Population History and Pathways of Spread of the Plant Pathogen Phytophthora plurivora
Identifieur interne : 000196 ( Ncbi/Curation ); précédent : 000195; suivant : 000197Population History and Pathways of Spread of the Plant Pathogen Phytophthora plurivora
Auteurs : Corine N. Schoebel [Suisse] ; Jane Stewart [États-Unis] ; Niklaus J. Gruenwald [États-Unis] ; Daniel Rigling [Suisse] ; Simone Prospero [Suisse]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
Human activity has been shown to considerably affect the spread of dangerous pests and pathogens worldwide. Therefore, strict regulations of international trade exist for particularly harmful pathogenic organisms.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085368
PubMed: 24427303
PubMed Central: 3888410
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Schoebel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf, Switzerland</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Birmensdorf</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stewart, Jane" sort="Stewart, Jane" uniqKey="Stewart J" first="Jane" last="Stewart">Jane Stewart</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>USDA-ARS-Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>USDA-ARS-Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gruenwald, Niklaus J" sort="Gruenwald, Niklaus J" uniqKey="Gruenwald N" first="Niklaus J." last="Gruenwald">Niklaus J. 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Schoebel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf, Switzerland</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Birmensdorf</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stewart, Jane" sort="Stewart, Jane" uniqKey="Stewart J" first="Jane" last="Stewart">Jane Stewart</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>USDA-ARS-Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>USDA-ARS-Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gruenwald, Niklaus J" sort="Gruenwald, Niklaus J" uniqKey="Gruenwald N" first="Niklaus J." last="Gruenwald">Niklaus J. Gruenwald</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>USDA-ARS-Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>USDA-ARS-Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rigling, Daniel" sort="Rigling, Daniel" uniqKey="Rigling D" first="Daniel" last="Rigling">Daniel Rigling</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf, Switzerland</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Birmensdorf</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prospero, Simone" sort="Prospero, Simone" uniqKey="Prospero S" first="Simone" last="Prospero">Simone Prospero</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf, Switzerland</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Birmensdorf</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Human activity has been shown to considerably affect the spread of dangerous pests and pathogens worldwide. Therefore, strict regulations of international trade exist for particularly harmful pathogenic organisms. <italic>Phytophthora plurivora,</italic> which is not subject to regulations, is a plant pathogen frequently found on a broad range of host species, both in natural and artificial environments. It is supposed to be native to Europe while resident populations are also present in the US. We characterized a hierarchical sample of isolates from Europe and the US and conducted coalescent-, migration, and population genetic analysis of sequence and microsatellite data, to determine the pathways of spread and the demographic history of this pathogen. We found <italic>P. plurivora</italic> populations to be moderately diverse but not geographically structured. High levels of gene flow were observed within Europe and unidirectional from Europe to the US. Coalescent analyses revealed a signal of a recent expansion of the global <italic>P. plurivora</italic> population. Our study shows that <italic>P. plurivora</italic> has most likely been spread around the world by nursery trade of diseased plant material. In particular, <italic>P. plurivora</italic> was introduced into the US from Europe. International trade has allowed the pathogen to colonize new environments and/or hosts, resulting in population growth.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hulme, Pe" uniqKey="Hulme P">PE Hulme</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bacher, S" uniqKey="Bacher S">S Bacher</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kenis, M" uniqKey="Kenis M">M Kenis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Klotz, S" uniqKey="Klotz S">S Klotz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kuehn, I" uniqKey="Kuehn I">I Kuehn</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Westphal, Mi" uniqKey="Westphal M">MI Westphal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Browne, M" uniqKey="Browne M">M Browne</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mackinnon, K" uniqKey="Mackinnon K">K MacKinnon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Noble, I" uniqKey="Noble I">I 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