Environmental reconstructions of Eemian Stage interglacial marine records in the Lower Vistula area, southern Baltic Sea
Identifieur interne : 000617 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000616; suivant : 000618Environmental reconstructions of Eemian Stage interglacial marine records in the Lower Vistula area, southern Baltic Sea
Auteurs : Karen Luise Knudsen ; Hui Jiang ; Philip L. Gibbard ; Peter Kristensen ; Marit-Solveig Seidenkrantz ; Zofia Janczyk-Kopikowa ; Leszek MarksSource :
- Boreas [ 0300-9483 ] ; 2012-04.
Abstract
A multiproxy study of Eemian Stage sediments in two core records, Licze and Obrzynowo, in the Gulf of Gdańsk area of northern Poland, shows that the brackish‐marine interglacial conditions were determined partly by regional environmental changes and partly by local changes of the river outflow from the Vistula into the southern Baltic Sea. Correlation of the sediments with the Eemian is based on pollen analysis of the Obrzynowo record, showing the presence of regional pollen zones (RPAZ) E2–E6, combined with previously published pollen analyses from Licze (RPAZ E1–E7). A floating chronology is established on the basis of correlation with the annually laminated Bispingen sequence. Diatoms, foraminifera and ostracods are used as marine environmental proxies at both sites. An indication of marine conditions as early as pollen zone E1 or E2 at Licze and close to the E2–E3 boundary at Obrzynowo reflects the rapid relative sea‐level rise in the area, which proceeded through ∼3000 years. A major salinity increase c. 1100 years after the beginning of the Eemian (early pollen zone E4) at both sites may be related to the opening of the Danish Straits. The Obrzynowo site became isolated from the sea at c. 3500 years (early pollen zone E5), whereas marine conditions continued at Licze until c. 7000 years, that is, throughout pollen zone E5. Gradually shallower water after c. 5000 years presumably resulted from progradation of the rivers combined with isostatic rebound of the area before final isolation from the sea at c. 7000 years.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1502-3885.2011.00232.x
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Gibbard</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Cambridge Quaternary, Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, CB2 3EN, Cambridge, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: plg1@cam.ac.uk</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kristensen, Peter" sort="Kristensen, Peter" uniqKey="Kristensen P" first="Peter" last="Kristensen">Peter Kristensen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK‐8000, Denmark</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: peter.h.kristensen@geo.au.dk</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seidenkrantz, Marit Olveig" sort="Seidenkrantz, Marit Olveig" uniqKey="Seidenkrantz M" first="Marit-Solveig" last="Seidenkrantz">Marit-Solveig Seidenkrantz</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centre for Past Climate Studies, Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK‐8000, Denmark</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: mss@geo.au.dk</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Janczyk Opikowa, Zofia" sort="Janczyk Opikowa, Zofia" uniqKey="Janczyk Opikowa Z" first="Zofia" last="Janczyk-Kopikowa">Zofia Janczyk-Kopikowa</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Polish Geological Institute, Rakowiecka 4, PL‐00‐975, Warsaw, Poland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marks, Leszek" sort="Marks, Leszek" uniqKey="Marks L" first="Leszek" last="Marks">Leszek Marks</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Climate Geology, Warsaw University, Żwirki i Wigury 93, PL‐02‐089, Warsaw, Poland</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: leszek.marks@uw.edu.pl</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Boreas</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Boreas</title><idno type="ISSN">0300-9483</idno><idno type="eISSN">1502-3885</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><date type="published" when="2012-04">2012-04</date><biblScope unit="volume">41</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="209">209</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="234">234</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0300-9483</idno></series><idno type="istex">EE5969EDFFEF98D9A71AC6CFF17539380A4ECBC4</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1502-3885.2011.00232.