isabel Martinez</name><affiliations><json:string>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Claudia E. Barraza‐Zepeda</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratorio de Microbiología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Serena, Casilla 599, La Serena, Chile</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Cristina Escolar</name><affiliations><json:string>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>DGGE analyses</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Ecosystem functioning</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Enzyme activity</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Partial Mantel test</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Semi‐arid ecosystem</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Soil bacteria</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>JVS1236</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><qualityIndicators><score>5.396</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>595.276 x 782.362 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>254</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>6990</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>46369</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>10</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>33</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Relationships between biological soil crusts, bacterial diversity and abundance, and ecosystem functioning: Insights from a semi‐arid Mediterranean environment</title><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>K.L. 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Calì</name></json:item></author><host><volume>54</volume><pages><last>19</last><first>1</first></pages><author></author><title>Marine Environmental Research</title></host><title>Heterotrophic bacteria in the northern Adriatic Sea</title></json:item></refBibs><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><volume>22</volume><publisherId><json:string>JVS</json:string></publisherId><pages><total>10</total><last>174</last><first>165</first></pages><issn><json:string>1100-9233</json:string></issn><issue>1</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1654-1103</json:string></eissn><title>Journal of Vegetation Science</title><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1654-1103</json:string></doi></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>plant sciences</json:string><json:string>forestry</json:string><json:string>ecology</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>natural sciences</json:string><json:string>biology</json:string><json:string>ecology</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>2011</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2011</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1111/j.1654-1103.2010.01236.x</json:string></doi><id>6102DD18FAAE1430A1BEBF989DE7475F1C664473</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/6102DD18FAAE1430A1BEBF989DE7475F1C664473/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/6102DD18FAAE1430A1BEBF989DE7475F1C664473/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/6102DD18FAAE1430A1BEBF989DE7475F1C664473/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Relationships between biological soil crusts, bacterial diversity and abundance, and ecosystem functioning: Insights from a semi‐arid Mediterranean environment</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><availability><p>© 2011 International Association for Vegetation Science</p></availability><date>2011</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Relationships between biological soil crusts, bacterial diversity and abundance, and ecosystem functioning: Insights from a semi‐arid Mediterranean environment</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">Andrea P.</forename><surname>Castillo‐Monroy</surname></persName><affiliation>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Matthew A.</forename><surname>Bowker</surname></persName><affiliation>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Fernando T.</forename><surname>Maestre</surname></persName><affiliation>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">Susana</forename><surname>Rodríguez‐Echeverría</surname></persName><affiliation>Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Science. FCTUC, University of Coimbra, 3001‐455 Coimbra, Portugal</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-5"><persName><forename type="first">Isabel</forename><surname>Martinez</surname></persName><affiliation>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-6"><persName><forename type="first">Claudia E.</forename><surname>Barraza‐Zepeda</surname></persName><affiliation>Laboratorio de Microbiología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Serena, Casilla 599, La Serena, Chile</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-7"><persName><forename type="first">Cristina</forename><surname>Escolar</surname></persName><affiliation>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Journal of Vegetation Science</title><idno type="pISSN">1100-9233</idno><idno type="eISSN">1654-1103</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1654-1103</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2011-02"></date><biblScope unit="volume">22</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="165">165</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="174">174</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">6102DD18FAAE1430A1BEBF989DE7475F1C664473</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1654-1103.2010.01236.