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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Contrasting hydraulic architecture and function in deep and shallow roots of tree species from a semi-arid habitat</title><author><name sortKey="Johnson, Daniel M" sort="Johnson, Daniel M" uniqKey="Johnson D" first="Daniel M." last="Johnson">Daniel M. Johnson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brodersen, Craig R" sort="Brodersen, Craig R" uniqKey="Brodersen C" first="Craig R." last="Brodersen">Craig R. Brodersen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2"><addr-line>Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reed, Mary" sort="Reed, Mary" uniqKey="Reed M" first="Mary" last="Reed">Mary Reed</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2"><addr-line>Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Domec, Jean Christophe" sort="Domec, Jean Christophe" uniqKey="Domec J" first="Jean-Christophe" last="Domec">Jean-Christophe Domec</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3"><addr-line>University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences AGRO, UMR 1220 TCEM INRA, 1 Cours du général de Gaulle, 33175 Gradignan Cedex, France</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jackson, Robert B" sort="Jackson, Robert B" uniqKey="Jackson R" first="Robert B." last="Jackson">Robert B. Jackson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24363350</idno><idno type="pmc">3936587</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3936587</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3936587</idno><idno type="doi">10.1093/aob/mct294</idno><date when="2013">2013</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000131</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000131</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Contrasting hydraulic architecture and function in deep and shallow roots of tree species from a semi-arid habitat</title><author><name sortKey="Johnson, Daniel M" sort="Johnson, Daniel M" uniqKey="Johnson D" first="Daniel M." last="Johnson">Daniel M. Johnson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brodersen, Craig R" sort="Brodersen, Craig R" uniqKey="Brodersen C" first="Craig R." last="Brodersen">Craig R. Brodersen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2"><addr-line>Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reed, Mary" sort="Reed, Mary" uniqKey="Reed M" first="Mary" last="Reed">Mary Reed</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2"><addr-line>Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Domec, Jean Christophe" sort="Domec, Jean Christophe" uniqKey="Domec J" first="Jean-Christophe" last="Domec">Jean-Christophe Domec</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3"><addr-line>University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences AGRO, UMR 1220 TCEM INRA, 1 Cours du général de Gaulle, 33175 Gradignan Cedex, France</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jackson, Robert B" sort="Jackson, Robert B" uniqKey="Jackson R" first="Robert B." last="Jackson">Robert B. Jackson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Annals of Botany</title><idno type="ISSN">0305-7364</idno><idno type="eISSN">1095-8290</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background and Aims</title><p>Despite the importance of vessels in angiosperm roots for plant water transport, there is little research on the microanatomy of woody plant roots. Vessels in roots can be interconnected networks or nearly solitary, with few vessel–vessel connections. Species with few connections are common in arid habitats, presumably to isolate embolisms. In this study, measurements were made of root vessel pit sizes, vessel air-seeding pressures, pit membrane thicknesses and the degree of vessel interconnectedness in deep (approx. 20 m) and shallow (<10 cm) roots of two co-occurring species, <italic>Sideroxylon lanuginosum</italic> and <italic>Quercus fusiformis</italic>.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Scanning electron microscopy was used to image pit dimensions and to measure the distance between connected vessels. The number of connected vessels in larger samples was determined by using high-resolution computed tomography and three-dimensional (3-D) image analysis. Individual vessel air-seeding pressures were measured using a microcapillary method. The thickness of pit membranes was measured using transmission electron microscopy.</p></sec><sec><title>Key Results</title><p>Vessel pit size varied across both species and rooting depths. Deep <italic>Q. fusiformis</italic> roots had the largest pits overall (>500 µm) and more large pits than either shallow <italic>Q. fusiformis</italic> roots or <italic>S. lanuginosum</italic> roots. Vessel air-seeding pressures were approximately four times greater in <italic>Q. fusiformis</italic> than in <italic>S. lanuginosum</italic> and 1·3–1·9 times greater in shallow roots than in deep roots. <italic>Sideroxylon lanuginosum</italic> had 34–44 % of its vessels interconnected, whereas <italic>Q. fusiformis</italic> only had 1–6 % of its vessels connected. Vessel air-seeding pressures were unrelated to pit membrane thickness but showed a positive relationship with vessel interconnectedness.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>These data support the hypothesis that species with more vessel–vessel integration are often less resistant to embolism than species with isolated vessels. This study also highlights the usefulness of tomography for vessel network analysis and the important role of 3-D xylem organization in plant hydraulic function.