Unified classification of European natural forests: the approach of the vegetation map of Europe
Identifieur interne : 000039 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000038; suivant : 000040Unified classification of European natural forests: the approach of the vegetation map of Europe
Auteurs : Robert Neuh UslSource :
- Vegetatio [ 0042-3106 ] ; 1990-10-01.
Abstract
Abstract: With the aim of evaluating the accessible data on vegetation structure and composition for the Vegetation Map of Europe as far as possible, a reasonable classification of natural vegetation has been proposed which facilitates the identification of vegetation units used in different Schools of vegetation science. The proposed universal classification makes full use of several different principles. The highest units are based on physiognomic-ecological features and correspond to formation units of different rank. The European natural forest vegetation (including shrubs) has been divided into 10 formation units. Each formation is further divided into subunits according to the most important features. Ecological and functional interpretation has priority in the hierarchic structure of the system which was used in the legend to the Vegetation Map of Europe. The resulting system shows the most important features of latitudinal (vegetation zones and subzones), longitudinal (oceanic to continental analogues) and altitudinal (vegetation belts) regularities, further azonal vegetation types and their differentiation as well as the edaphic, geographic and florogenetic varieties of the natural plant cover. This arrangement constitutes a framework in which the vegetation units of different Schools can be classed.
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DOI: 10.1007/BF00032169
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<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Unified classification of European natural forests: the approach of the vegetation map of Europe</title><author><name sortKey="Neuh Usl, Robert" sort="Neuh Usl, Robert" uniqKey="Neuh Usl R" first="Robert" last="Neuh Usl">Robert Neuh Usl</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Botanical Institute, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, CS-25243, Průhonice near Prague, Czechoslovakia</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:3F6596DE962B933ACD17A71A96C2D10D59C99A0F</idno><date when="1990" year="1990">1990</date><idno type="doi">10.1007/BF00032169</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/3F6596DE962B933ACD17A71A96C2D10D59C99A0F/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000039</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">000039</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Unified classification of European natural forests: the approach of the vegetation map of Europe</title><author><name sortKey="Neuh Usl, Robert" sort="Neuh Usl, Robert" uniqKey="Neuh Usl R" first="Robert" last="Neuh Usl">Robert Neuh Usl</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Botanical Institute, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, CS-25243, Průhonice near Prague, Czechoslovakia</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Vegetatio</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Vegetatio</title><idno type="ISSN">0042-3106</idno><idno type="eISSN">1573-5052</idno><imprint><publisher>Kluwer Academic Publishers</publisher><pubPlace>Dordrecht</pubPlace><date type="published" when="1990-10-01">1990-10-01</date><biblScope unit="volume">89</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="173">173</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="181">181</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0042-3106</idno></series><idno type="istex">3F6596DE962B933ACD17A71A96C2D10D59C99A0F</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1007/BF00032169</idno><idno type="ArticleID">BF00032169</idno><idno type="ArticleID">Art7</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0042-3106</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: With the aim of evaluating the accessible data on vegetation structure and composition for the Vegetation Map of Europe as far as possible, a reasonable classification of natural vegetation has been proposed which facilitates the identification of vegetation units used in different Schools of vegetation science. The proposed universal classification makes full use of several different principles. The highest units are based on physiognomic-ecological features and correspond to formation units of different rank. The European natural forest vegetation (including shrubs) has been divided into 10 formation units. Each formation is further divided into subunits according to the most important features. Ecological and functional interpretation has priority in the hierarchic structure of the system which was used in the legend to the Vegetation Map of Europe. The resulting system shows the most important features of latitudinal (vegetation zones and subzones), longitudinal (oceanic to continental analogues) and altitudinal (vegetation belts) regularities, further azonal vegetation types and their differentiation as well as the edaphic, geographic and florogenetic varieties of the natural plant cover. This arrangement constitutes a framework in which the vegetation units of different Schools can be classed.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>springer</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Robert Neuhäusl</name><affiliations><json:string>Botanical Institute, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, CS-25243, Průhonice near Prague, Czechoslovakia</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><articleId><json:string>BF00032169</json:string><json:string>Art7</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>OriginalPaper</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Abstract: With the aim of evaluating the accessible data on vegetation structure and composition for the Vegetation Map of Europe as far as possible, a reasonable classification of natural vegetation has been proposed which facilitates the identification of vegetation units used in different Schools of vegetation science. The proposed universal classification makes full use of several different principles. The highest units are based on physiognomic-ecological features and correspond to formation units of different rank. The European natural forest vegetation (including shrubs) has been divided into 10 formation units. Each formation is further divided into subunits according to the most important features. Ecological and functional interpretation has priority in the hierarchic structure of the system which was used in the legend to the Vegetation Map of Europe. The resulting system shows the most important features of latitudinal (vegetation zones and subzones), longitudinal (oceanic to continental analogues) and altitudinal (vegetation belts) regularities, further azonal vegetation types and their differentiation as well as the edaphic, geographic and florogenetic varieties of the natural plant cover. This arrangement constitutes a framework in which the vegetation units of different Schools can be classed.