First Clarkforkian Equivalent Land Mammal Age in the Latest Paleocene Basal Sparnacian Facies of Europe: Fauna, Flora, Paleoenvironment and (Bio)stratigraphy
Identifieur interne : 000103 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000102; suivant : 000104First Clarkforkian Equivalent Land Mammal Age in the Latest Paleocene Basal Sparnacian Facies of Europe: Fauna, Flora, Paleoenvironment and (Bio)stratigraphy
Auteurs : Thierry Smith [Belgique] ; Florence Quesnel [France] ; Gaël De Plöeg [France] ; Dario De Franceschi [France] ; Grégoire Métais [France] ; Eric De Bast [Belgique] ; Floréal Solé [Belgique] ; Annelise Folie [Belgique] ; Anaïs Boura [France] ; Julien Claude [France] ; Christian Dupuis [Belgique] ; Cyril Gagnaison [France] ; Alina Iakovleva [Russie] ; Jeremy Martin [Royaume-Uni] ; François Maubert [France] ; Judicaël Prieur [France] ; Emile Roche [Belgique] ; Jean-Yves Storme [Belgique] ; Romain Thomas [France] ; Haiyan Tong [Thaïlande] ; Johan Yans [Belgique] ; Eric Buffetaut [France]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) is correlated with the first occurrences of earliest modern mammals in the Northern Hemisphere. The latest Paleocene Clarkforkian North American Land Mammal Age, that has yielded rodents and carnivorans, is the only exception to this rule. However, until now no pre-PETM localities have yielded modern mammals in Europe or Asia. We report the first Clarkforkian equivalent Land Mammal Age in the latest Paleocene deposits of the basal Sparnacian facies at Rivecourt, in the north-central part of the Paris Basin. The new terrestrial vertebrate and macroflora assemblages are analyzed through a multidisciplinary study including sedimentologic, stratigraphic, isotopic, and palynological aspects in order to reconstruct the paleoenvironment and to evaluate biochronologic and paleogeographic implications. The mammals are moderately diverse and not abundant, contrary to turtles and champsosaurs. The macroflora is exceptional in preservation and diversity with numerous angiosperms represented by flowers, fruits, seeds and wood preserved as lignite material, revealing an abundance of Arecaceae, Betulaceae, Icacinaceae, Menispermaceae, Vitaceae and probably Cornaceae.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086229
PubMed: 24489703
PubMed Central: 3906055
Affiliations:
- Belgique, France, Royaume-Uni, Russie, Thaïlande
- Centre-Val de Loire, District fédéral central, Hauts-de-France, Languedoc-Roussillon, Occitanie (région administrative), Picardie, Province de Liège, Région Centre, Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, Région wallonne, Île-de-France
- Beauvais, Bruxelles, Liège, Montpellier, Moscou, Orléans, Paris
- Université de Liège
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Le document en format XML
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</nlm:aff>
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<region nuts="2">Région de Bruxelles-Capitale</region>
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</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Direction Opérationnelle Terre et Histoire de la Vie, Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Bruxelles</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Bruxelles</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Région de Bruxelles-Capitale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Folie, Annelise" sort="Folie, Annelise" uniqKey="Folie A" first="Annelise" last="Folie">Annelise Folie</name>
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</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Direction Opérationnelle Terre et Histoire de la Vie, Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Bruxelles</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Bruxelles</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Région de Bruxelles-Capitale</region>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Boura, Anais" sort="Boura, Anais" uniqKey="Boura A" first="Anaïs" last="Boura">Anaïs Boura</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Centre de recherche sur la paléobiodiversité et les paléoenvironnements (UMR7207 CNRS-MNHN-UPMC), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle et Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre de recherche sur la paléobiodiversité et les paléoenvironnements (UMR7207 CNRS-MNHN-UPMC), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle et Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Claude, Julien" sort="Claude, Julien" uniqKey="Claude J" first="Julien" last="Claude">Julien Claude</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>Institut des Sciences de l'Évolution de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut des Sciences de l'Évolution de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier 2, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Occitanie (région administrative)</region>
<region type="old region">Languedoc-Roussillon</region>
<settlement type="city">Montpellier</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dupuis, Christian" sort="Dupuis, Christian" uniqKey="Dupuis C" first="Christian" last="Dupuis">Christian Dupuis</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><addr-line>Géologie GFA, Faculté Polytechnique, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Géologie GFA, Faculté Polytechnique, Université de Mons, Mons</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Mons</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gagnaison, Cyril" sort="Gagnaison, Cyril" uniqKey="Gagnaison C" first="Cyril" last="Gagnaison">Cyril Gagnaison</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><addr-line>Institut Polytechnique LaSalle-Beauvais, Beauvais, France</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut Polytechnique LaSalle-Beauvais, Beauvais</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Hauts-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Picardie</region>
<settlement type="city">Beauvais</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Iakovleva, Alina" sort="Iakovleva, Alina" uniqKey="Iakovleva A" first="Alina" last="Iakovleva">Alina Iakovleva</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff8"><addr-line>Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Russie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Moscou</settlement>
