Earliest evidence for caries and exploitation of starchy plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco
Identifieur interne : 000156 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 000155; suivant : 000157Earliest evidence for caries and exploitation of starchy plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco
Auteurs : Louise T. Humphrey ; Isabelle De Groote ; Jacob Morales ; Nick Barton ; Simon Collcutt ; Christopher Bronk Ramsey ; Abdeljalil BouzouggarSource :
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [ 0027-8424 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
We present early evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to a reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa. This evidence predates other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years. We infer that increased reliance on wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates caused an early shift toward a disease-associated oral microbiota. Systematic harvesting and processing of wild food resources supported a more sedentary lifestyle during the Iberomaurusian than previously recognized. This research challenges commonly held assumptions that high rates of caries are indicative of agricultural societies.
Url:
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1318176111
PubMed: 24395774
PubMed Central: 3903197
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Earliest evidence for caries and exploitation of starchy plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco</title><author><name sortKey="Humphrey, Louise T" sort="Humphrey, Louise T" uniqKey="Humphrey L" first="Louise T." last="Humphrey">Louise T. Humphrey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Earth Sciences,<institution>The Natural History Museum</institution>, London SW7 5BD,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Groote, Isabelle" sort="De Groote, Isabelle" uniqKey="De Groote I" first="Isabelle" last="De Groote">Isabelle De Groote</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Earth Sciences,<institution>The Natural History Museum</institution>, London SW7 5BD,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology, School of Natural Sciences and Psychology,<institution>Liverpool John Moores University</institution>, Liverpool L3 3AF,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Morales, Jacob" sort="Morales, Jacob" uniqKey="Morales J" first="Jacob" last="Morales">Jacob Morales</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">Grupo Investigación Arqueobiología,<institution>Centro de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales</institution>, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas 28037 Madrid,<country>Spain</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research,<institution>University of Cambridge</institution>, Cambridge CB2 3ER,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barton, Nick" sort="Barton, Nick" uniqKey="Barton N" first="Nick" last="Barton">Nick Barton</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5">Institute of Archaeology,<institution>University of Oxford</institution>, Oxford OX1 2PG,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Collcutt, Simon" sort="Collcutt, Simon" uniqKey="Collcutt S" first="Simon" last="Collcutt">Simon Collcutt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff6"><institution>Oxford Archaeological Associates</institution>, Oxford OX4 1LH,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bronk Ramsey, Christopher" sort="Bronk Ramsey, Christopher" uniqKey="Bronk Ramsey C" first="Christopher" last="Bronk Ramsey">Christopher Bronk Ramsey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7">Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art,<institution>University of Oxford</institution>, Oxford OX1 3QY,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bouzouggar, Abdeljalil" sort="Bouzouggar, Abdeljalil" uniqKey="Bouzouggar A" first="Abdeljalil" last="Bouzouggar">Abdeljalil Bouzouggar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff8">Institut National des Sciences de l'Archéologie et du Patrimoine,<institution>Rabat-Instituts</institution>, 10 000 Rabat,<country>Morocco</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">Department of Human Evolution,<institution>Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology</institution>, D-04103 Leipzig,<country>Germany</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24395774</idno><idno type="pmc">3903197</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3903197</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3903197</idno><idno type="doi">10.1073/pnas.1318176111</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000156</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000156</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Earliest evidence for caries and exploitation of starchy plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco</title><author><name sortKey="Humphrey, Louise T" sort="Humphrey, Louise T" uniqKey="Humphrey L" first="Louise T." last="Humphrey">Louise T. Humphrey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Earth Sciences,<institution>The Natural History Museum</institution>, London SW7 5BD,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Groote, Isabelle" sort="De Groote, Isabelle" uniqKey="De Groote I" first="Isabelle" last="De Groote">Isabelle De Groote</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Earth Sciences,<institution>The Natural History Museum</institution>, London SW7 5BD,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology, School of Natural Sciences and Psychology,<institution>Liverpool John Moores University</institution>, Liverpool L3 3AF,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Morales, Jacob" sort="Morales, Jacob" uniqKey="Morales J" first="Jacob" last="Morales">Jacob Morales</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">Grupo Investigación Arqueobiología,<institution>Centro de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales</institution>, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas 28037 Madrid,<country>Spain</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research,<institution>University of Cambridge</institution>, Cambridge CB2 3ER,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barton, Nick" sort="Barton, Nick" uniqKey="Barton N" first="Nick" last="Barton">Nick Barton</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5">Institute of Archaeology,<institution>University of Oxford</institution>, Oxford OX1 2PG,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Collcutt, Simon" sort="Collcutt, Simon" uniqKey="Collcutt S" first="Simon" last="Collcutt">Simon Collcutt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff6"><institution>Oxford Archaeological Associates</institution>, Oxford OX4 1LH,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bronk Ramsey, Christopher" sort="Bronk Ramsey, Christopher" uniqKey="Bronk Ramsey C" first="Christopher" last="Bronk Ramsey">Christopher Bronk Ramsey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7">Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art,<institution>University of Oxford</institution>, Oxford OX1 3QY,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bouzouggar, Abdeljalil" sort="Bouzouggar, Abdeljalil" uniqKey="Bouzouggar A" first="Abdeljalil" last="Bouzouggar">Abdeljalil Bouzouggar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff8">Institut National des Sciences de l'Archéologie et du Patrimoine,<institution>Rabat-Instituts</institution>, 10 000 Rabat,<country>Morocco</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">Department of Human Evolution,<institution>Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology</institution>, D-04103 Leipzig,<country>Germany</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</title><idno type="ISSN">0027-8424</idno><idno type="eISSN">1091-6490</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Significance</title><p>We present early evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to a reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa. This evidence predates other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years. We infer that increased reliance on wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates caused an early shift toward a disease-associated oral microbiota. Systematic harvesting and processing of wild food resources supported a more sedentary lifestyle during the Iberomaurusian than previously recognized. This research challenges commonly held assumptions that high rates of caries are indicative of agricultural societies.