Phytophthora ramorum in England and Wales: which environmental variables predict county disease incidence?
Identifieur interne : 000C45 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000C44; suivant : 000C46Phytophthora ramorum in England and Wales: which environmental variables predict county disease incidence?
Auteurs : V. Chadfield ; M. PautassoSource :
- Forest Pathology [ 1437-4781 ] ; 2012-04.
Abstract
Phytophthora ramorum is the oomycete pathogen responsible for Sudden Oak Death on the West Coast of the USA and Sudden Larch Death in the British Isles. It also causes twig dieback and leaf blight on a series of ornamental hosts (e.g. Rhododendron, Viburnum, Pieris and Camellia) commonly grown in plant nurseries, traded by garden centres and cultivated in public and private gardens. The role of the plant trade in the dispersal of P. ramorum has been well documented, but there is a need for regional analyses of which environmental variables can predict disease expression in the trade and in the wild, so as to be able to better predict the further development of this worldwide plant health issue. In this study, we analyse data on the incidence of P. ramorum (2002–2009, thus before the reports in Japanese larch plantations) in counties in England and Wales as a function of environmental variables such as temperature and rainfall, controlling for confounding factors such as county area, human population and spatial autocorrelation. While P. ramorum county incidence in nurseries and retail centres was positively related to county area and human population density, county incidence in gardens and the wild did not show such correlations, declined significantly towards the East and was positively correlated with disease incidence in the trade. The latter finding, although not conclusively proving causation, suggests a role of the trade in the dispersal of this pathogen across English and Welsh landscapes. Combined together, P. ramorum county incidence in the trade and in the semi‐natural environment increased with increasing precipitation and with declining latitude. This study shows the importance of environmental variables in shaping regional plant epidemics, but also yields results that are suggestive of a role of people in spreading plant diseases across entire countries.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0329.2011.00735.x
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Pautasso</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Present address: CEFE, CNRS, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:417D1A2BF9B49F2A3B083C282AA6DE98D4358D90</idno><date when="2012" year="2012">2012</date><idno type="doi">10.1111/j.1439-0329.2011.00735.x</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/417D1A2BF9B49F2A3B083C282AA6DE98D4358D90/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000C45</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">000C45</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Phytophthora ramorum in England and Wales: which environmental variables predict county disease incidence?</title><author><name sortKey="Chadfield, V" sort="Chadfield, V" uniqKey="Chadfield V" first="V." last="Chadfield">V. Chadfield</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E‐mail: vgac500@york.ac.uk (for correspondence) Present address for Victoria Chadfield: Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pautasso, M" sort="Pautasso, M" uniqKey="Pautasso M" first="M." last="Pautasso">M. 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It also causes twig dieback and leaf blight on a series of ornamental hosts (e.g. Rhododendron, Viburnum, Pieris and Camellia) commonly grown in plant nurseries, traded by garden centres and cultivated in public and private gardens. The role of the plant trade in the dispersal of P. ramorum has been well documented, but there is a need for regional analyses of which environmental variables can predict disease expression in the trade and in the wild, so as to be able to better predict the further development of this worldwide plant health issue. In this study, we analyse data on the incidence of P. ramorum (2002–2009, thus before the reports in Japanese larch plantations) in counties in England and Wales as a function of environmental variables such as temperature and rainfall, controlling for confounding factors such as county area, human population and spatial autocorrelation. While P. ramorum county incidence in nurseries and retail centres was positively related to county area and human population density, county incidence in gardens and the wild did not show such correlations, declined significantly towards the East and was positively correlated with disease incidence in the trade. The latter finding, although not conclusively proving causation, suggests a role of the trade in the dispersal of this pathogen across English and Welsh landscapes. Combined together, P. ramorum county incidence in the trade and in the semi‐natural environment increased with increasing precipitation and with declining latitude. This study shows the importance of environmental variables in shaping regional plant epidemics, but also yields results that are suggestive of a role of people in spreading plant diseases across entire countries.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>V. Chadfield</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK</json:string><json:string>E‐mail: vgac500@york.ac.uk (for correspondence) Present address for Victoria Chadfield: Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>M. Pautasso</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK</json:string><json:string>Present address: CEFE, CNRS, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><articleId><json:string>EFP735</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Phytophthora ramorum is the oomycete pathogen responsible for Sudden Oak Death on the West Coast of the USA and Sudden Larch Death in the British Isles. It also causes twig dieback and leaf blight on a series of ornamental hosts (e.g. Rhododendron, Viburnum, Pieris and Camellia) commonly grown in plant nurseries, traded by garden centres and cultivated in public and private gardens. The role of the plant trade in the dispersal of P. ramorum has been well documented, but there is a need for regional analyses of which environmental variables can predict disease expression in the trade and in the wild, so as to be able to better predict the further development of this worldwide plant health issue. In this study, we analyse data on the incidence of P. ramorum (2002–2009, thus before the reports in Japanese larch plantations) in counties in England and Wales as a function of environmental variables such as temperature and rainfall, controlling for confounding factors such as county area, human population and spatial autocorrelation. While P. ramorum county incidence in nurseries and retail centres was positively related to county area and human population density, county incidence in gardens and the wild did not show such correlations, declined significantly towards the East and was positively correlated with disease incidence in the trade. The latter finding, although not conclusively proving causation, suggests a role of the trade in the dispersal of this pathogen across English and Welsh landscapes. Combined together, P. ramorum county incidence in the trade and in the semi‐natural environment increased with increasing precipitation and with declining latitude. This study shows the importance of environmental variables in shaping regional plant epidemics, but also yields results that are suggestive of a role of people in spreading plant diseases across entire countries.