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">JVS1236</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2011</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract><p>Questions: To what degree do biological soil crusts (BSCs), which are regulators of the soil surface boundary, influence associated microbial communities? Are these associations important to ecosystem functioning in a Mediterranean semi‐arid environment?</p></abstract><abstract><p>Location: Gypsum outcrops near Belmonte del Tajo, Central Spain.</p></abstract><abstract><p>Methods: We sampled a total of 45 (50 cm × 50 cm) plots, where we estimated the cover of every lichen and BSC‐forming lichen species. We also collected soil samples to estimate bacterial species richness and abundance, and to assess different surrogates of ecosystem functioning. We used path analysis to evaluate the relationships between the richness/abundance of above‐ and below‐ground species and ecosystem functioning.</p></abstract><abstract><p>Results: We found that the greatest direct effect upon the ecosystem function matrix was that of the biological soil crust (BSC) richness matrix. A few bacterial species were sensitive to the lichen community, with a disproportionate effect of Collema crispum and Toninia sedifolia compared to their low abundance and frequency. The lichens Fulgensia subbracteata and Toninia spp. also had negative effects on bacteria, while Diploschistes diacapsis consistently affected sensitive bacteria, sometimes positively. Despite these results, very few of the BSC effects on ecosystem function could be ascribed to changes within the bacterial community.</p></abstract><abstract><p>Conclusion: Our results suggest the primary importance of the richness of BSC‐forming lichens as drivers of small‐scale changes in ecosystem functioning. This study provides valuable insights on semi‐arid ecosystems where plant cover is spatially discontinuous and ecosystem function in plant interspaces is regulated largely by BSCs.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>DGGE analyses</term></item><item><term>Ecosystem functioning</term></item><item><term>Enzyme activity</term></item><item><term>Partial Mantel test</term></item><item><term>Semi‐arid ecosystem</term></item><item><term>Soil bacteria</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2011-02">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/6102DD18FAAE1430A1BEBF989DE7475F1C664473/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1654-1103</doi><issn type="print">1100-9233</issn><issn type="electronic">1654-1103</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="JVS"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE">Journal of Vegetation Science</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="02101"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/jvs.2011.22.issue-1</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="22">22</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="1">1</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2011-02">February 2011</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="15" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1654-1103.2010.01236.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="JVS1236"></id><id type="supplier" value="1236"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="10"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">Original Articles</title></titleGroup><copyright>© 2011 International Association for Vegetation Science</copyright><eventGroup><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.4.4 mode:FullText" date="2011-01-24"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2011-01-12"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2011-01-12"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:4.0.1" date="2014-03-20"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-31"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="165">165</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="174">174</numbering></numberingGroup><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:JVS.JVS1236.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Received 7 September 2010, Accepted 5 November 2010</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="1"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="1"></count><count type="formulaTotal" number="3"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="73"></count><count type="wordTotal" number="8580"></count><count type="linksCrossRef" number="61"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Relationships between biological soil crusts, bacterial diversity and abundance, and ecosystem functioning: Insights from a semi‐arid Mediterranean environment</title><title type="shortAuthors">A. P. Castillo‐Monroy. et al.