Comparative Anatomy of Intervessel Pits in Two Mangrove Species Growing Along a Natural Salinity Gradient in Gazi Bay, Kenya
Identifieur interne : 000846 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000845; suivant : 000847Comparative Anatomy of Intervessel Pits in Two Mangrove Species Growing Along a Natural Salinity Gradient in Gazi Bay, Kenya
Auteurs : Nele Schmitz [Belgique] ; Steven Jansen [Royaume-Uni] ; Anouk Verheyden [Belgique, États-Unis] ; James Gitundu Kairo [Kenya] ; Hans Beeckman [Belgique] ; Nico Koedam [Belgique]Source :
- Annals of Botany [ 0305-7364 ] ; 2007-08.
Abstract
Background and Aims According to the air-seeding hypothesis, embolism vulnerability in xylem elements is linked directly to bordered pit structure and functioning. To elucidate the adaptive potential of intervessel pits towards fluctuating environmental conditions, two mangrove species with a distinct ecological distribution growing along a natural salinity gradient were investigated. Methods Scanning and transmission electron microscopic observations were conducted to obtain qualitative and quantitative characteristics of alternate intervessel pits in A. marina and scalariform intervessel pits in Rhizophora mucronata. Wood samples from three to six trees were collected at seven and five sites for A. marina and R. mucronata, respectively, with considerable differences between sites in soil water salinity. Key Results Vestured pits without visible pores in the pit membrane were observed in A. marina, the mangrove species with the widest geographical distribution on global as well as local scale. Their thick pit membranes (on average 370 nm) and minute pit apertures may contribute to reduced vulnerability to cavitation of this highly salt-tolerant species. The smaller ecological distribution of R. mucronata was in accordance with wide pit apertures and a slightly higher pitfield fraction (67 vs. 60 in A. marina). Nonetheless, its outer pit apertures were observed to be funnel-shaped shielding non-porous pit membranes. No trends in intervessel pit size were observed with increasing soil water salinity of the site. Conclusions The contrasting ecological distribution of two mangrove species was reflected in the geometry and pit membrane characteristics of their intervessel pits. Within species, intervessel pit size seemed to be independent of spatial variations in environmental conditions and was only weakly correlated with vessel diameter. Further research on pit formation and function has to clarify the large variations in intervessel pit size within trees and even within single vessels.
Url:
- https://api.istex.fr/document/9E594882EF83B7D912A713404AFD3EA8F38870FF/fulltext/pdf
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2735318
DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcm103
Affiliations:
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last="Jansen">Steven Jansen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Surrey TW9 3DS</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Verheyden, Anouk" sort="Verheyden, Anouk" uniqKey="Verheyden A" first="Anouk" last="Verheyden">Anouk Verheyden</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA), Laboratory for Wood Biology and Wood Collection, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080 Tervuren</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>3080 Tervuren</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>SUNY Orange County Community College, Department of Biology, 115 South Street, Middletown, NY 10940</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kairo, James Gitundu" sort="Kairo, James Gitundu" uniqKey="Kairo J" first="James Gitundu" last="Kairo">James Gitundu Kairo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea>Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI), PO Box 81651, Mombasa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Mombasa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Beeckman, Hans" sort="Beeckman, Hans" uniqKey="Beeckman H" first="Hans" last="Beeckman">Hans Beeckman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA), Laboratory for Wood Biology and Wood Collection, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080 Tervuren</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>3080 Tervuren</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koedam, Nico" sort="Koedam, Nico" uniqKey="Koedam N" first="Nico" last="Koedam">Nico 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To elucidate the adaptive potential of intervessel pits towards fluctuating environmental conditions, two mangrove species with a distinct ecological distribution growing along a natural salinity gradient were investigated. Methods Scanning and transmission electron microscopic observations were conducted to obtain qualitative and quantitative characteristics of alternate intervessel pits in A. marina and scalariform intervessel pits in Rhizophora mucronata. Wood samples from three to six trees were collected at seven and five sites for A. marina and R. mucronata, respectively, with considerable differences between sites in soil water salinity. Key Results Vestured pits without visible pores in the pit membrane were observed in A. marina, the mangrove species with the widest geographical distribution on global as well as local scale. Their thick pit membranes (on average 370 nm) and minute pit apertures may contribute to reduced vulnerability to cavitation of this highly salt-tolerant species. The smaller ecological distribution of R. mucronata was in accordance with wide pit apertures and a slightly higher pitfield fraction (67 vs. 60 in A. marina). Nonetheless, its outer pit apertures were observed to be funnel-shaped shielding non-porous pit membranes. No trends in intervessel pit size were observed with increasing soil water salinity of the site. Conclusions The contrasting ecological distribution of two mangrove species was reflected in the geometry and pit membrane characteristics of their intervessel pits. Within species, intervessel pit size seemed to be independent of spatial variations in environmental conditions and was only weakly correlated with vessel diameter. Further research on pit formation and function has to clarify the large variations in intervessel pit size within trees and even within single vessels.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Belgique</li><li>Kenya</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Vienne (Autriche)</li><li>État de New York</li></region><settlement><li>Vienne (Autriche)</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="Belgique"><region name="Vienne (Autriche)"><name sortKey="Schmitz, Nele" sort="Schmitz, Nele" uniqKey="Schmitz N" first="Nele" last="Schmitz">Nele Schmitz</name></region><name sortKey="Beeckman, Hans" sort="Beeckman, Hans" uniqKey="Beeckman H" first="Hans" last="Beeckman">Hans Beeckman</name><name sortKey="Koedam, Nico" sort="Koedam, Nico" uniqKey="Koedam N" first="Nico" last="Koedam">Nico Koedam</name><name sortKey="Schmitz, Nele" sort="Schmitz, Nele" uniqKey="Schmitz N" first="Nele" last="Schmitz">Nele Schmitz</name><name sortKey="Schmitz, Nele" sort="Schmitz, Nele" uniqKey="Schmitz N" first="Nele" last="Schmitz">Nele Schmitz</name><name sortKey="Verheyden, Anouk" sort="Verheyden, Anouk" uniqKey="Verheyden A" first="Anouk" last="Verheyden">Anouk Verheyden</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Jansen, Steven" sort="Jansen, Steven" uniqKey="Jansen S" first="Steven" last="Jansen">Steven Jansen</name></noRegion></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="État de New York"><name sortKey="Verheyden, Anouk" sort="Verheyden, Anouk" uniqKey="Verheyden A" first="Anouk" last="Verheyden">Anouk Verheyden</name></region></country><country name="Kenya"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kairo, James Gitundu" sort="Kairo, James Gitundu" uniqKey="Kairo J" first="James Gitundu" last="Kairo">James Gitundu Kairo</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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