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">BOR232</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0300-9483</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">A multiproxy study of Eemian Stage sediments in two core records, Licze and Obrzynowo, in the Gulf of Gdańsk area of northern Poland, shows that the brackish‐marine interglacial conditions were determined partly by regional environmental changes and partly by local changes of the river outflow from the Vistula into the southern Baltic Sea. Correlation of the sediments with the Eemian is based on pollen analysis of the Obrzynowo record, showing the presence of regional pollen zones (RPAZ) E2–E6, combined with previously published pollen analyses from Licze (RPAZ E1–E7). A floating chronology is established on the basis of correlation with the annually laminated Bispingen sequence. Diatoms, foraminifera and ostracods are used as marine environmental proxies at both sites. An indication of marine conditions as early as pollen zone E1 or E2 at Licze and close to the E2–E3 boundary at Obrzynowo reflects the rapid relative sea‐level rise in the area, which proceeded through ∼3000 years. A major salinity increase c. 1100 years after the beginning of the Eemian (early pollen zone E4) at both sites may be related to the opening of the Danish Straits. The Obrzynowo site became isolated from the sea at c. 3500 years (early pollen zone E5), whereas marine conditions continued at Licze until c. 7000 years, that is, throughout pollen zone E5. Gradually shallower water after c. 5000 years presumably resulted from progradation of the rivers combined with isostatic rebound of the area before final isolation from the sea at c. 7000 years.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Karen Luise Knudsen</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK‐8000, Denmark</json:string><json:string>E-mail: karenluise.knudsen@geo.au.dk</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Hui Jiang</name><affiliations><json:string>Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, East China Normal University, 200062, Shanghai, China</json:string><json:string>E-mail: hjiang@geo.ecnu.edu.cn</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Philip L. Gibbard</name><affiliations><json:string>Cambridge Quaternary, Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, CB2 3EN, Cambridge, UK</json:string><json:string>E-mail: plg1@cam.ac.uk</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Peter Kristensen</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK‐8000, Denmark</json:string><json:string>E-mail: peter.h.kristensen@geo.au.dk</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Marit‐Solveig Seidenkrantz</name><affiliations><json:string>Centre for Past Climate Studies, Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK‐8000, Denmark</json:string><json:string>E-mail: mss@geo.au.dk</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Zofia Janczyk‐Kopikowa</name><affiliations><json:string>Polish Geological Institute, Rakowiecka 4, PL‐00‐975, Warsaw, Poland</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Leszek Marks</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Climate Geology, Warsaw University, Żwirki i Wigury 93, PL‐02‐089, Warsaw, Poland</json:string><json:string>E-mail: leszek.marks@uw.edu.pl</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><articleId><json:string>BOR232</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>A multiproxy study of Eemian Stage sediments in two core records, Licze and Obrzynowo, in the Gulf of Gdańsk area of northern Poland, shows that the brackish‐marine interglacial conditions were determined partly by regional environmental changes and partly by local changes of the river outflow from the Vistula into the southern Baltic Sea. Correlation of the sediments with the Eemian is based on pollen analysis of the Obrzynowo record, showing the presence of regional pollen zones (RPAZ) E2–E6, combined with previously published pollen analyses from Licze (RPAZ E1–E7). A floating chronology is established on the basis of correlation with the annually laminated Bispingen sequence. Diatoms, foraminifera and ostracods are used as marine environmental proxies at both sites. An indication of marine conditions as early as pollen zone E1 or E2 at Licze and close to the E2–E3 boundary at Obrzynowo reflects the rapid relative sea‐level rise in the area, which proceeded through ∼3000 years. A major salinity increase c. 1100 years after the beginning of the Eemian (early pollen zone E4) at both sites may be related to the opening of the Danish Straits. The Obrzynowo site became isolated from the sea at c. 3500 years (early pollen zone E5), whereas marine conditions continued at Licze until c. 7000 years, that is, throughout pollen zone E5. Gradually shallower water after c. 5000 years presumably resulted from progradation of the rivers combined with isostatic rebound of the area before final isolation from the sea at c. 7000 years.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>7.952</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>595.276 x 782.362 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>1546</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>12182</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>77400</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>26</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>246</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Environmental reconstructions of Eemian Stage interglacial marine records in the Lower Vistula area, southern Baltic Sea</title><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>S. T. 