Greater impact of extreme drought on photosynthesis of grasslands exposed to a warmer climate in spite of acclimation
Identifieur interne : 000B33 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000B32; suivant : 000B34Greater impact of extreme drought on photosynthesis of grasslands exposed to a warmer climate in spite of acclimation
Auteurs : Costanza Zavalloni ; Birgit Gielen ; Hans J. De Boeck ; Catherine M. H. M. Lemmens ; Reinhart Ceulemans ; Ivan NijsSource :
- Physiologia Plantarum [ 0031-9317 ] ; 2009-05.
Abstract
In view of the projected increase in the frequency of extreme events during this century, we investigated the impact of a drought extreme on leaf ecophysiological parameters and carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of grassland communities with species richness (S) of one, three or nine species. The communities, grown for 3 years at either ambient air temperatures (ambient Tair) or ambient Tair + 3°C (elevated Tair), were additionally subjected to an imposed drought by withholding water for 24 days. During the previous 3 years equal precipitation was applied in both temperature treatments, thus communities at elevated Tair had experienced more frequent, mild droughts. However, it was unknown whether this resulted in a higher resistance for facing extreme droughts. At similar soil matric potentials stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration (Tr) were higher at elevated than ambient Tair, indicating acclimation to lower soil water content. Despite the stomatal acclimation observed, plants in elevated Tair showed a lower resistance to the drought extreme as indicated by their lower photosynthetic rate (Amax), gs and Tr during the entire duration of the drought extreme. Lower values for Amax, Tr and gs were also recorded in species at S = 3 as compared with species at S = 1 for both temperature treatments, but no further differences with S = 9 suggesting that stress was not alleviated at higher S‐levels. The discrimination of 13C was poorly correlated with measurements of instantaneous leaf water‐use efficiency (Amax/Tr) and, with this time scale and sampling method, it was not possible to detect any potential change in plant water‐use efficiency using leaf δ13C.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2009.01214.x
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De Boeck</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lemmens, Catherine M H M" sort="Lemmens, Catherine M H M" uniqKey="Lemmens C" first="Catherine M. H. M." last="Lemmens">Catherine M. H. M. Lemmens</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ceulemans, Reinhart" sort="Ceulemans, Reinhart" uniqKey="Ceulemans R" first="Reinhart" last="Ceulemans">Reinhart Ceulemans</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nijs, Ivan" sort="Nijs, Ivan" uniqKey="Nijs I" first="Ivan" last="Nijs">Ivan Nijs</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:308978DA9A902AA77F08BEB039BD6D46023F6DDC</idno><date when="2009" year="2009">2009</date><idno type="doi">10.1111/j.1399-3054.2009.01214.x</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/308978DA9A902AA77F08BEB039BD6D46023F6DDC/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000B33</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">000B33</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Greater impact of extreme drought on photosynthesis of grasslands exposed to a warmer climate in spite of acclimation</title><author><name sortKey="Zavalloni, Costanza" sort="Zavalloni, Costanza" uniqKey="Zavalloni C" first="Costanza" last="Zavalloni">Costanza Zavalloni</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: costanza.zavalloni@ua.ac.be</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gielen, Birgit" sort="Gielen, Birgit" uniqKey="Gielen B" first="Birgit" last="Gielen">Birgit Gielen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Boeck, Hans J" sort="De Boeck, Hans J" uniqKey="De Boeck H" first="Hans J." last="De Boeck">Hans J. De Boeck</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lemmens, Catherine M H M" sort="Lemmens, Catherine M H M" uniqKey="Lemmens C" first="Catherine M. H. M." last="Lemmens">Catherine M. H. M. Lemmens</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ceulemans, Reinhart" sort="Ceulemans, Reinhart" uniqKey="Ceulemans R" first="Reinhart" last="Ceulemans">Reinhart Ceulemans</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nijs, Ivan" sort="Nijs, Ivan" uniqKey="Nijs I" first="Ivan" last="Nijs">Ivan Nijs</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Physiologia Plantarum</title><idno type="ISSN">0031-9317</idno><idno type="eISSN">1399-3054</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2009-05">2009-05</date><biblScope unit="volume">136</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="57">57</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="72">72</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0031-9317</idno></series><idno type="istex">308978DA9A902AA77F08BEB039BD6D46023F6DDC</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1399-3054.2009.01214.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">PPL1214</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0031-9317</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">In view of the projected increase in the frequency of extreme events during this century, we investigated the impact of a drought extreme on leaf ecophysiological parameters and carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of grassland communities with species richness (S) of one, three or nine species. The communities, grown for 3 years at either ambient air temperatures (ambient Tair) or ambient Tair + 3°C (elevated Tair), were additionally subjected to an imposed drought by withholding water for 24 days. During the previous 3 years equal precipitation was applied in both temperature treatments, thus communities at elevated Tair had experienced more frequent, mild droughts. However, it was unknown whether this resulted in a