Fine-scale Genetic Structure among Genetic Individuals of the Clone-Forming Monotypic Genus Echinosophora koreensis (Fabaceae)
Identifieur interne : 000736 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000735; suivant : 000737Fine-scale Genetic Structure among Genetic Individuals of the Clone-Forming Monotypic Genus Echinosophora koreensis (Fabaceae)
Auteurs : Jae Min Chung ; Byeung Cheun Lee ; Jin Seok Kim ; Chong-Wook Park ; Mi Yoon Chung ; Myong Gi ChungSource :
- Annals of Botany [ 0305-7364 ] ; 2006-07.
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- KwdEn :
Abstract
• Background and Aims For rare endemics or endangered plant species that reproduce both sexually and vegetatively it is critical to understand the extent of clonality because assessment of clonal extent and distribution has important ecological and evolutionary consequences with conservation implications. A survey was undertaken to understand clonal effects on fine-scale genetic structure (FSGS) in two populations (one from a disturbed and the other from an undisturbed locality) of Echinosophora koreensis, an endangered small shrub belonging to a monotypic genus in central Korea that reproduces both sexually and vegetatively via rhizomes. • Methods Using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) as genetic markers, the spatial distribution of individuals was evaluated using Ripley's L(d)-statistics and quantified the spatial scale of clonal spread and spatial distribution of ISSR genotypes using spatial autocorrelation analysis techniques (join-count statistics and kinship coefficient, Fij) for total samples and samples excluding clones. • Key Results A high degree of differentiation between populations was observed (ΦST(g) = 0·184, P < 0·001). Ripley's L(d)-statistics revealed a near random distribution of individuals in a disturbed population, whereas significant aggregation of individuals was found in an undisturbed site. The join-count statistics revealed that most clones significantly aggregate at ≤6-m interplant distance. The Sp statistic reflecting patterns of correlograms revealed a strong pattern of FSGS for all four data sets (Sp = 0·072–0·154), but these patterns were not significantly different from each other. At small interplant distances (≤2 m), however, jackknifed 95 % CIs revealed that the total samples exhibited significantly higher Fij values than the same samples excluding clones. • Conclusion The strong FSGS from genets is consistent with two biological and ecological traits of E. koreensis: bee-pollination and limited seed dispersal. Furthermore, potential clone mates over repeated generations would contribute to the observed high Fij values among genets at short distance. To ensure long-term ex situ genetic variability of the endangered E. koreensis, individuals located at distances of 10−12 m should be collected across entire populations of E. koreensis.
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DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcl083
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<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Fine-scale Genetic Structure among Genetic Individuals of the Clone-Forming Monotypic Genus Echinosophora koreensis (Fabaceae)</title><author><name sortKey="Chung, Jae Min" sort="Chung, Jae Min" uniqKey="Chung J" first="Jae Min" last="Chung">Jae Min Chung</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Byeung Cheun" sort="Lee, Byeung Cheun" uniqKey="Lee B" first="Byeung Cheun" last="Lee">Byeung Cheun Lee</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Jin Seok" sort="Kim, Jin Seok" uniqKey="Kim J" first="Jin Seok" last="Kim">Jin Seok Kim</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Park, Chong Wook" sort="Park, Chong Wook" uniqKey="Park C" first="Chong-Wook" last="Park">Chong-Wook Park</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea and</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yoon Chung, Mi" sort="Yoon Chung, Mi" uniqKey="Yoon Chung M" first="Mi" last="Yoon Chung">Mi Yoon Chung</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Biology and Institute of Basic Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gi Chung, Myong" sort="Gi Chung, Myong" uniqKey="Gi Chung M" first="Myong" last="Gi Chung">Myong Gi Chung</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Biology and Institute of Basic Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:DA18B2C45BCE1FF97C56E8201798D4698CB5D0CB</idno><date when="2006" year="2006">2006</date><idno type="doi">10.1093/aob/mcl083</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/DA18B2C45BCE1FF97C56E8201798D4698CB5D0CB/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000736</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">000736</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Fine-scale Genetic Structure among Genetic Individuals of the Clone-Forming Monotypic Genus Echinosophora koreensis (Fabaceae)</title><author><name sortKey="Chung, Jae Min" sort="Chung, Jae Min" uniqKey="Chung J" first="Jae Min" last="Chung">Jae Min Chung</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Byeung Cheun" sort="Lee, Byeung Cheun" uniqKey="Lee B" first="Byeung Cheun" last="Lee">Byeung Cheun Lee</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Jin Seok" sort="Kim, Jin Seok" uniqKey="Kim J" first="Jin Seok" last="Kim">Jin Seok Kim</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Park, Chong Wook" sort="Park, Chong