A review of black heart of ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.)
Identifieur interne : 000F28 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000F27; suivant : 000F29A review of black heart of ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.)
Auteurs : G. KerrSource :
- Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research [ 0015-752X ] ; 1998.
Abstract
Black heart is a non-fungal stain of ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) which results in a price penalty compared with white wood. The formation of black heart varies within individual trees, between trees and on different sites; the evidence available suggests that it can be present in up to 45 per cent of trees at age 60. Once formed the proportion of cross-sectional area affected increases with age. Previous work has suggested that black heart has no effect on timber properties or strength but its occurrence has been linked with high soil moisture. However these studies were conducted in the 1950s and need to be confirmed using more rigorous research methods. Scope exists for innovative marketing of black heartwood to emphasize that it is a natural feature and can be visually pleasing; this may lead to better returns for the grower.
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DOI: 10.1093/forestry/71.1.49
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Kerr</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Forestry Commission Research Agency, Alice Holt Lodge, Wrecclesham, Farnham, Surrey, GU10 4LH, England</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:ECF480B831E9BA92E4F378B10825CA4C546F6D6B</idno><date when="1998" year="1998">1998</date><idno type="doi">10.1093/forestry/71.1.49</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/ECF480B831E9BA92E4F378B10825CA4C546F6D6B/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000F28</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">000F28</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a">A review of black heart of ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.)</title><author wicri:is="90%"><name sortKey="Kerr, G" sort="Kerr, G" uniqKey="Kerr G" first="G." last="Kerr">G. Kerr</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Forestry Commission Research Agency, Alice Holt Lodge, Wrecclesham, Farnham, Surrey, GU10 4LH, England</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research</title><idno type="ISSN">0015-752X</idno><idno type="eISSN">1464-3626</idno><imprint><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><date type="published" when="1998">1998</date><biblScope unit="volume">71</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="49">49</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="56">56</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0015-752X</idno></series><idno type="istex">ECF480B831E9BA92E4F378B10825CA4C546F6D6B</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1093/forestry/71.1.49</idno><idno type="ArticleID">71.1.49</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0015-752X</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Black heart is a non-fungal stain of ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) which results in a price penalty compared with white wood. The formation of black heart varies within individual trees, between trees and on different sites; the evidence available suggests that it can be present in up to 45 per cent of trees at age 60. Once formed the proportion of cross-sectional area affected increases with age. Previous work has suggested that black heart has no effect on timber properties or strength but its occurrence has been linked with high soil moisture. However these studies were conducted in the 1950s and need to be confirmed using more rigorous research methods. Scope exists for innovative marketing of black heartwood to emphasize that it is a natural feature and can be visually pleasing; this may lead to better returns for the grower.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>oup</corpusName><author><json:item><name>G. KERR</name><affiliations><json:string>Forestry Commission Research Agency, Alice Holt Lodge, Wrecclesham, Farnham, Surrey, GU10 4LH, England</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><value>Articles</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>71.1.49</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>research-article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Black heart is a non-fungal stain of ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) which results in a price penalty compared with white wood. The formation of black heart varies within individual trees, between trees and on different sites; the evidence available suggests that it can be present in up to 45 per cent of trees at age 60. Once formed the proportion of cross-sectional area affected increases with age. Previous work has suggested that black heart has no effect on timber properties or strength but its occurrence has been linked with high soil moisture. However these studies were conducted in the 1950s and need to be confirmed using more rigorous research methods. Scope exists for innovative marketing of black heartwood to emphasize that it is a natural feature and can be visually pleasing; this may lead to better returns for the grower.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>6.744</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>525 x 701 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>false</refBibsNative><keywordCount>1</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>840</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>3064</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>18113</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>8</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>140</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>A review of black heart of ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.)</title><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>G Baker</name></json:item></author><host><volume>20</volume><pages><last>52</last><first>51</first></pages><issue>8</issue><author></author><title>For. 