higher resistance for facing extreme droughts. At similar soil matric potentials stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration (Tr) were higher at elevated than ambient Tair, indicating acclimation to lower soil water content. Despite the stomatal acclimation observed, plants in elevated Tair showed a lower resistance to the drought extreme as indicated by their lower photosynthetic rate (Amax), gs and Tr during the entire duration of the drought extreme. Lower values for Amax, Tr and gs were also recorded in species at S = 3 as compared with species at S = 1 for both temperature treatments, but no further differences with S = 9 suggesting that stress was not alleviated at higher S‐levels. The discrimination of 13C was poorly correlated with measurements of instantaneous leaf water‐use efficiency (Amax/Tr) and, with this time scale and sampling method, it was not possible to detect any potential change in plant water‐use efficiency using leaf δ13C.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Costanza Zavalloni</name><affiliations><json:string>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</json:string><json:string>E-mail: costanza.zavalloni@ua.ac.be</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Birgit Gielen</name><affiliations><json:string>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Hans J. De Boeck</name><affiliations><json:string>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Catherine M.H.M. Lemmens</name><affiliations><json:string>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Reinhart Ceulemans</name><affiliations><json:string>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Ivan Nijs</name><affiliations><json:string>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><articleId><json:string>PPL1214</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>In view of the projected increase in the frequency of extreme events during this century, we investigated the impact of a drought extreme on leaf ecophysiological parameters and carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of grassland communities with species richness (S) of one, three or nine species. The communities, grown for 3 years at either ambient air temperatures (ambient Tair) or ambient Tair + 3°C (elevated Tair), were additionally subjected to an imposed drought by withholding water for 24 days. During the previous 3 years equal precipitation was applied in both temperature treatments, thus communities at elevated Tair had experienced more frequent, mild droughts. However, it was unknown whether this resulted in a higher resistance for facing extreme droughts. At similar soil matric potentials stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration (Tr) were higher at elevated than ambient Tair, indicating acclimation to lower soil water content. Despite the stomatal acclimation observed, plants in elevated Tair showed a lower resistance to the drought extreme as indicated by their lower photosynthetic rate (Amax), gs and Tr during the entire duration of the drought extreme. Lower values for Amax, Tr and gs were also recorded in species at S = 3 as compared with species at S = 1 for both temperature treatments, but no further differences with S = 9 suggesting that stress was not alleviated at higher S‐levels. The discrimination of 13C was poorly correlated with measurements of instantaneous leaf water‐use efficiency (Amax/Tr) and, with this time scale and sampling method, it was not possible to detect any potential change in plant water‐use efficiency using leaf δ13C.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>595.276 x 782.362 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>1685</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>8751</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>53257</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>16</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>262</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Greater impact of extreme drought on photosynthesis of grasslands exposed to a warmer climate in spite of acclimation</title><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>SK Arndt</name></json:item><json:item><name>W Wanek</name></json:item></author><host><volume>25</volume><pages><last>616</last><first>609</first></pages><author></author><title>Plant Cell 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botany</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>2009</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2009</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1111/j.1399-3054.2009.01214.x</json:string></doi><id>308978DA9A902AA77F08BEB039BD6D46023F6DDC</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/308978DA9A902AA77F08BEB039BD6D46023F6DDC/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/308978DA9A902AA77F08BEB039BD6D46023F6DDC/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/308978DA9A902AA77F08BEB039BD6D46023F6DDC/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Greater impact of extreme drought on photosynthesis of grasslands exposed to a warmer climate in spite of acclimation</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><availability><p>Copyright © Physiologia Plantarum 2009</p></availability><date>2009</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Greater impact of extreme drought on photosynthesis of grasslands exposed to a warmer climate in spite of acclimation</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">Costanza</forename><surname>Zavalloni</surname></persName><email>costanza.zavalloni@ua.ac.be</email><affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Birgit</forename><surname>Gielen</surname></persName><affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Hans J.</forename><surname>De Boeck</surname></persName><affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">Catherine M.H.M.