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Boreas © 2011 The Boreas Collegium</p></availability><date>2011-09-29</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Environmental reconstructions of Eemian Stage interglacial marine records in the Lower Vistula area, southern Baltic Sea</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">Karen Luise</forename><surname>Knudsen</surname></persName><email>karenluise.knudsen@geo.au.dk</email><affiliation>Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK‐8000, Denmark</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Hui</forename><surname>Jiang</surname></persName><email>hjiang@geo.ecnu.edu.cn</email><affiliation>Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, East China Normal University, 200062, Shanghai, China</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Philip L.</forename><surname>Gibbard</surname></persName><email>plg1@cam.ac.uk</email><affiliation>Cambridge Quaternary, Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, CB2 3EN, Cambridge, UK</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">Peter</forename><surname>Kristensen</surname></persName><email>peter.h.kristensen@geo.au.dk</email><affiliation>Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK‐8000, Denmark</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-5"><persName><forename type="first">Marit‐Solveig</forename><surname>Seidenkrantz</surname></persName><email>mss@geo.au.dk</email><affiliation>Centre for Past Climate Studies, Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK‐8000, Denmark</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-6"><persName><forename type="first">Zofia</forename><surname>Janczyk‐Kopikowa</surname></persName><affiliation>Polish Geological Institute, Rakowiecka 4, PL‐00‐975, Warsaw, Poland</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-7"><persName><forename type="first">Leszek</forename><surname>Marks</surname></persName><email>leszek.marks@uw.edu.pl</email><affiliation>Department of Climate Geology, Warsaw University, Żwirki i Wigury 93, PL‐02‐089, Warsaw, Poland</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Boreas</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Boreas</title><idno type="pISSN">0300-9483</idno><idno type="eISSN">1502-3885</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1502-3885</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><date type="published" when="2012-04"></date><biblScope unit="volume">41</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="209">209</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="234">234</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">EE5969EDFFEF98D9A71AC6CFF17539380A4ECBC4</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1502-3885.2011.00232.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">BOR232</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2011-09-29</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract><p>A multiproxy study of Eemian Stage sediments in two core records, Licze and Obrzynowo, in the Gulf of Gdańsk area of northern Poland, shows that the brackish‐marine interglacial conditions were determined partly by regional environmental changes and partly by local changes of the river outflow from the Vistula into the southern Baltic Sea. Correlation of the sediments with the Eemian is based on pollen analysis of the Obrzynowo record, showing the presence of regional pollen zones (RPAZ) E2–E6, combined with previously published pollen analyses from Licze (RPAZ E1–E7). A floating chronology is established on the basis of correlation with the annually laminated Bispingen sequence. Diatoms, foraminifera and ostracods are used as marine environmental proxies at both sites. An indication of marine conditions as early as pollen zone E1 or E2 at Licze and close to the E2–E3 boundary at Obrzynowo reflects the rapid relative sea‐level rise in the area, which proceeded through ∼3000 years. A major salinity increase c. 1100 years after the beginning of the Eemian (early pollen zone E4) at both sites may be related to the opening of the Danish Straits. The Obrzynowo site became isolated from the sea at c. 3500 years (early pollen zone E5), whereas marine conditions continued at Licze until c. 7000 years, that is, throughout pollen zone E5. Gradually shallower water after c. 5000 years presumably resulted from progradation of the rivers combined with isostatic rebound of the area before final isolation from the sea at c. 7000 years.