</title><title type="short">Biological soil crusts, bacterial diversity and abundance, and ecosystem functioning</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Andrea P.</givenNames><familyName>Castillo‐Monroy</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Matthew A.</givenNames><familyName>Bowker</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Fernando T.</givenNames><familyName>Maestre</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>Susana</givenNames><familyName>Rodríguez‐Echeverría</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr5" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Isabel</givenNames><familyName>Martinez</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr6" affiliationRef="#a3"><personName><givenNames>Claudia E.</givenNames><familyName>Barraza‐Zepeda</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr7" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Cristina</givenNames><familyName>Escolar</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="ES"><unparsedAffiliation>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2" countryCode="PT"><unparsedAffiliation>Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Science. FCTUC, University of Coimbra, 3001‐455 Coimbra, Portugal</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a3" countryCode="CL"><unparsedAffiliation>Laboratorio de Microbiología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Serena, Casilla 599, La Serena, Chile</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">DGGE analyses</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">Ecosystem functioning</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">Enzyme activity</keyword><keyword xml:id="k4">Partial Mantel test</keyword><keyword xml:id="k5">Semi‐arid ecosystem</keyword><keyword xml:id="k6">Soil bacteria</keyword></keywordGroup><supportingInformation><p><b>Appendix S1.</b> Example DGGE profile. Each lane (1–7) represents a soil sample. Each band represents a bacterial strain. The number of bands was defined as the bacterial richness of each sample. Each strain was labelled with a number follow by a sequential letter (e.g. 1A, 1B … 2A, 2B … 3A, 3B … etc.). Lane M contains the DGGE marker.</p><p><b>Appendix S2.</b> Results of effects of community structure in BSC‐forming lichens upon the presence and absence of underlying soil bacterial taxa. NMDS: non‐metric multidimensional scaling analysis was performed; Bact: different bacterial strains found in our samples; Acno: <i>Acarospora nodulosa</i>; Plsq: <i>Placidium squamulosum</i>; Plpi: <i>Placidium pilosellum</i>; Cla: <i>Cladonia convoluta</i>; Coll: <i>Collema crispum</i>; Dd: <i>Diploschistes diacapsis</i>; End: <i>Endocarpon pusillum</i>; Fg: <i>Fulgensia subbracteata</i>; Lepra: <i>Lepraria crassissima</i>; Psgl: <i>Psora globifera</i>; Psde: <i>Psora decipiens</i>; Pssa: <i>Psora savizcii</i>; Sqca: <i>Squamarina cartilaginea</i>; Scle: <i>Squamarina lentigera</i>; Toal: <i>Toninia albilabra</i>; Tose: <i>Toninia sedifolia</i>; Toto: <i>Toninia toniniana</i>.</p><p><b>Appendix S3.</b> Frequency and cover of lichens forming biological soil crusts in the study area. Cover data represent means±SD (<i>n</i>=45). Data from Maestre, F.T., Escolar, C., Martinez, I. and Escudero, A. 2008. Are soil lichen communities structured by biotic interactions? A null model analysis. <i>Journal of Vegetation Science</i> 19: 261–266.</p><p><b>Appendix S4.</b> Lichen substances identified in biological soil crust‐forming lichens found in our study area.</p><p>Please note: Wiley‐Blackwell are not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting materials supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing material) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.</p><supportingInfoItem><mediaResource alt="supporting info item" href="urn-x:wiley:11009233:media:jvs1236:JVS_1236_sm_suppmat"></mediaResource><caption>Supporting info item</caption></supportingInfoItem></supportingInformation><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p><b>Questions: </b> To what degree do biological soil crusts (BSCs), which are regulators of the soil surface boundary, influence associated microbial communities? Are these associations important to ecosystem functioning in a Mediterranean semi‐arid environment?</p><p><b>Location: </b> Gypsum outcrops near Belmonte del Tajo, Central Spain.</p><p><b>Methods: </b> We sampled a total of 45 (50 cm × 50 cm) plots, where we estimated the cover of every lichen and BSC‐forming lichen species. We also collected soil samples to estimate bacterial species richness and abundance, and to assess different surrogates of ecosystem functioning. We used path analysis to evaluate the relationships between the richness/abundance of above‐ and below‐ground species and ecosystem functioning.</p><p><b>Results: </b> We found that the greatest direct effect upon the ecosystem function matrix was that of the biological soil crust (BSC) richness matrix. A few bacterial species were sensitive to the lichen community, with a disproportionate effect of <i>Collema crispum</i> and <i>Toninia sedifolia</i> compared to their low abundance and frequency. The lichens <i>Fulgensia subbracteata</i> and <i>Toninia</i> spp. also had negative effects on bacteria, while <i>Diploschistes diacapsis</i> consistently affected sensitive bacteria, sometimes positively. Despite these results, very few of the BSC effects on ecosystem function could be ascribed to changes within the bacterial community.