</forename><surname>Lemmens</surname></persName><affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-5"><persName><forename type="first">Reinhart</forename><surname>Ceulemans</surname></persName><affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-6"><persName><forename type="first">Ivan</forename><surname>Nijs</surname></persName><affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Physiologia Plantarum</title><idno type="pISSN">0031-9317</idno><idno type="eISSN">1399-3054</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1399-3054</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2009-05"></date><biblScope unit="volume">136</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="57">57</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="72">72</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">308978DA9A902AA77F08BEB039BD6D46023F6DDC</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1399-3054.2009.01214.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">PPL1214</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2009</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In view of the projected increase in the frequency of extreme events during this century, we investigated the impact of a drought extreme on leaf ecophysiological parameters and carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of grassland communities with species richness (S) of one, three or nine species. The communities, grown for 3 years at either ambient air temperatures (ambient Tair) or ambient Tair + 3°C (elevated Tair), were additionally subjected to an imposed drought by withholding water for 24 days. During the previous 3 years equal precipitation was applied in both temperature treatments, thus communities at elevated Tair had experienced more frequent, mild droughts. However, it was unknown whether this resulted in a higher resistance for facing extreme droughts. At similar soil matric potentials stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration (Tr) were higher at elevated than ambient Tair, indicating acclimation to lower soil water content. Despite the stomatal acclimation observed, plants in elevated Tair showed a lower resistance to the drought extreme as indicated by their lower photosynthetic rate (Amax), gs and Tr during the entire duration of the drought extreme. Lower values for Amax, Tr and gs were also recorded in species at S = 3 as compared with species at S = 1 for both temperature treatments, but no further differences with S = 9 suggesting that stress was not alleviated at higher S‐levels. The discrimination of 13C was poorly correlated with measurements of instantaneous leaf water‐use efficiency (Amax/Tr) and, with this time scale and sampling method, it was not possible to detect any potential change in plant water‐use efficiency using leaf δ13C.</p></abstract></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2009-05">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/308978DA9A902AA77F08BEB039BD6D46023F6DDC/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1399-3054</doi><issn type="print">0031-9317</issn><issn type="electronic">1399-3054</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="PPL"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM">Physiologia Plantarum</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="05001"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/ppl.2009.136.issue-1</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="136">136</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="1">1</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2009-05">May 2009</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="6" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1399-3054.2009.01214.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="PPL1214"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="16"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">Ecophysiology, stress and adaptation</title></titleGroup><copyright>Copyright © Physiologia Plantarum 2009</copyright><eventGroup><event type="firstOnline" date="2009-02-12"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2009-04-15"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.3.6 mode:FullText source:HeaderRef result:HeaderRef" date="2010-04-21"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-02-07"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-11-03"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="57">57</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="72">72</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo> e‐mail: <email>costanza.zavalloni@ua.ac.be</email></correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:PPL.PPL1214.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Received 15 October 2008; revised 20 January 2009</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="7"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="1"></count><count type="formulaTotal" number="2"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="57"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Greater impact of extreme drought on photosynthesis of grasslands exposed to a warmer climate in spite of acclimation</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>Costanza</givenNames><familyName>Zavalloni</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Birgit</givenNames><familyName>Gielen</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Hans J.</givenNames><familyName>De Boeck</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Catherine M.H.M.