<region>District fédéral central</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Martin, Jeremy" sort="Martin, Jeremy" uniqKey="Martin J" first="Jeremy" last="Martin">Jeremy Martin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff9"><addr-line>School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bristol</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Maubert, Francois" sort="Maubert, Francois" uniqKey="Maubert F" first="François" last="Maubert">François Maubert</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff10"><addr-line>Lafarge Granulats Seine Nord, Paris, France</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Lafarge Granulats Seine Nord, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Prieur, Judicael" sort="Prieur, Judicael" uniqKey="Prieur J" first="Judicaël" last="Prieur">Judicaël Prieur</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Centre Permanent d'Initiatives pour l'Environnement des Pays de l'Oise, Verberie, France</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre Permanent d'Initiatives pour l'Environnement des Pays de l'Oise, Verberie</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Verberie</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Verberie</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Roche, Emile" sort="Roche, Emile" uniqKey="Roche E" first="Emile" last="Roche">Emile Roche</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff11"><addr-line>Département de Géologie, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Département de Géologie, Université de Liège, Liège</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Liège</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Liège</settlement>
<region type="region" nuts="1">Région wallonne</region>
<region type="province" nuts="1">Province de Liège</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Storme, Jean Yves" sort="Storme, Jean Yves" uniqKey="Storme J" first="Jean-Yves" last="Storme">Jean-Yves Storme</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff12"><addr-line>Département de Géologie, Université de Namur, Namur, Belgium</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Département de Géologie, Université de Namur, Namur</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Namur</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Thomas, Romain" sort="Thomas, Romain" uniqKey="Thomas R" first="Romain" last="Thomas">Romain Thomas</name>
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</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre de recherche sur la paléobiodiversité et les paléoenvironnements (UMR7207 CNRS-MNHN-UPMC), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle et Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tong, Haiyan" sort="Tong, Haiyan" uniqKey="Tong H" first="Haiyan" last="Tong">Haiyan Tong</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff13"><addr-line>Palaeontological Research and Education Centre, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai, Thailand</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Palaeontological Research and Education Centre, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Kantarawichai</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yans, Johan" sort="Yans, Johan" uniqKey="Yans J" first="Johan" last="Yans">Johan Yans</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff12"><addr-line>Département de Géologie, Université de Namur, Namur, Belgium</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Département de Géologie, Université de Namur, Namur</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Namur</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Buffetaut, Eric" sort="Buffetaut, Eric" uniqKey="Buffetaut E" first="Eric" last="Buffetaut">Eric Buffetaut</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff14"><addr-line>CNRS (UMR 8538), Laboratoire de Géologie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>CNRS (UMR 8538), Laboratoire de Géologie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
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</analytic>
<series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno>
<imprint><date when="2014">2014</date>
</imprint>
</series>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) is correlated with the first occurrences of earliest modern mammals in the Northern Hemisphere. The latest Paleocene Clarkforkian North American Land Mammal Age, that has yielded rodents and carnivorans, is the only exception to this rule. However, until now no pre-PETM localities have yielded modern mammals in Europe or Asia. We report the first Clarkforkian equivalent Land Mammal Age in the latest Paleocene deposits of the basal Sparnacian facies at Rivecourt, in the north-central part of the Paris Basin. The new terrestrial vertebrate and macroflora assemblages are analyzed through a multidisciplinary study including sedimentologic, stratigraphic, isotopic, and palynological aspects in order to reconstruct the paleoenvironment and to evaluate biochronologic and paleogeographic implications. The mammals are moderately diverse and not abundant, contrary to turtles and champsosaurs. The macroflora is exceptional in preservation and diversity with numerous angiosperms represented by flowers, fruits, seeds and wood preserved as lignite material, revealing an abundance of Arecaceae, Betulaceae, Icacinaceae, Menispermaceae, Vitaceae and probably Cornaceae. <xref ref-type="sec" rid="s2">Results</xref>
indicate a Late Paleocene age based on carbon isotope data, palynology and vertebrate occurrences such as the choristoderan <italic>Champsosaurus</italic>
, the arctocyonid <italic>Arctocyon</italic>
, and the plesiadapid <italic>Plesiadapis tricuspidens</italic>
. However, several mammal species compare better with the earliest Eocene. Among these, the particular louisinid <italic>Teilhardimys musculus</italic>
, also recorded from the latest Paleocene of the Spanish Pyrenees, suggests a younger age than the typical MP6 reference level. Nevertheless, the most important aspect of the Rivecourt fauna is the presence of dental remains of a rodent and a “miacid” carnivoran, attesting to the presence of two modern mammalian orders in the latest Paleocene of Europe. Interestingly, these two groups are also the only modern groups recorded from the latest Paleocene of North America, making Rivecourt the first direct equivalent to the Clarkforkian Land Mammal Age outside of North America.</p>
</div>
</front>
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<li>Thaïlande</li>
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<li>Liège</li>
<li>Montpellier</li>
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<name sortKey="Claude, Julien" sort="Claude, Julien" uniqKey="Claude J" first="Julien" last="Claude">Julien Claude</name>
<name sortKey="De Franceschi, Dario" sort="De Franceschi, Dario" uniqKey="De Franceschi D" first="Dario" last="De Franceschi">Dario De Franceschi</name>
<name sortKey="De Ploeg, Gael" sort="De Ploeg, Gael" uniqKey="De Ploeg G" first="Gaël" last="De Plöeg">Gaël De Plöeg</name>
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<country name="Thaïlande"><noRegion><name sortKey="Tong, Haiyan" sort="Tong, Haiyan" uniqKey="Tong H" first="Haiyan" last="Tong">Haiyan Tong</name>
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