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The formation of black heart varies within individual trees, between trees and on different sites; the evidence available suggests that it can be present in up to 45 per cent of trees at age 60. Once formed the proportion of cross-sectional area affected increases with age. Previous work has suggested that black heart has no effect on timber properties or strength but its occurrence has been linked with high soil moisture. However these studies were conducted in the 1950s and need to be confirmed using more rigorous research methods. Scope exists for innovative marketing of black heartwood to emphasize that it is a natural feature and can be visually pleasing; this may lead to better returns for the grower.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><item><term>Articles</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1998">Published</change><change xml:id="refBibs-istex" who="#ISTEX-API" when="2016-12-22">References added</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/ECF480B831E9BA92E4F378B10825CA4C546F6D6B/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="corpus oup" wicri:toSee="no header"><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v2.3 20070202//EN" URI="journalpublishing.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><article article-type="research-article"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">foresj</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">foresj</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">foresj</journal-id><journal-title>Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research</journal-title><issn pub-type="epub">1464-3626</issn><issn pub-type="ppub">0015-752X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Oxford University Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/forestry/71.1.49</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">71.1.49</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>A review of black heart of ash (<italic>Fraxinus excelsior</italic> L.)
</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>KERR</surname><given-names>G.</given-names></name></contrib><aff><institution>Forestry Commission Research Agency</institution> <addr-line>Alice Holt Lodge, Wrecclesham, Farnham, Surrey, GU10 4LH, England</addr-line></aff></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><year>1998</year></pub-date><volume>71</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>49</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>15</day><month>5</month><year>1996</year></date></history><copyright-statement>© Institute of Chartered Foresters</copyright-statement><copyright-year>1998</copyright-year><abstract><p>Black heart is a non-fungal stain of ash (<italic>Fraxinus excelsior</italic> L.) which results in a price penalty compared with white wood. The formation of black heart varies within individual trees, between trees and on different sites; the evidence available suggests that it can be present in up to 45 per cent of trees at age 60. Once formed the proportion of cross-sectional area affected increases with age. Previous work has suggested that black heart has no effect on timber properties or strength but its occurrence has been linked with high soil moisture. However these studies were conducted in the 1950s and need to be confirmed using more rigorous research methods. Scope exists for innovative marketing of black heartwood to emphasize that it is a natural feature and can be visually pleasing; this may lead to better returns for the grower.</p></abstract></article-meta></front></article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><title>A review of black heart of ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.)</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>A review of black heart of ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.)</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">G.</namePart><namePart type="family">KERR</namePart><affiliation>Forestry Commission Research Agency, Alice Holt Lodge, Wrecclesham, Farnham, Surrey, GU10 4LH, England</affiliation></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="research-article"></genre><subject><topic>Articles</topic></subject><originInfo><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1998</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1998</copyrightDate></originInfo><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract>Black heart is a non-fungal stain of ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) which results in a price penalty compared with white wood. The formation of black heart varies within individual trees, between trees and on different sites; the evidence available suggests that it can be present in up to 45 per cent of trees at age 60. Once formed the proportion of cross-sectional area affected increases with age. Previous work has suggested that black heart has no effect on timber properties or strength but its occurrence has been linked with high soil moisture. However these studies were conducted in the 1950s and need to be confirmed using more rigorous research methods. Scope exists for innovative marketing of black heartwood to emphasize that it is a natural feature and can be visually pleasing; this may lead to better returns for the grower.</abstract><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0015-752X</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1464-3626</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">foresj</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID-hwp">foresj</identifier><part><date>1998</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>71</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>1</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>49</start><end>56</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">ECF480B831E9BA92E4F378B10825CA4C546F6D6B</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1093/forestry/71.1.49</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">71.1.49</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© Institute of Chartered Foresters</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>OUP</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods></metadata><annexes><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/ECF480B831E9BA92E4F378B10825CA4C546F6D6B/annexes/pdf</uri></json:item></annexes><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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