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>595.276 x 782.362 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>1900</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>5518</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>33371</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>10</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>291</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Phytophthora ramorum in England and Wales: which environmental variables predict county disease incidence?</title><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>J. Alexander</name></json:item><json:item><name>C. A. Lee</name></json:item></author><host><volume>46</volume><pages><last>328</last><first>315</first></pages><author></author><title>Environ. 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A literature review</title></json:item></refBibs><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><volume>42</volume><publisherId><json:string>EFP</json:string></publisherId><pages><total>10</total><last>159</last><first>150</first></pages><issn><json:string>1437-4781</json:string></issn><issue>2</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1439-0329</json:string></eissn><title>Forest Pathology</title><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1439-0329</json:string></doi></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>forestry</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>applied sciences</json:string><json:string>agriculture, fisheries & forestry</json:string><json:string>forestry</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>2012</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2012</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1111/j.1439-0329.2011.00735.x</json:string></doi><id>417D1A2BF9B49F2A3B083C282AA6DE98D4358D90</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/417D1A2BF9B49F2A3B083C282AA6DE98D4358D90/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/417D1A2BF9B49F2A3B083C282AA6DE98D4358D90/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/417D1A2BF9B49F2A3B083C282AA6DE98D4358D90/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Phytophthora ramorum in England and Wales: which environmental variables predict county disease incidence?</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><availability><p>© 2011 Blackwell Verlag GmbH</p></availability><date>2012</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Phytophthora ramorum in England and Wales: which environmental variables predict county disease incidence?</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">V.</forename><surname>Chadfield</surname></persName><affiliation>Division of Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK</affiliation><affiliation>E‐mail: vgac500@york.ac.uk (for correspondence) Present address for Victoria Chadfield: Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">M.</forename><surname>Pautasso</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK</affiliation><affiliation>Present address: CEFE, CNRS, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Forest Pathology</title><idno type="pISSN">1437-4781</idno><idno type="eISSN">1439-0329</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1439-0329</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2012-04"></date><biblScope unit="volume">42</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="150">150</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="159">159</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">417D1A2BF9B49F2A3B083C282AA6DE98D4358D90</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1439-0329.2011.00735.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">EFP735</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2012</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Phytophthora ramorum is the oomycete pathogen responsible for Sudden Oak Death on the West Coast of the USA and Sudden Larch Death in the British Isles. It also causes twig dieback and leaf blight on a series of ornamental hosts (e.g. Rhododendron, Viburnum, Pieris and Camellia) commonly grown in plant nurseries, traded by garden centres and cultivated in public and private gardens. The role of the plant trade in the dispersal of P. ramorum has been well documented, but there is a need for regional analyses of which environmental variables can predict disease expression in the trade and in the wild, so as to be able to better predict the further development of this worldwide plant health issue. In this study, we analyse data on the incidence of P. ramorum (2002–2009, thus before the reports in Japanese larch plantations) in counties in England and Wales as a function of environmental variables such as temperature and rainfall, controlling for confounding factors such as county area, human population and spatial autocorrelation. While P. ramorum county incidence in nurseries and retail centres was positively related to county area and human population density, county incidence in gardens and the wild did not show such correlations, declined significantly towards the East and was positively correlated with disease incidence in the trade. The latter finding, although not conclusively proving causation, suggests a role of the trade in the dispersal of this pathogen across English and Welsh landscapes. Combined together, P. ramorum county incidence in the trade and in the semi‐natural environment increased with increasing precipitation and with declining latitude. This study shows the importance of environmental variables in shaping regional plant epidemics, but also yields results that are suggestive of a role of people in spreading plant diseases across entire countries.</p></abstract></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2012-04">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/417D1A2BF9B49F2A3B083C282AA6DE98D4358D90/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1439-0329</doi><issn type="print">1437-4781</issn><issn type="electronic">1439-0329</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="EFP"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="FOREST PATHOLOGY">Forest Pathology</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="04102"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/efp.2012.42.issue-2</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="42">42</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="2">2</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2012-04">April 2012</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="8" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1439-0329.2011.00735.