</givenNames><familyName>Lemmens</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr5" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Reinhart</givenNames><familyName>Ceulemans</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr6" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Ivan</givenNames><familyName>Nijs</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="BE"><unparsedAffiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><p>In view of the projected increase in the frequency of extreme events during this century, we investigated the impact of a drought extreme on leaf ecophysiological parameters and carbon isotope composition (δ<sup>13</sup>C) of grassland communities with species richness (S) of one, three or nine species. The communities, grown for 3 years at either ambient air temperatures (ambient T<sub>air</sub>) or ambient T<sub>air</sub> + 3°C (elevated T<sub>air</sub>), were additionally subjected to an imposed drought by withholding water for 24 days. During the previous 3 years equal precipitation was applied in both temperature treatments, thus communities at elevated T<sub>air</sub> had experienced more frequent, mild droughts. However, it was unknown whether this resulted in a higher resistance for facing extreme droughts. At similar soil matric potentials stomatal conductance (g<sub>s</sub>) and transpiration (Tr) were higher at elevated than ambient T<sub>air</sub>, indicating acclimation to lower soil water content. Despite the stomatal acclimation observed, plants in elevated T<sub>air</sub> showed a lower resistance to the drought extreme as indicated by their lower photosynthetic rate (A<sub>max</sub>), g<sub>s</sub> and Tr during the entire duration of the drought extreme. Lower values for A<sub>max</sub>, Tr and g<sub>s</sub> were also recorded in species at S = 3 as compared with species at S = 1 for both temperature treatments, but no further differences with S = 9 suggesting that stress was not alleviated at higher S‐levels. The discrimination of <sup>13</sup>C was poorly correlated with measurements of instantaneous leaf water‐use efficiency (A<sub>max</sub>/Tr) and, with this time scale and sampling method, it was not possible to detect any potential change in plant water‐use efficiency using leaf δ<sup>13</sup>C.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Greater impact of extreme drought on photosynthesis of grasslands exposed to a warmer climate in spite of acclimation</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Greater impact of extreme drought on photosynthesis of grasslands exposed to a warmer climate in spite of acclimation</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Costanza</namePart><namePart type="family">Zavalloni</namePart><affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: costanza.zavalloni@ua.ac.be</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Birgit</namePart><namePart type="family">Gielen</namePart><affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Hans J.</namePart><namePart type="family">De Boeck</namePart><affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Catherine M.H.M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Lemmens</namePart><affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Reinhart</namePart><namePart type="family">Ceulemans</namePart><affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ivan</namePart><namePart type="family">Nijs</namePart><affiliation>Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (Campus Drie Eiken), Universiteitsplein 1, BE‐2610 Wilrijk, Belgium</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2009-05</dateIssued><edition>Received 15 October 2008; revised 20 January 2009</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2009</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">7</extent><extent unit="tables">1</extent><extent unit="formulas">2</extent><extent unit="references">57</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">In view of the projected increase in the frequency of extreme events during this century, we investigated the impact of a drought extreme on leaf ecophysiological parameters and carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of grassland communities with species richness (S) of one, three or nine species. The communities, grown for 3 years at either ambient air temperatures (ambient Tair) or ambient Tair + 3°C (elevated Tair), were additionally subjected to an imposed drought by withholding water for 24 days. During the previous 3 years equal precipitation was applied in both temperature treatments, thus communities at elevated Tair had experienced more frequent, mild droughts. However, it was unknown whether this resulted in a higher resistance for facing extreme droughts. At similar soil matric potentials stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration (Tr) were higher at elevated than ambient Tair, indicating acclimation to lower soil water content. Despite the stomatal acclimation observed, plants in elevated Tair showed a lower resistance to the drought extreme as indicated by their lower photosynthetic rate (Amax), gs and Tr during the entire duration of the drought extreme. Lower values for Amax, Tr and gs were also recorded in species at S = 3 as compared with species at S = 1 for both temperature treatments, but no further differences with S = 9 suggesting that stress was not alleviated at higher S‐levels. The discrimination of 13C was poorly correlated with measurements of instantaneous leaf water‐use efficiency (Amax/Tr) and, with this time scale and sampling method, it was not possible to detect any potential change in plant water‐use efficiency using leaf δ13C.</abstract><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Physiologia Plantarum</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0031-9317</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1399-3054</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1399-3054</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">PPL</identifier><part><date>2009</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>136</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>1</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>57</start><end>72</end><total>16</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">308978DA9A902AA77F08BEB039BD6D46023F6DDC</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1399-3054.2009.01214.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">PPL1214</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © Physiologia Plantarum 2009</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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