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>article-category</head><item><term>Original Article</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2011-05-10">Received</change><change when="2011-09-08">Registration</change><change when="2011-09-29">Created</change><change when="2012-04">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/EE5969EDFFEF98D9A71AC6CFF17539380A4ECBC4/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component type="serialArticle" version="2.0" xml:id="bor232" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/(ISSN)1502-3885</doi><issn type="print">0300-9483</issn><issn type="electronic">1502-3885</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="BOR"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title sort="BOREAS" type="main">Boreas</title><title type="short">Boreas</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="04102"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/bor.2012.41.issue-2</doi><copyright ownership="thirdParty">Boreas © 2012 The Boreas</copyright><numberingGroup><numbering number="41" type="journalVolume">41</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">2</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2012-04">April 2012</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" position="30" status="forIssue" type="article"><doi>10.1111/j.1502-3885.2011.00232.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="BOR232"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count number="26" type="pageTotal"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">Original Articles</title><title type="articleCategory">Original Article</title></titleGroup><copyright ownership="thirdParty">© 2011 The Authors. Boreas © 2011 The Boreas Collegium</copyright><eventGroup><event agent="bestset" date="2011-09-29" type="xmlCreated"></event><event date="2011-05-10" type="manuscriptReceived"></event><event date="2011-09-08" type="manuscriptAccepted"></event><event date="2012-09-20" type="xmlCorrected"></event><event type="publishedOnlineEarlyUnpaginated" date="2011-11-02"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2012-03-21"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2011-11-02"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-01-08"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.3.4 mode:FullText" date="2015-02-25"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">209</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">234</numbering></numberingGroup><selfCitationGroup><citation type="self" xml:id="bor232-cit-5001"><author><familyName>Knudsen</familyName>, <givenNames>K. L.</givenNames></author>, <author><familyName>Jiang</familyName>, <givenNames>H.</givenNames></author>, <author><familyName>Gibbard</familyName>, <givenNames>P. L.</givenNames></author>, <author><familyName>Kristensen</familyName>, <givenNames>P.</givenNames></author>, <author><familyName>Seidenkrantz</familyName>, <givenNames>M.‐S.</givenNames></author>, <author><familyName>Janczyk‐Kopikowa</familyName>, <givenNames>Z.</givenNames></author> & <author><familyName>Marks</familyName>, <givenNames>L.</givenNames></author> <pubYear year="2011">2011</pubYear>: <articleTitle>Environmental reconstructions of Eemian Stage interglacial marine records in the Lower Vistula area, southern Baltic Sea</articleTitle>. <journalTitle>Boreas</journalTitle>, <accessionId ref="info:doi/10.1111/j.1502-3885.2011.00232.x">10.1111/j.1502‐3885.2011.00232.x</accessionId>. ISSN 0300‐9483. </citation></selfCitationGroup><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:BOR.BOR232.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><titleGroup><title type="short">Environmental reconstructions of the Eemian marine records, <fc>L</fc>ower <fc>V</fc>istula area</title><title type="shortAuthors">Karen <fc>L</fc>uise <fc>K</fc>nudsen et al.</title><title type="main">Environmental reconstructions of <fc>E</fc>emian <fc>S</fc>tage interglacial marine records in the <fc>L</fc>ower <fc>V</fc>istula area, southern <fc>B</fc>altic <fc>S</fc>ea</title></titleGroup><creators><creator affiliationRef="#bor232-aff-0001" creatorRole="author" xml:id="bor232-cr-0001"><personName><givenNames>Karen Luise</givenNames><familyName>Knudsen</familyName></personName><contactDetails><email>karenluise.knudsen@geo.au.dk</email></contactDetails></creator><creator affiliationRef="#bor232-aff-0002" creatorRole="author" xml:id="bor232-cr-0002"><personName><givenNames>Hui</givenNames><familyName>Jiang</familyName></personName><contactDetails><email>hjiang@geo.ecnu.edu.cn</email></contactDetails></creator><creator affiliationRef="#bor232-aff-0003" creatorRole="author" xml:id="bor232-cr-0003"><personName><givenNames>Philip L.