Wook" uniqKey="Park C" first="Chong-Wook" last="Park">Chong-Wook Park</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea and</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yoon Chung, Mi" sort="Yoon Chung, Mi" uniqKey="Yoon Chung M" first="Mi" last="Yoon Chung">Mi Yoon Chung</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Biology and Institute of Basic Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gi Chung, Myong" sort="Gi Chung, Myong" uniqKey="Gi Chung M" first="Myong" last="Gi Chung">Myong Gi Chung</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Biology and Institute of Basic Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Annals of Botany</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Ann Bot</title><idno type="ISSN">0305-7364</idno><idno type="eISSN">1095-8290</idno><imprint><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><date type="published" when="2006-07">2006-07</date><biblScope unit="volume">98</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="165">165</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="173">173</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0305-7364</idno></series><idno type="istex">DA18B2C45BCE1FF97C56E8201798D4698CB5D0CB</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1093/aob/mcl083</idno><idno type="local">mcl083</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0305-7364</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Clonal structure</term><term>Echinosophora koreensis</term><term>Fabaceae</term><term>ISSRs</term><term>conservation</term><term>fine-scale genetic structure</term><term>genets</term><term>monotypic genus</term><term>sampling strategies</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">• Background and Aims For rare endemics or endangered plant species that reproduce both sexually and vegetatively it is critical to understand the extent of clonality because assessment of clonal extent and distribution has important ecological and evolutionary consequences with conservation implications. A survey was undertaken to understand clonal effects on fine-scale genetic structure (FSGS) in two populations (one from a disturbed and the other from an undisturbed locality) of Echinosophora koreensis, an endangered small shrub belonging to a monotypic genus in central Korea that reproduces both sexually and vegetatively via rhizomes. • Methods Using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) as genetic markers, the spatial distribution of individuals was evaluated using Ripley's L(d)-statistics and quantified the spatial scale of clonal spread and spatial distribution of ISSR genotypes using spatial autocorrelation analysis techniques (join-count statistics and kinship coefficient, Fij) for total samples and samples excluding clones. • Key Results A high degree of differentiation between populations was observed (ΦST(g) = 0·184, P < 0·001). Ripley's L(d)-statistics revealed a near random distribution of individuals in a disturbed population, whereas significant aggregation of individuals was found in an undisturbed site. The join-count statistics revealed that most clones significantly aggregate at ≤6-m interplant distance. The Sp statistic reflecting patterns of correlograms revealed a strong pattern of FSGS for all four data sets (Sp = 0·072–0·154), but these patterns were not significantly different from each other. At small interplant distances (≤2 m), however, jackknifed 95 % CIs revealed that the total samples exhibited significantly higher Fij values than the same samples excluding clones. • Conclusion The strong FSGS from genets is consistent with two biological and ecological traits of E. koreensis: bee-pollination and limited seed dispersal. Furthermore, potential clone mates over repeated generations would contribute to the observed high Fij values among genets at short distance. To ensure long-term ex situ genetic variability of the endangered E. koreensis, individuals located at distances of 10−12 m should be collected across entire populations of E. koreensis.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>oup</corpusName><author><json:item><name>JAE MIN CHUNG</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</json:string><json:string>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>BYEUNG CHEUN LEE</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</json:string><json:string>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>JIN SEOK KIM</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</json:string><json:string>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>CHONG-WOOK PARK</name><affiliations><json:string>School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea and</json:string><json:string>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>MI YOON CHUNG</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Biology and Institute of Basic Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>MYONG GI CHUNG</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Biology and Institute of Basic Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Clonal structure</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>conservation</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Echinosophora koreensis</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>monotypic genus</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Fabaceae</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>fine-scale genetic