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>5.953</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>555 x 735 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>false</refBibsNative><keywordCount>0</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1330</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>3709</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>27304</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>9</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>187</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Unified classification of European natural forests: the approach of the vegetation map of Europe</title><refBibs><json:item><author></author><host><author></author><title>Lavrenko, Isaeenko Neuh~.usl</title><publicationDate>1980</publicationDate></host><publicationDate>1980</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><host><author><json:item><name>Mesotrophic Oligotrophic</name></json:item><json:item><name> Beech</name></json:item><json:item><name> Mixed Beech Forests</name></json:item></author><title>Belgian (sessile oak-) beech forests (Fagus sylvatica, Quercus petraea) with Ilex aquifolium, Luzula sylvatica Atlantic-Subatlantic (oak-) beech forests, rich in Deschampsia flexuosa, with flex aquifolium, Lonicera periclymenum Colline and submontane types with Luzula luzuloides, Senecio fuchsii, Sambucus racemosa Atlantic-Subatlantic (sessile oak-) beech forests (Fagus sylvatica, Quercus petraea), rich in Luzula luzuloides, with Ilex aquifolium, Teucrium scorodonia , Lonicera periclymenum Central European (sessile oak-) beech forests, rich in Luzula luzuloides, with Carex umbrosa, Calamagrostis arundinacea, Deschampsia flexuosa Montane and uppermontane types with Abies alba, partly Acer pseudoplatanus Atlantic-Subatlantic-Central European beech forests (Fagus sylvatica), rich in Luzula luzuloides, without Abies alba, Prenanthes purpurea South Subatlantic-Central European fir-beech forests (Fagus sylvatica, Abies alba), partly with Picea abies, rich in Luzula luzuloides and/or Dryopteris dilatata, with Prenanthes purpurea Soil conditions, life-form spectrum, species composition Altitudinal belts, differential species Dominant and mixed trees, herb-layer species composition, differential species, area of distribution, special ecological conditions</title></host></json:item><json:item><host><author></author><title>Table 7 Mesophytic deciduous and mixed needle-leaved-broad-leaved forests: Division of beech and mixed beech forests, rich in species</title></host></json:item><json:item><host><author><json:item><name>Colline Lowland</name></json:item><json:item><name> Types</name></json:item></author><title>partly with Carpinus betulus and Quercus petraea 4. a) Anglo-Picardian beech forests (Fagus sylvatica), rich in Hyacinthoides nonscripta , with Primula vulgaris b) Atlantic-Subatlantic beech forests with Quercus robur, rich in Melica uniflora or Milium effusum, with Ilex aquifolium</title></host></json:item><json:item><host><author></author><title>Colline and submontane types with Carpinus betulus, Quercus petraea, etc</title></host></json:item><json:item><host><author></author><title>Subatlantic beech forests (Fagus sylvatica), rich in Melica uniflora, Galium odoratum or Milium effusum, partly with Galium sylvaticum b) Subatlantic-Central European beech forests with Lathyrus vernus, Hepatica nobilis</title></host></json:item><json:item><host><author><json:item><name>Uppermontane Montane</name></json:item><json:item><name> Types</name></json:item></author><title>mostly with Abies alba, partly with Picea abies, with Polygonatum verticillatum 4. a) Subatlantic beech forests (Fagus sylvatica), rich in Cardamine butbifera b) Southwest Central European calciphilous beech and fir-beech forests (Fagus sylvatiea, Abies alba)</title></host></json:item><json:item><host><author></author><title>Subalpine types with various tree admixture (Acer heldreichii ssp. visiani, Pinus heldreicbii</title></host></json:item><json:item><host><author></author><title>Beech forests in the Southeast Alps (Fagus sylvatica), rich in Homogyne sytvestris b) Illyrian-Dinarian beech forests, partly with Acer pseudoplatanus, with Saxifraga rotundifolia, Ranunculus platanifolius, Polystichum lonchitis, etc. Soil conditions, life-form spectrum, species composition Altitudinal belts, differential species</title></host></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>S,A Gribova</name></json:item><json:item><name>Z,V Karamysheva</name></json:item><json:item><name>R Neuh~iusl</name></json:item></author><host><volume>11</volume><pages><last>18</last><first>17</first></pages><author></author><title>Biol. Internat</title><publicationDate>1985</publicationDate></host><title>Vegetation Map of Europe Project</title><publicationDate>1985</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><host><author><json:item><name>E,M Lavrenko</name></json:item><json:item><name>T,I Isa6enko</name></json:item><json:item><name>S,A Gribova</name></json:item><json:item><name>R Neuh~iusl</name></json:item></author><title>A new project of vegetation map of Europe (a contribution of Central and East European countries) Abstract of IUBS Symposium on Small scale vegetation mapping</title><publicationDate>1980</publicationDate></host></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>R Neuh~iusl</name></json:item></author><host><volume>15</volume><pages><last>206</last><first>155</first></pages><author></author><title>Folia Geobotanica et