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">pnas</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">pnas</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">PNAS</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0027-8424</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1091-6490</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24395774</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3903197</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">201318176</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1073/pnas.1318176111</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Biological Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Anthropology</subject></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Earliest evidence for caries and exploitation of starchy plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="short">Pleistocene caries and acorns</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Humphrey</surname><given-names>Louise T.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>De Groote</surname><given-names>Isabelle</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Morales</surname><given-names>Jacob</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>d</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Barton</surname><given-names>Nick</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>e</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Collcutt</surname><given-names>Simon</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"><sup>f</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bronk Ramsey</surname><given-names>Christopher</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"><sup>g</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bouzouggar</surname><given-names>Abdeljalil</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"><sup>h</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"><sup>i</sup></xref></contrib><aff id="aff1"><sup>a</sup>Department of Earth Sciences,<institution>The Natural History Museum</institution>, London SW7 5BD,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</aff><aff id="aff2"><sup>b</sup>Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology, School of Natural Sciences and Psychology,<institution>Liverpool John Moores University</institution>, Liverpool L3 3AF,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</aff><aff id="aff3"><sup>c</sup>Grupo Investigación Arqueobiología,<institution>Centro de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales</institution>, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas 28037 Madrid,<country>Spain</country>;</aff><aff id="aff4"><sup>d</sup>McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research,<institution>University of Cambridge</institution>, Cambridge CB2 3ER,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</aff><aff id="aff5"><sup>e</sup>Institute of Archaeology,<institution>University of Oxford</institution>, Oxford OX1 2PG,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</aff><aff id="aff6"><sup>f</sup><institution>Oxford Archaeological Associates</institution>, Oxford OX4 1LH,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</aff><aff id="aff7"><sup>g</sup>Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art,<institution>University of Oxford</institution>, Oxford OX1 3QY,<country>United Kingdom</country>;</aff><aff id="aff8"><sup>h</sup>Institut National des Sciences de l'Archéologie et du Patrimoine,<institution>Rabat-Instituts</institution>, 10 000 Rabat,<country>Morocco</country>; and</aff><aff id="aff9"><sup>i</sup>Department of Human Evolution,<institution>Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology</institution>, D-04103 Leipzig,<country>Germany</country></aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><sup>1</sup>To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: <email>lth@nhm.ac.uk</email>.</corresp><fn fn-type="edited-by"><p>Edited by Amanda G. Henry, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany, and accepted by the Editorial Board November 27, 2013 (received for review September 26, 2013)</p></fn><fn fn-type="con"><p>Author contributions: L.T.H., N.B., and A.B. designed research; L.T.H., I.D.G., J.M., and S.C. performed research; L.T.H., I.D.G., J.M., S.C., and C.B.R. analyzed data; and L.T.H., I.D.G., J.M., N.B., S.C., C.B.R., and A.B. wrote the paper.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>21</day><month>1</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>6</day><month>1</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>111</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>954</fpage><lpage>959</lpage><self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="pnas.201318176.pdf"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="executive-summary"><title>Significance</title><p>We present early evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to a reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa. This evidence predates other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years. We infer that increased reliance on wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates caused an early shift toward a disease-associated oral microbiota. Systematic harvesting and processing of wild food resources supported a more sedentary lifestyle during the Iberomaurusian than previously recognized. This research challenges commonly held assumptions that high rates of caries are indicative of agricultural societies.</p></abstract><abstract><p>Dental caries is an infectious disease that causes tooth decay. The high prevalence of dental caries in recent humans is attributed to more frequent consumption of plant foods rich in fermentable carbohydrates in food-producing societies. The transition from hunting and gathering to food production is associated with a change in the composition of the oral microbiota and broadly coincides with the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in <italic>Streptococcus mutans</italic>, a causative agent of human dental caries. Here we present evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa, predating other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years. Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco document extensive evidence for human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian), and incorporate numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb. Macrobotanical remains from occupational deposits dated between 15,000 and 13,700 cal B.P. provide evidence for systematic harvesting and processing of edible wild plants, including acorns and pine nuts. Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals. We infer that increased reliance on wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates and changes in food processing caused an early shift toward a disease-associated oral microbiota in this population.</p></abstract><counts><page-count count="6"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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