structure</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>genets</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>ISSRs</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>sampling strategies</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>research-article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>• Background and Aims For rare endemics or endangered plant species that reproduce both sexually and vegetatively it is critical to understand the extent of clonality because assessment of clonal extent and distribution has important ecological and evolutionary consequences with conservation implications. A survey was undertaken to understand clonal effects on fine-scale genetic structure (FSGS) in two populations (one from a disturbed and the other from an undisturbed locality) of Echinosophora koreensis, an endangered small shrub belonging to a monotypic genus in central Korea that reproduces both sexually and vegetatively via rhizomes. • Methods Using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) as genetic markers, the spatial distribution of individuals was evaluated using Ripley's L(d)-statistics and quantified the spatial scale of clonal spread and spatial distribution of ISSR genotypes using spatial autocorrelation analysis techniques (join-count statistics and kinship coefficient, Fij) for total samples and samples excluding clones. • Key Results A high degree of differentiation between populations was observed (ΦST(g) = 0·184, P > 0·001). Ripley's L(d)-statistics revealed a near random distribution of individuals in a disturbed population, whereas significant aggregation of individuals was found in an undisturbed site. The join-count statistics revealed that most clones significantly aggregate at ≤6-m interplant distance. The Sp statistic reflecting patterns of correlograms revealed a strong pattern of FSGS for all four data sets (Sp = 0·072–0·154), but these patterns were not significantly different from each other. At small interplant distances (≤2 m), however, jackknifed 95 % CIs revealed that the total samples exhibited significantly higher Fij values than the same samples excluding clones. • Conclusion The strong FSGS from genets is consistent with two biological and ecological traits of E. koreensis: bee-pollination and limited seed dispersal. Furthermore, potential clone mates over repeated generations would contribute to the observed high Fij values among genets at short distance. To ensure long-term ex situ genetic variability of the endangered E. koreensis, individuals located at distances of 10−12 m should be collected across entire populations of E. koreensis.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>10</score><pdfVersion>1.4</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>595 x 782 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>false</refBibsNative><keywordCount>9</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>2314</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>6643</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>41947</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>9</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>325</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Fine-scale Genetic Structure among Genetic Individuals of the Clone-Forming Monotypic Genus Echinosophora koreensis (Fabaceae)</title><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>F Alberto</name></json:item><json:item><name>L Gouveia</name></json:item><json:item><name>S Arnaud-Haond</name></json:item><json:item><name>Jl Pérez-Lloréns</name></json:item><json:item><name>Cm Duarte</name></json:item><json:item><name>Ea 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among Genetic Individuals of the Clone-Forming Monotypic Genus Echinosophora koreensis (Fabaceae)</title><respStmt><resp>Références bibliographiques récupérées via GROBID</resp><name resp="ISTEX-API">ISTEX-API (INIST-CNRS)</name></respStmt></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><availability><p>© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org</p></availability><date>2006-05-04</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note>*For correspondence. E-mail s_myc@gaechuk.gsnu.ac.kr or mgchung@nongae.gsnu.ac.kr</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Fine-scale Genetic Structure among Genetic Individuals of the Clone-Forming Monotypic Genus Echinosophora koreensis (Fabaceae)</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">JAE MIN</forename><surname>CHUNG</surname></persName><affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</affiliation><affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">BYEUNG CHEUN</forename><surname>LEE</surname></persName><affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</affiliation><affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">JIN SEOK</forename><surname>KIM</surname></persName><affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</affiliation><affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">CHONG-WOOK</forename><surname>PARK</surname></persName><affiliation>School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea and</affiliation><affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-5"><persName><forename type="first">MI</forename><surname>YOON CHUNG</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Biology and Institute of Basic Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-6"><persName><forename