Phytotaxonomica</title><publicationDate>1980</publicationDate></host><title>Das 1. Internationale Kolloquium fiber die geplante Vegetationskarte Europas</title><publicationDate>1980</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name> Neuh~</name></json:item><json:item><name>R Usl</name></json:item></author><host><volume>17</volume><pages><last>219</last><first>207</first></pages><author></author><title>Folia Geobotanica et Phytotaxonomica</title><publicationDate>1982</publicationDate></host><title>Das 2 Internationale Kolloquium /Jber die geplante Vegetationskarte Europas</title><publicationDate>1982</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>R Neuh~iusl</name></json:item></author><host><volume>22</volume><pages><last>95</last><first>89</first></pages><author></author><title>Folia Geobotanica et Pbytotaxonomica</title><publicationDate>1987</publicationDate></host><title>Fortschritte der Arbeiten am Projekt der Vegetationskarte Europas</title><publicationDate>1987</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><host><pages><last>9</last><first>3</first></pages><author><json:item><name>R Neuh~iusl</name></json:item><json:item><name>U Bohn</name></json:item><json:item><name>S,A Gribova</name></json:item><json:item><name>W Matuszkiewicz</name></json:item><json:item><name>P Ozenda</name></json:item></author><title>The Vegetation Map of Europe: Its concept and elaboration demonstrated by the specimen sheet XI Vegetation and flora of temperate zones European natural and seminatural vegetation and spontaneous flora</title><publicationDate>1990</publicationDate></host></json:item></refBibs><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><volume>89</volume><pages><last>181</last><first>173</first></pages><issn><json:string>0042-3106</json:string></issn><issue>2</issue><subject><json:item><value>Plant 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The proposed universal classification makes full use of several different principles. The highest units are based on physiognomic-ecological features and correspond to formation units of different rank. The European natural forest vegetation (including shrubs) has been divided into 10 formation units. Each formation is further divided into subunits according to the most important features. Ecological and functional interpretation has priority in the hierarchic structure of the system which was used in the legend to the Vegetation Map of Europe. The resulting system shows the most important features of latitudinal (vegetation zones and subzones), longitudinal (oceanic to continental analogues) and altitudinal (vegetation belts) regularities, further azonal vegetation types and their differentiation as well as the edaphic, geographic and florogenetic varieties of the natural plant cover. 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The proposed universal classification makes full use of several different principles. The highest units are based on physiognomic-ecological features and correspond to formation units of different rank. The European natural forest vegetation (including shrubs) has been divided into 10 formation units. Each formation is further divided into subunits according to the most important features. Ecological and functional interpretation has priority in the hierarchic structure of the system which was used in the legend to the Vegetation Map of Europe. The resulting system shows the most important features of latitudinal (vegetation zones and subzones), longitudinal (oceanic to continental analogues) and altitudinal (vegetation belts) regularities, further azonal vegetation types and their differentiation as well as the edaphic, geographic and florogenetic varieties of the natural plant cover. This arrangement constitutes a framework in which the vegetation units of different Schools can be classed.</Para></Abstract><KeywordGroup Language="En"><Heading>Keywords</Heading><Keyword>Classification approaches</Keyword><Keyword>Forest formations</Keyword><Keyword>Mapping units</Keyword><Keyword>Natural vegetation</Keyword></KeywordGroup></ArticleHeader><NoBody></NoBody></Article></Issue></Volume></Journal></Publisher></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Unified classification of European natural forests: the approach of the vegetation map of Europe</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Unified classification of European natural forests: the approach of the vegetation map of Europe</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Robert</namePart><namePart type="family">Neuhäusl</namePart><affiliation>Botanical Institute, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, CS-25243, Průhonice near Prague, Czechoslovakia</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="OriginalPaper"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Kluwer Academic Publishers</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Dordrecht</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1990-10-01</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1990</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Abstract: With the aim of evaluating the accessible data on vegetation structure and composition for the Vegetation Map of Europe as far as possible, a reasonable classification of natural vegetation has been proposed which facilitates the identification of vegetation units used in different Schools of vegetation science. The proposed universal classification makes full use of several different principles. The highest units are based on physiognomic-ecological features and correspond to formation units of different rank. The European natural forest vegetation (including shrubs) has been divided into 10 formation units. Each formation is further divided into subunits according to the most important features. Ecological and functional interpretation has priority in the hierarchic structure of the system which was used in the legend to the Vegetation Map of Europe. The resulting system shows the most important features of latitudinal (vegetation zones and subzones), longitudinal (oceanic to continental analogues) and altitudinal (vegetation belts) regularities, further azonal vegetation types and their differentiation as well as the edaphic, geographic and florogenetic varieties of the natural plant cover. 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