</p><p><b>Conclusion: </b> Our results suggest the primary importance of the richness of BSC‐forming lichens as drivers of small‐scale changes in ecosystem functioning. This study provides valuable insights on semi‐arid ecosystems where plant cover is spatially discontinuous and ecosystem function in plant interspaces is regulated largely by BSCs.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta><noteGroup><note xml:id="fn1"><p><b>Castillo‐Monroy, A.P.</b> (corresponding author: <email normalForm="andrea.castillo@urjc.es">andrea.castillo@urjc.es</email>), <b>Bowker, M.A.</b> (<email normalForm="matthew.bowker@nau.edu">matthew.bowker@nau.edu</email>), <b>Maestre, F.T.</b> (<email normalForm="fernando.maestre@urjc.es">fernando.maestre@urjc.es</email>), <b>Martinez, I.</b> (<email normalForm="isabel.martinez@escet.urjc.es">isabel.martinez@escet.urjc.es</email>) & <b>Escolar, C.</b> (<email normalForm="cristina.escolar@urjc.es">cristina.escolar@urjc.es</email>): Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
<b>Rodríguez‐Echeverría, S.</b> (<email normalForm="susanare@ci.uc.pt">susanare@ci.uc.pt</email>): Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Science. FCTUC, University of Coimbra, 3001‐455 Coimbra, Portugal
<b>Barraza‐Zepeda, C.E.</b> (<email normalForm="claudiabarraz@gmail.com">claudiabarraz@gmail.com</email>): Laboratorio de Microbiología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Serena, Casilla 599, La Serena, Chile
Current Address: Colorado Plateau Research Station, P.O. Box 5614, ARD Building, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA</p></note><note xml:id="fn2"><p>Co‐ordinating Editor: Alicia Acosta</p></note></noteGroup></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Relationships between biological soil crusts, bacterial diversity and abundance, and ecosystem functioning: Insights from a semi‐arid Mediterranean environment</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Biological soil crusts, bacterial diversity and abundance, and ecosystem functioning</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Relationships between biological soil crusts, bacterial diversity and abundance, and ecosystem functioning: Insights from a semi‐arid Mediterranean environment</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Andrea P.</namePart><namePart type="family">Castillo‐Monroy</namePart><affiliation>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Matthew A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Bowker</namePart><affiliation>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Fernando T.</namePart><namePart type="family">Maestre</namePart><affiliation>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Susana</namePart><namePart type="family">Rodríguez‐Echeverría</namePart><affiliation>Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Science. FCTUC, University of Coimbra, 3001‐455 Coimbra, Portugal</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Isabel</namePart><namePart type="family">Martinez</namePart><affiliation>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Claudia E.</namePart><namePart type="family">Barraza‐Zepeda</namePart><affiliation>Laboratorio de Microbiología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Serena, Casilla 599, La Serena, Chile</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Cristina</namePart><namePart type="family">Escolar</namePart><affiliation>Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2011-02</dateIssued><edition>Received 7 September 2010, Accepted 5 November 2010</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2011</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">1</extent><extent unit="tables">1</extent><extent unit="formulas">3</extent><extent unit="references">73</extent><extent unit="words">8580</extent></physicalDescription><abstract>Questions: To what degree do biological soil crusts (BSCs), which are regulators of the soil surface boundary, influence associated microbial communities? Are these associations important to ecosystem functioning in a Mediterranean semi‐arid environment?</abstract><abstract>Location: Gypsum outcrops near Belmonte del Tajo, Central Spain.</abstract><abstract>Methods: We sampled a total of 45 (50 cm × 50 cm) plots, where we estimated the cover of every lichen and BSC‐forming lichen species. We also collected soil samples to estimate bacterial species richness and abundance, and to assess different surrogates of ecosystem functioning. We used path analysis to evaluate the relationships between the richness/abundance of above‐ and below‐ground species and ecosystem functioning.</abstract><abstract>Results: We found that the greatest direct effect upon the ecosystem function matrix was that of the biological soil crust (BSC) richness matrix. A few bacterial species were sensitive to the lichen community, with a disproportionate effect of Collema crispum and Toninia sedifolia compared to their low abundance and frequency. The lichens Fulgensia subbracteata and Toninia spp. also had negative effects on bacteria, while Diploschistes diacapsis consistently affected sensitive bacteria, sometimes positively. Despite these results, very few of the BSC effects on ecosystem function could be ascribed to changes within the bacterial community.