type="first">MYONG</forename><surname>GI CHUNG</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Biology and Institute of Basic Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Annals of Botany</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Ann Bot</title><idno type="pISSN">0305-7364</idno><idno type="eISSN">1095-8290</idno><imprint><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><date type="published" when="2006-07"></date><biblScope unit="volume">98</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="165">165</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="173">173</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">DA18B2C45BCE1FF97C56E8201798D4698CB5D0CB</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1093/aob/mcl083</idno><idno type="local">mcl083</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2006-05-04</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>• Background and Aims For rare endemics or endangered plant species that reproduce both sexually and vegetatively it is critical to understand the extent of clonality because assessment of clonal extent and distribution has important ecological and evolutionary consequences with conservation implications. A survey was undertaken to understand clonal effects on fine-scale genetic structure (FSGS) in two populations (one from a disturbed and the other from an undisturbed locality) of Echinosophora koreensis, an endangered small shrub belonging to a monotypic genus in central Korea that reproduces both sexually and vegetatively via rhizomes. • Methods Using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) as genetic markers, the spatial distribution of individuals was evaluated using Ripley's L(d)-statistics and quantified the spatial scale of clonal spread and spatial distribution of ISSR genotypes using spatial autocorrelation analysis techniques (join-count statistics and kinship coefficient, Fij) for total samples and samples excluding clones. • Key Results A high degree of differentiation between populations was observed (ΦST(g) = 0·184, P < 0·001). Ripley's L(d)-statistics revealed a near random distribution of individuals in a disturbed population, whereas significant aggregation of individuals was found in an undisturbed site. The join-count statistics revealed that most clones significantly aggregate at ≤6-m interplant distance. The Sp statistic reflecting patterns of correlograms revealed a strong pattern of FSGS for all four data sets (Sp = 0·072–0·154), but these patterns were not significantly different from each other. At small interplant distances (≤2 m), however, jackknifed 95 % CIs revealed that the total samples exhibited significantly higher Fij values than the same samples excluding clones. • Conclusion The strong FSGS from genets is consistent with two biological and ecological traits of E. koreensis: bee-pollination and limited seed dispersal. Furthermore, potential clone mates over repeated generations would contribute to the observed high Fij values among genets at short distance. To ensure long-term ex situ genetic variability of the endangered E. koreensis, individuals located at distances of 10−12 m should be collected across entire populations of E. koreensis.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>KWD</head><item><term>Clonal structure</term></item><item><term>conservation</term></item><item><term>Echinosophora koreensis</term></item><item><term>monotypic genus</term></item><item><term>Fabaceae</term></item><item><term>fine-scale genetic structure</term></item><item><term>genets</term></item><item><term>ISSRs</term></item><item><term>sampling strategies</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2006-05-04">Created</change><change when="2006-07">Published</change><change xml:id="refBibs-istex" who="#ISTEX-API" when="2016-12-22">References added</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/DA18B2C45BCE1FF97C56E8201798D4698CB5D0CB/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="corpus oup" wicri:toSee="no header"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v2.3 20070202//EN" URI="journalpublishing.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><article xml:lang="en" article-type="research-article"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">annbot</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">ANN BOT (LOND)</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">annbot</journal-id><journal-title>Annals of Botany</journal-title><abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Ann Bot</abbrev-journal-title><issn pub-type="ppub">0305-7364</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1095-8290</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Oxford University Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="other">mcl083</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/aob/mcl083</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Fine-scale Genetic Structure among Genetic Individuals of the Clone-Forming Monotypic Genus <italic>Echinosophora koreensis</italic> (Fabaceae)</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>CHUNG</surname><given-names>JAE MIN</given-names></name><xref rid="AFF1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>LEE</surname><given-names>BYEUNG CHEUN</given-names></name><xref rid="AFF1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>KIM</surname><given-names>JIN SEOK</given-names></name><xref