</p></sec></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Ann Bot</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Ann. Bot</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">annbot</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">annbot</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Annals of Botany</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0305-7364</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1095-8290</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Oxford University Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24363350</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3936587</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/aob/mct294</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">mct294</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="hwp-journal-coll"><subject>1</subject><subject>1008</subject><subject>14</subject><subject>18</subject><subject>20</subject><subject>2013</subject><subject>2013</subject><subject>2013</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Contrasting hydraulic architecture and function in deep and shallow roots of tree species from a semi-arid habitat</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Johnson</surname><given-names>Daniel M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1">1</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Brodersen</surname><given-names>Craig R.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Reed</surname><given-names>Mary</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Domec</surname><given-names>Jean-Christophe</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jackson</surname><given-names>Robert B.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1">1</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="af1"><label>1</label><addr-line>Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA</addr-line></aff><aff id="af2"><label>2</label><addr-line>Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA</addr-line></aff><aff id="af3"><label>3</label><addr-line>University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences AGRO, UMR 1220 TCEM INRA, 1 Cours du général de Gaulle, 33175 Gradignan Cedex, France</addr-line></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><label>*</label>For correspondence. E-mail <email>dan.johnson@duke.edu</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>3</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>113</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>617</fpage><lpage>627</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>20</day><month>7</month><year>2013</year></date><date date-type="rev-request"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2013</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>18</day><month>11</month><year>2013</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="mct294.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Background and Aims</title><p>Despite the importance of vessels in angiosperm roots for plant water transport, there is little research on the microanatomy of woody plant roots. Vessels in roots can be interconnected networks or nearly solitary, with few vessel–vessel connections. Species with few connections are common in arid habitats, presumably to isolate embolisms. In this study, measurements were made of root vessel pit sizes, vessel air-seeding pressures, pit membrane thicknesses and the degree of vessel interconnectedness in deep (approx. 20 m) and shallow (<10 cm) roots of two co-occurring species, <italic>Sideroxylon lanuginosum</italic> and <italic>Quercus fusiformis</italic>.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Scanning electron microscopy was used to image pit dimensions and to measure the distance between connected vessels. The number of connected vessels in larger samples was determined by using high-resolution computed tomography and three-dimensional (3-D) image analysis. Individual vessel air-seeding pressures were measured using a microcapillary method. The thickness of pit membranes was measured using transmission electron microscopy.</p></sec><sec><title>Key Results</title><p>Vessel pit size varied across both species and rooting depths. Deep <italic>Q. fusiformis</italic> roots had the largest pits overall (>500 µm) and more large pits than either shallow <italic>Q. fusiformis</italic> roots or <italic>S. lanuginosum</italic> roots. Vessel air-seeding pressures were approximately four times greater in <italic>Q. fusiformis</italic> than in <italic>S. lanuginosum</italic> and 1·3–1·9 times greater in shallow roots than in deep roots. <italic>Sideroxylon lanuginosum</italic> had 34–44 % of its vessels interconnected, whereas <italic>Q. fusiformis</italic> only had 1–6 % of its vessels connected. Vessel air-seeding pressures were unrelated to pit membrane thickness but showed a positive relationship with vessel interconnectedness.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>These data support the hypothesis that species with more vessel–vessel integration are often less resistant to embolism than species with isolated vessels. This study also highlights the usefulness of tomography for vessel network analysis and the important role of 3-D xylem organization in plant hydraulic function.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Anatomy</kwd><kwd>cavitation</kwd><kwd>drought</kwd><kwd>embolism</kwd><kwd>high-resolution computed tomography</kwd><kwd><italic>Quercus fusiformis</italic></kwd><kwd>root integration</kwd><kwd><italic>Sideroxylon lanuginosum</italic></kwd><kwd>water potential</kwd><kwd>xylem vessels</kwd><kwd>X-ray</kwd></kwd-group><counts><page-count count="12"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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