</abstract><abstract>Conclusion: Our results suggest the primary importance of the richness of BSC‐forming lichens as drivers of small‐scale changes in ecosystem functioning. This study provides valuable insights on semi‐arid ecosystems where plant cover is spatially discontinuous and ecosystem function in plant interspaces is regulated largely by BSCs.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>DGGE analyses</topic><topic>Ecosystem functioning</topic><topic>Enzyme activity</topic><topic>Partial Mantel test</topic><topic>Semi‐arid ecosystem</topic><topic>Soil bacteria</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Vegetation Science</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><note type="content"> Appendix S1. Example DGGE profile. Each lane (1–7) represents a soil sample. Each band represents a bacterial strain. The number of bands was defined as the bacterial richness of each sample. Each strain was labelled with a number follow by a sequential letter (e.g. 1A, 1B … 2A, 2B … 3A, 3B … etc.). Lane M contains the DGGE marker. Appendix S2. Results of effects of community structure in BSC‐forming lichens upon the presence and absence of underlying soil bacterial taxa. NMDS: non‐metric multidimensional scaling analysis was performed; Bact: different bacterial strains found in our samples; Acno: Acarospora nodulosa; Plsq: Placidium squamulosum; Plpi: Placidium pilosellum; Cla: Cladonia convoluta; Coll: Collema crispum; Dd: Diploschistes diacapsis; End: Endocarpon pusillum; Fg: Fulgensia subbracteata; Lepra: Lepraria crassissima; Psgl: Psora globifera; Psde: Psora decipiens; Pssa: Psora savizcii; Sqca: Squamarina cartilaginea; Scle: Squamarina lentigera; Toal: Toninia albilabra; Tose: Toninia sedifolia; Toto: Toninia toniniana. Appendix S3. Frequency and cover of lichens forming biological soil crusts in the study area. Cover data represent means±SD (n=45). Data from Maestre, F.T., Escolar, C., Martinez, I. and Escudero, A. 2008. Are soil lichen communities structured by biotic interactions? A null model analysis. Journal of Vegetation Science 19: 261–266. Appendix S4. Lichen substances identified in biological soil crust‐forming lichens found in our study area. Please note: Wiley‐Blackwell are not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting materials supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing material) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article. Appendix S1. Example DGGE profile. Each lane (1–7) represents a soil sample. Each band represents a bacterial strain. The number of bands was defined as the bacterial richness of each sample. Each strain was labelled with a number follow by a sequential letter (e.g. 1A, 1B … 2A, 2B … 3A, 3B … etc.). Lane M contains the DGGE marker. Appendix S2. Results of effects of community structure in BSC‐forming lichens upon the presence and absence of underlying soil bacterial taxa. NMDS: non‐metric multidimensional scaling analysis was performed; Bact: different bacterial strains found in our samples; Acno: Acarospora nodulosa; Plsq: Placidium squamulosum; Plpi: Placidium pilosellum; Cla: Cladonia convoluta; Coll: Collema crispum; Dd: Diploschistes diacapsis; End: Endocarpon pusillum; Fg: Fulgensia subbracteata; Lepra: Lepraria crassissima; Psgl: Psora globifera; Psde: Psora decipiens; Pssa: Psora savizcii; Sqca: Squamarina cartilaginea; Scle: Squamarina lentigera; Toal: Toninia albilabra; Tose: Toninia sedifolia; Toto: Toninia toniniana. Appendix S3. Frequency and cover of lichens forming biological soil crusts in the study area. Cover data represent means±SD (n=45). Data from Maestre, F.T., Escolar, C., Martinez, I. and Escudero, A. 2008. Are soil lichen communities structured by biotic interactions? A null model analysis. Journal of Vegetation Science 19: 261–266. Appendix S4. Lichen substances identified in biological soil crust‐forming lichens found in our study area. Please note: Wiley‐Blackwell are not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting materials supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing material) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article. Appendix S1. Example DGGE profile. Each lane (1–7) represents a soil sample. Each band represents a bacterial strain. The number of bands was defined as the bacterial richness of each sample. Each strain was labelled with a number follow by a sequential letter (e.g. 1A, 1B … 2A, 2B … 3A, 3B … etc.). Lane M contains the DGGE marker. Appendix S2. Results of effects of community structure in BSC‐forming lichens upon the presence and absence of underlying soil bacterial taxa. NMDS: non‐metric multidimensional scaling analysis was performed; Bact: different bacterial strains found in our samples; Acno: Acarospora nodulosa; Plsq: Placidium squamulosum; Plpi: Placidium pilosellum; Cla: Cladonia convoluta; Coll: Collema crispum; Dd: Diploschistes diacapsis; End: Endocarpon pusillum; Fg: Fulgensia subbracteata; Lepra: Lepraria