rid="AFF1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>PARK</surname><given-names>CHONG-WOOK</given-names></name><xref rid="AFF2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>YOON CHUNG</surname><given-names>MI</given-names></name><xref rid="AFF3">3</xref><xref rid="COR1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>GI CHUNG</surname><given-names>MYONG</given-names></name><xref rid="AFF3">3</xref><xref rid="COR1">*</xref></contrib><aff><target target-type="aff" id="AFF1"></target><label>1</label>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea, <target target-type="aff" id="AFF2"></target><label>2</label>School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea and <target target-type="aff" id="AFF3"></target><label>3</label>Department of Biology and Institute of Basic Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea</aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="COR1"><label>*</label>For correspondence. E-mail <ext-link xlink:href="s_myc@gaechuk.gsnu.ac.kr" ext-link-type="email">s_myc@gaechuk.gsnu.ac.kr</ext-link> or <ext-link xlink:href="mgchung@nongae.gsnu.ac.kr" ext-link-type="email">mgchung@nongae.gsnu.ac.kr</ext-link></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>4</day><month>5</month><year>2006</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>July</month><year>2006</year></pub-date><volume>98</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>165</fpage><lpage>173</lpage><history><date date-type="accepted"><day>13</day><month>2</month><year>2006</year></date><date date-type="received"><day>5</day><month>10</month><year>2005</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2005</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2006</copyright-year></permissions><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>• <italic>Background and Aims</italic> For rare endemics or endangered plant species that reproduce both sexually and vegetatively it is critical to understand the extent of clonality because assessment of clonal extent and distribution has important ecological and evolutionary consequences with conservation implications. A survey was undertaken to understand clonal effects on fine-scale genetic structure (FSGS) in two populations (one from a disturbed and the other from an undisturbed locality) of <italic>Echinosophora koreensis</italic>, an endangered small shrub belonging to a monotypic genus in central Korea that reproduces both sexually and vegetatively via rhizomes.</p><p>• <italic>Methods</italic> Using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) as genetic markers, the spatial distribution of individuals was evaluated using Ripley's <italic>L</italic>(<italic>d</italic>)-statistics and quantified the spatial scale of clonal spread and spatial distribution of ISSR genotypes using spatial autocorrelation analysis techniques (join-count statistics and kinship coefficient, <italic>F<sub>ij</sub></italic>) for total samples and samples excluding clones.</p><p>• <italic>Key Results</italic> A high degree of differentiation between populations was observed (Φ<sub>ST(g)</sub> = 0·184, <italic>P</italic> < 0·001). Ripley's <italic>L</italic>(<italic>d</italic>)-statistics revealed a near random distribution of individuals in a disturbed population, whereas significant aggregation of individuals was found in an undisturbed site. The join-count statistics revealed that most clones significantly aggregate at ≤6-m interplant distance. The <italic>Sp</italic> statistic reflecting patterns of correlograms revealed a strong pattern of FSGS for all four data sets (<italic>Sp</italic> = 0·072–0·154), but these patterns were not significantly different from each other. At small interplant distances (≤2 m), however, jackknifed 95 % CIs revealed that the total samples exhibited significantly higher <italic>F<sub>ij</sub></italic> values than the same samples excluding clones.</p><p>• <italic>Conclusion</italic> The strong FSGS from genets is consistent with two biological and ecological traits of <italic>E. koreensis</italic>: bee-pollination and limited seed dispersal. Furthermore, potential clone mates over repeated generations would contribute to the observed high <italic>F<sub>ij</sub></italic> values among genets at short distance. To ensure long-term <italic>ex situ</italic> genetic variability of the endangered <italic>E. koreensis</italic>, individuals located at distances of 10−12 m should be collected across entire populations of <italic>E. koreensis</italic>.</p></abstract><kwd-group kwd-group-type="KWD" xml:lang="en"><kwd>Clonal structure</kwd><kwd>conservation</kwd><kwd><italic>Echinosophora koreensis</italic></kwd><kwd>monotypic genus</kwd><kwd>Fabaceae</kwd><kwd>fine-scale genetic structure</kwd><kwd>genets</kwd><kwd>ISSRs</kwd><kwd>sampling strategies</kwd></kwd-group><custom-meta-wrap><custom-meta><meta-name>hwp-legacy-fpage</meta-name><meta-value>165</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta><meta-name>cover-date</meta-name><meta-value>July 2006</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta><meta-name>hwp-legacy-dochead</meta-name><meta-value>Original Article</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-wrap></article-meta></front></article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Fine-scale Genetic Structure among Genetic Individuals of the Clone-Forming Monotypic Genus Echinosophora koreensis (Fabaceae)</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Fine-scale