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="EFP735"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="10"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">ORIGINAL ARTICLES</title></titleGroup><copyright>© 2011 Blackwell Verlag GmbH</copyright><eventGroup><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:3.1.3 standalone mode:FullText" date="2012-04-10"></event><event type="publishedOnlineEarlyUnpaginated" date="2011-08-05"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2011-08-05"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2012-04-10"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:4.0.1" date="2014-03-12"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.3.4 mode:FullText" date="2015-02-25"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="150">150</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="159">159</numbering></numberingGroup><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:EFP.EFP735.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Received: 14.4.2011; accepted: 11.7.2011; editor: S. Woodward</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="3"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="4"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main"><i>Phytophthora ramorum</i> in England and Wales: which environmental variables predict county disease incidence?</title><title type="shortAuthors"><i>V. Chadfield and M. Pautasso</i></title><title type="short">Phytophthora ramorum <i>in England and Wales</i></title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1 #a4"><personName><givenNames>V.</givenNames><familyName>Chadfield</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a2 #a3"><personName><givenNames>M.</givenNames><familyName>Pautasso</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="GB"><unparsedAffiliation>Division of Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2" countryCode="GB"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a3" countryCode="FR"><unparsedAffiliation>Present address: CEFE, CNRS, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a4" countryCode="TD"><unparsedAffiliation> E‐mail: <email>vgac500@york.ac.uk</email> (for correspondence) Present address for Victoria Chadfield: Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Summary</title><p><i>Phytophthora ramorum</i> is the oomycete pathogen responsible for Sudden Oak Death on the West Coast of the USA and Sudden Larch Death in the British Isles. It also causes twig dieback and leaf blight on a series of ornamental hosts (e.g. <i>Rhododendron, Viburnum, Pieris and Camellia</i>) commonly grown in plant nurseries, traded by garden centres and cultivated in public and private gardens. The role of the plant trade in the dispersal of <i>P. ramorum</i> has been well documented, but there is a need for regional analyses of which environmental variables can predict disease expression in the trade and in the wild, so as to be able to better predict the further development of this worldwide plant health issue. In this study, we analyse data on the incidence of <i>P. ramorum</i> (2002–2009, thus before the reports in Japanese larch plantations) in counties in England and Wales as a function of environmental variables such as temperature and rainfall, controlling for confounding factors such as county area, human population and spatial autocorrelation. While <i>P. ramorum</i> county incidence in nurseries and retail centres was positively related to county area and human population density, county incidence in gardens and the wild did not show such correlations, declined significantly towards the East and was positively correlated with disease incidence in the trade. The latter finding, although not conclusively proving causation, suggests a role of the trade in the dispersal of this pathogen across English and Welsh landscapes. Combined together<i>, P. ramorum</i> county incidence in the trade and in the semi‐natural environment increased with increasing precipitation and with declining latitude. 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Woodward</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2012</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">3</extent><extent unit="tables">4</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Phytophthora ramorum is the oomycete pathogen responsible for Sudden Oak Death on the West Coast of the USA and Sudden Larch Death in the British Isles. It also causes twig dieback and leaf blight on a series of ornamental hosts (e.g. Rhododendron, Viburnum, Pieris and Camellia) commonly grown in plant nurseries, traded by garden centres and cultivated in public and private gardens. The role of the plant trade in the dispersal of P. ramorum has been well documented, but there is a need for regional analyses of which environmental variables can predict disease expression in the trade and in the wild, so as to be able to better predict the further development of this worldwide plant health issue. In this study, we analyse data on the incidence of P. ramorum (2002–2009, thus before the reports in Japanese larch plantations) in counties in England and Wales as a function of environmental variables such as temperature and rainfall, controlling for confounding factors such as county area, human population and spatial autocorrelation. While P. ramorum county incidence in nurseries and retail centres was positively related to county area and human population density, county incidence in gardens and the wild did not show such correlations, declined significantly towards the East and was positively correlated with disease incidence in the trade. The latter finding, although not conclusively proving causation, suggests a role of the trade in the dispersal of this pathogen across English and Welsh landscapes. Combined together, P. ramorum county incidence in the trade and in the semi‐natural environment increased with increasing precipitation and with declining latitude. This study shows the importance of environmental variables in shaping regional plant epidemics, but also yields results that are suggestive of a role of people in spreading plant diseases across entire countries.</abstract><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Forest Pathology</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">1437-4781</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1439-0329</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1439-0329</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">EFP</identifier><part><date>2012</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>42</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>2</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>150</start><end>159</end><total>10</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">417D1A2BF9B49F2A3B083C282AA6DE98D4358D90</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1439-0329.2011.00735.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">EFP735</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© 2011 Blackwell Verlag GmbH</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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