crassissima; Psgl: Psora globifera; Psde: Psora decipiens; Pssa: Psora savizcii; Sqca: Squamarina cartilaginea; Scle: Squamarina lentigera; Toal: Toninia albilabra; Tose: Toninia sedifolia; Toto: Toninia toniniana. Appendix S3. Frequency and cover of lichens forming biological soil crusts in the study area. Cover data represent means±SD (n=45). Data from Maestre, F.T., Escolar, C., Martinez, I. and Escudero, A. 2008. Are soil lichen communities structured by biotic interactions? A null model analysis. Journal of Vegetation Science 19: 261–266. Appendix S4. Lichen substances identified in biological soil crust‐forming lichens found in our study area. Please note: Wiley‐Blackwell are not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting materials supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing material) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article. Appendix S1. Example DGGE profile. Each lane (1–7) represents a soil sample. Each band represents a bacterial strain. The number of bands was defined as the bacterial richness of each sample. Each strain was labelled with a number follow by a sequential letter (e.g. 1A, 1B … 2A, 2B … 3A, 3B … etc.). Lane M contains the DGGE marker. Appendix S2. Results of effects of community structure in BSC‐forming lichens upon the presence and absence of underlying soil bacterial taxa. NMDS: non‐metric multidimensional scaling analysis was performed; Bact: different bacterial strains found in our samples; Acno: Acarospora nodulosa; Plsq: Placidium squamulosum; Plpi: Placidium pilosellum; Cla: Cladonia convoluta; Coll: Collema crispum; Dd: Diploschistes diacapsis; End: Endocarpon pusillum; Fg: Fulgensia subbracteata; Lepra: Lepraria crassissima; Psgl: Psora globifera; Psde: Psora decipiens; Pssa: Psora savizcii; Sqca: Squamarina cartilaginea; Scle: Squamarina lentigera; Toal: Toninia albilabra; Tose: Toninia sedifolia; Toto: Toninia toniniana. Appendix S3. Frequency and cover of lichens forming biological soil crusts in the study area. Cover data represent means±SD (n=45). Data from Maestre, F.T., Escolar, C., Martinez, I. and Escudero, A. 2008. Are soil lichen communities structured by biotic interactions? A null model analysis. Journal of Vegetation Science 19: 261–266. Appendix S4. Lichen substances identified in biological soil crust‐forming lichens found in our study area. Please note: Wiley‐Blackwell are not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting materials supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing material) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article. Appendix S1. Example DGGE profile. Each lane (1–7) represents a soil sample. Each band represents a bacterial strain. The number of bands was defined as the bacterial richness of each sample. Each strain was labelled with a number follow by a sequential letter (e.g. 1A, 1B … 2A, 2B … 3A, 3B … etc.). Lane M contains the DGGE marker. Appendix S2. Results of effects of community structure in BSC‐forming lichens upon the presence and absence of underlying soil bacterial taxa. NMDS: non‐metric multidimensional scaling analysis was performed; Bact: different bacterial strains found in our samples; Acno: Acarospora nodulosa; Plsq: Placidium squamulosum; Plpi: Placidium pilosellum; Cla: Cladonia convoluta; Coll: Collema crispum; Dd: Diploschistes diacapsis; End: Endocarpon pusillum; Fg: Fulgensia subbracteata; Lepra: Lepraria crassissima; Psgl: Psora globifera; Psde: Psora decipiens; Pssa: Psora savizcii; Sqca: Squamarina cartilaginea; Scle: Squamarina lentigera; Toal: Toninia albilabra; Tose: Toninia sedifolia; Toto: Toninia toniniana. Appendix S3. Frequency and cover of lichens forming biological soil crusts in the study area. Cover data represent means±SD (n=45). Data from Maestre, F.T., Escolar, C., Martinez, I. and Escudero, A. 2008. Are soil lichen communities structured by biotic interactions? A null model analysis. Journal of Vegetation Science 19: 261–266. Appendix S4. Lichen substances identified in biological soil crust‐forming lichens found in our study area. Please note: Wiley‐Blackwell are not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting materials supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing material) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.Supporting Info Item: Supporting info item - </note><identifier type="ISSN">1100-9233</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1654-1103</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1654-1103</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">JVS</identifier><part><date>2011</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>22</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>1</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>165</start><end>174</end><total>10</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">6102DD18FAAE1430A1BEBF989DE7475F1C664473</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1654-1103.2010.01236.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">JVS1236</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© 2011 International Association for Vegetation Science</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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