Genetic Structure among Genetic Individuals of the Clone-Forming Monotypic Genus Echinosophora koreensis (Fabaceae)</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">JAE MIN</namePart><namePart type="family">CHUNG</namePart><affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</affiliation><affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">BYEUNG CHEUN</namePart><namePart type="family">LEE</namePart><affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</affiliation><affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">JIN SEOK</namePart><namePart type="family">KIM</namePart><affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</affiliation><affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">CHONG-WOOK</namePart><namePart type="family">PARK</namePart><affiliation>School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea and</affiliation><affiliation>Division of Specimen and Genetic Resources, National Arboretum, Korea Forest Service, Gyeonggi Province, 487-821, Republic of Korea,</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">MI</namePart><namePart type="family">YOON CHUNG</namePart><affiliation>Department of Biology and Institute of Basic Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">MYONG</namePart><namePart type="family">GI CHUNG</namePart><affiliation>Department of Biology and Institute of Basic Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="research-article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2006-07</dateIssued><dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">2006-05-04</dateCreated><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2006</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">• Background and Aims For rare endemics or endangered plant species that reproduce both sexually and vegetatively it is critical to understand the extent of clonality because assessment of clonal extent and distribution has important ecological and evolutionary consequences with conservation implications. A survey was undertaken to understand clonal effects on fine-scale genetic structure (FSGS) in two populations (one from a disturbed and the other from an undisturbed locality) of Echinosophora koreensis, an endangered small shrub belonging to a monotypic genus in central Korea that reproduces both sexually and vegetatively via rhizomes. • Methods Using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) as genetic markers, the spatial distribution of individuals was evaluated using Ripley's L(d)-statistics and quantified the spatial scale of clonal spread and spatial distribution of ISSR genotypes using spatial autocorrelation analysis techniques (join-count statistics and kinship coefficient, Fij) for total samples and samples excluding clones. • Key Results A high degree of differentiation between populations was observed (ΦST(g) = 0·184, P < 0·001). Ripley's L(d)-statistics revealed a near random distribution of individuals in a disturbed population, whereas significant aggregation of individuals was found in an undisturbed site. The join-count statistics revealed that most clones significantly aggregate at ≤6-m interplant distance. The Sp statistic reflecting patterns of correlograms revealed a strong pattern of FSGS for all four data sets (Sp = 0·072–0·154), but these patterns were not significantly different from each other. At small interplant distances (≤2 m), however, jackknifed 95 % CIs revealed that the total samples exhibited significantly higher Fij values than the same samples excluding clones. • Conclusion The strong FSGS from genets is consistent with two biological and ecological traits of E. koreensis: bee-pollination and limited seed dispersal. Furthermore, potential clone mates over repeated generations would contribute to the observed high Fij values among genets at short distance. To ensure long-term ex situ genetic variability of the endangered E. koreensis, individuals located at distances of 10−12 m should be collected across entire populations of E. koreensis.</abstract><note type="author-notes">*For correspondence. E-mail s_myc@gaechuk.gsnu.ac.kr or mgchung@nongae.gsnu.ac.kr</note><subject lang="en"><genre>KWD</genre><topic>Clonal structure</topic><topic>conservation</topic><topic>Echinosophora koreensis</topic><topic>monotypic genus</topic><topic>Fabaceae</topic><topic>fine-scale genetic structure</topic><topic>genets</topic><topic>ISSRs</topic><topic>sampling strategies</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Annals of Botany</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Ann Bot</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0305-7364</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1095-8290</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">annbot</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID-hwp">annbot</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID-nlm-ta">ANN BOT (LOND)</identifier><part><date>2006</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>98</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>1</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>165</start><end>173</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">DA18B2C45BCE1FF97C56E8201798D4698CB5D0CB</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1093/aob/mcl083</identifier><identifier type="local">mcl083</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© The Author 2006. 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