</givenNames><familyName>Gibbard</familyName></personName><contactDetails><email>plg1@cam.ac.uk</email></contactDetails></creator><creator affiliationRef="#bor232-aff-0001" creatorRole="author" xml:id="bor232-cr-0004"><personName><givenNames>Peter</givenNames><familyName>Kristensen</familyName></personName><contactDetails><email>peter.h.kristensen@geo.au.dk</email></contactDetails></creator><creator affiliationRef="#bor232-aff-0004" creatorRole="author" xml:id="bor232-cr-0005"><personName><givenNames>Marit‐Solveig</givenNames><familyName>Seidenkrantz</familyName></personName><contactDetails><email>mss@geo.au.dk</email></contactDetails></creator><creator affiliationRef="#bor232-aff-0005" creatorRole="author" xml:id="bor232-cr-0006"><personName><givenNames>Zofia</givenNames><familyName>Janczyk‐Kopikowa</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#bor232-aff-0006" creatorRole="author" xml:id="bor232-cr-0007"><personName><givenNames>Leszek</givenNames><familyName>Marks</familyName></personName><contactDetails><email>leszek.marks@uw.edu.pl</email></contactDetails></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation countryCode="DK" xml:id="bor232-aff-0001"><orgDiv>Department of Geoscience</orgDiv><orgName>Aarhus University</orgName><address><postCode>DK‐8000</postCode><street>Aarhus C</street><country>Denmark</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="CN" xml:id="bor232-aff-0002"><orgDiv>Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science</orgDiv><orgName>East China Normal University</orgName><address><city>Shanghai</city><postCode>200062</postCode><country>China</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="GB" xml:id="bor232-aff-0003"><orgDiv>Cambridge Quaternary</orgDiv><orgDiv>Department of Geography</orgDiv><orgName>University of Cambridge</orgName><address><street>Downing Place</street><city>Cambridge</city><postCode>CB2 3EN</postCode><country>UK</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="DK" xml:id="bor232-aff-0004"><orgDiv>Centre for Past Climate Studies</orgDiv><orgDiv>Department of Geoscience</orgDiv><orgName>Aarhus University</orgName><address><postCode>DK‐8000</postCode><street>Aarhus C</street><country>Denmark</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="PL" xml:id="bor232-aff-0005"><orgName>Polish Geological Institute</orgName><address><street>Rakowiecka 4</street><postCode>PL‐00‐975</postCode><city>Warsaw</city><country>Poland</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="PL" xml:id="bor232-aff-0006"><orgDiv>Department of Climate Geology</orgDiv><orgName>Warsaw University</orgName><address><street>Żwirki i Wigury 93</street><postCode>PL‐02‐089</postCode><city>Warsaw</city><country>Poland</country></address></affiliation></affiliationGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main"><section xml:id="bor232-sec-5002"><p>A multiproxy study of <fc>E</fc>emian <fc>S</fc>tage sediments in two core records, <fc>L</fc>icze and <fc>O</fc>brzynowo, in the <fc>G</fc>ulf of <fc>G</fc>dańsk area of northern <fc>P</fc>oland, shows that the brackish‐marine interglacial conditions were determined partly by regional environmental changes and partly by local changes of the river outflow from the <fc>V</fc>istula into the southern <fc>B</fc>altic <fc>S</fc>ea. Correlation of the sediments with the <fc>E</fc>emian is based on pollen analysis of the <fc>O</fc>brzynowo record, showing the presence of regional pollen zones (<fc>RPAZ</fc>) <fc>E</fc>2–<fc>E</fc>6, combined with previously published pollen analyses from <fc>L</fc>icze (<fc>RPAZ E</fc>1–<fc>E</fc>7). A floating chronology is established on the basis of correlation with the annually laminated <fc>B</fc>ispingen sequence. Diatoms, foraminifera and ostracods are used as marine environmental proxies at both sites. An indication of marine conditions as early as pollen zone <fc>E</fc>1 or <fc>E</fc>2 at <fc>L</fc>icze and close to the <fc>E</fc>2–<fc>E</fc>3 boundary at <fc>O</fc>brzynowo reflects the rapid relative sea‐level rise in the area, which proceeded through <i>∼</i>3000 years. A major salinity increase <fc><i>c</i></fc>. 1100 years after the beginning of the <fc>E</fc>emian (early pollen zone <fc>E</fc>4) at both sites may be related to the opening of the <fc>D</fc>anish <fc>S</fc>traits. The <fc>O</fc>brzynowo site became isolated from the sea at <fc><i>c</i></fc>. 3500 years (early pollen zone <fc>E</fc>5), whereas marine conditions continued at <fc>L</fc>icze until <fc><i>c</i></fc>. 7000 years, that is, throughout pollen zone <fc>E</fc>5. Gradually shallower water after <fc><i>c</i></fc>. 5000 years presumably resulted from progradation of the rivers combined with isostatic rebound of the area before final isolation from the sea at <fc><i>c</i></fc>. 7000 years.</p></section></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Environmental reconstructions of Eemian Stage interglacial marine records in the Lower Vistula area, southern Baltic Sea</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Environmental reconstructions of the Eemian marine records, Lower Vistula area</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Environmental reconstructions of Eemian Stage interglacial marine records in the Lower Vistula area, southern Baltic Sea</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Karen Luise</namePart><namePart type="family">Knudsen</namePart><affiliation>Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK‐8000, Denmark</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: karenluise.knudsen@geo.au.dk</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Hui</namePart><namePart type="family">Jiang</namePart><affiliation>Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, East China Normal University, 200062, Shanghai, China</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: hjiang@geo.ecnu.edu.cn</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Philip L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Gibbard</namePart><affiliation>Cambridge Quaternary, Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, CB2 3EN, Cambridge, UK</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: plg1@cam.ac.uk</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Peter</namePart><namePart type="family">Kristensen</namePart><affiliation>Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK‐8000, Denmark</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: peter.h.kristensen@geo.au.dk</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Marit‐Solveig</namePart><namePart type="family">Seidenkrantz</namePart><affiliation>Centre for Past Climate Studies, Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK‐8000, Denmark</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: mss@geo.au.dk</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Zofia</namePart><namePart type="family">Janczyk‐Kopikowa</namePart><affiliation>Polish Geological Institute, Rakowiecka 4, PL‐00‐975, Warsaw, Poland</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Leszek</namePart><namePart type="family">Marks</namePart><affiliation>Department of Climate Geology, Warsaw University, Żwirki i Wigury 93, PL‐02‐089, Warsaw, Poland</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: leszek.marks@uw.edu.pl</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2012-04</dateIssued><dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">2011-09-29</dateCreated><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">2011-05-10</dateCaptured><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2011-09-08</dateValid><edition>Knudsen, K. L., Jiang, H., Gibbard, P. L., Kristensen, P., Seidenkrantz, M.‐S., Janczyk‐Kopikowa, Z. & Marks, L. 2011: Environmental reconstructions of Eemian Stage interglacial marine records in the Lower Vistula area, southern Baltic Sea. Boreas, 10.1111/j.1502‐3885.2011.00232.x. ISSN 0300‐9483.</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2012</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract>A multiproxy study of Eemian Stage sediments in two core records, Licze and Obrzynowo, in the Gulf of Gdańsk area of northern Poland, shows that the brackish‐marine interglacial conditions were determined partly by regional environmental changes and partly by local changes of the river outflow from the Vistula into the southern Baltic Sea. Correlation of the sediments with the Eemian is based on pollen analysis of the Obrzynowo record, showing the presence of regional pollen zones (RPAZ) E2–E6, combined with previously published pollen analyses from Licze (RPAZ E1–E7). A floating chronology is established on the basis of correlation with the annually laminated Bispingen sequence. Diatoms, foraminifera and ostracods are used as marine environmental proxies at both sites. An indication of marine conditions as early as pollen zone E1 or E2 at Licze and close to the E2–E3 boundary at Obrzynowo reflects the rapid relative sea‐level rise in the area, which proceeded through ∼3000 years. A major salinity increase c. 1100 years after the beginning of the Eemian (early pollen zone E4) at both sites may be related to the opening of the Danish Straits. The Obrzynowo site became isolated from the sea at c. 3500 years (early pollen zone E5), whereas marine conditions continued at Licze until c. 7000 years, that is, throughout pollen zone E5. Gradually shallower water after c. 5000 years presumably resulted from progradation of the rivers combined with isostatic rebound of the area before final isolation from the sea at c. 7000 years.</abstract><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Boreas</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Boreas</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>Original Article</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">0300-9483</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1502-3885</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1502-3885</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">BOR</identifier><part><date>2012</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>41</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>2</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>209</start><end>234</end><total>26</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">EE5969EDFFEF98D9A71AC6CFF17539380A4ECBC4</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1502-3885.2011.00232.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">BOR232</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Boreas © 2012 The Boreas© 2011 The Authors. 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|texte= Environmental reconstructions of Eemian Stage interglacial marine records in the Lower Vistula area, southern Baltic Sea
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