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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Hydrodynamic constraints on prey-capture performance in forward-striking snakes</title><author><name sortKey="Van Wassenbergh, Sam" sort="Van Wassenbergh, Sam" uniqKey="Van Wassenbergh S" first="Sam" last="Van Wassenbergh">Sam Van Wassenbergh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>Universiteit Antwerpen</institution>,<addr-line>Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerpen</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brecko, Jonathan" sort="Brecko, Jonathan" uniqKey="Brecko J" first="Jonathan" last="Brecko">Jonathan Brecko</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>Universiteit Antwerpen</institution>,<addr-line>Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerpen</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aerts, Peter" sort="Aerts, Peter" uniqKey="Aerts P" first="Peter" last="Aerts">Peter Aerts</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>Universiteit Antwerpen</institution>,<addr-line>Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerpen</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2"><addr-line>Department of Movement and Sports Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>Ghent University</institution>,<addr-line>Watersportlaan 2, 9000 Ghent</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stouten, Ilona" sort="Stouten, Ilona" uniqKey="Stouten I" first="Ilona" last="Stouten">Ilona Stouten</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3"><addr-line>Department of Industrial Sciences and Technology</addr-line>,<institution>XIOS Hogeschool Limburg, Agoralaan Gebouw H</institution>,<addr-line>3590 Diepenbeek</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vanheusden, Gwen" sort="Vanheusden, Gwen" uniqKey="Vanheusden G" first="Gwen" last="Vanheusden">Gwen Vanheusden</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3"><addr-line>Department of Industrial Sciences and Technology</addr-line>,<institution>XIOS Hogeschool Limburg, Agoralaan Gebouw H</institution>,<addr-line>3590 Diepenbeek</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Camps, Andy" sort="Camps, Andy" uniqKey="Camps A" first="Andy" last="Camps">Andy Camps</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3"><addr-line>Department of Industrial Sciences and Technology</addr-line>,<institution>XIOS Hogeschool Limburg, Agoralaan Gebouw H</institution>,<addr-line>3590 Diepenbeek</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Damme, Raoul" sort="Van Damme, Raoul" uniqKey="Van Damme R" first="Raoul" last="Van Damme">Raoul Van Damme</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>Universiteit Antwerpen</institution>,<addr-line>Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerpen</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Herrel, Anthony" sort="Herrel, Anthony" uniqKey="Herrel A" first="Anthony" last="Herrel">Anthony Herrel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af4"><addr-line>Department of Ecology and Management of Biodiversity</addr-line>,<institution>Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle</institution>,<addr-line>57 rue Cuvier, Case Postale 55, 75231 Paris Cedex 5</addr-line>,<country>France</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">19828500</idno><idno type="pmc">2874232</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2874232</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:2874232</idno><idno type="doi">10.1098/rsif.2009.0385</idno><date when="2009">2009</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000024</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000024</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Hydrodynamic constraints on prey-capture performance in forward-striking snakes</title><author><name sortKey="Van Wassenbergh, Sam" sort="Van Wassenbergh, Sam" uniqKey="Van Wassenbergh S" first="Sam" last="Van Wassenbergh">Sam Van Wassenbergh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>Universiteit Antwerpen</institution>,<addr-line>Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerpen</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brecko, Jonathan" sort="Brecko, Jonathan" uniqKey="Brecko J" first="Jonathan" last="Brecko">Jonathan Brecko</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>Universiteit Antwerpen</institution>,<addr-line>Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerpen</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aerts, Peter" sort="Aerts, Peter" uniqKey="Aerts P" first="Peter" last="Aerts">Peter Aerts</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>Universiteit Antwerpen</institution>,<addr-line>Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerpen</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2"><addr-line>Department of Movement and Sports Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>Ghent University</institution>,<addr-line>Watersportlaan 2, 9000 Ghent</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stouten, Ilona" sort="Stouten, Ilona" uniqKey="Stouten I" first="Ilona" last="Stouten">Ilona Stouten</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3"><addr-line>Department of Industrial Sciences and Technology</addr-line>,<institution>XIOS Hogeschool Limburg, Agoralaan Gebouw H</institution>,<addr-line>3590 Diepenbeek</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vanheusden, Gwen" sort="Vanheusden, Gwen" uniqKey="Vanheusden G" first="Gwen" last="Vanheusden">Gwen Vanheusden</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3"><addr-line>Department of Industrial Sciences and Technology</addr-line>,<institution>XIOS Hogeschool Limburg, Agoralaan Gebouw H</institution>,<addr-line>3590 Diepenbeek</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Camps, Andy" sort="Camps, Andy" uniqKey="Camps A" first="Andy" last="Camps">Andy Camps</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3"><addr-line>Department of Industrial Sciences and Technology</addr-line>,<institution>XIOS Hogeschool Limburg, Agoralaan Gebouw H</institution>,<addr-line>3590 Diepenbeek</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Damme, Raoul" sort="Van Damme, Raoul" uniqKey="Van Damme R" first="Raoul" last="Van Damme">Raoul Van Damme</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>Universiteit Antwerpen</institution>,<addr-line>Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerpen</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Herrel, Anthony" sort="Herrel, Anthony" uniqKey="Herrel A" first="Anthony" last="Herrel">Anthony Herrel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af4"><addr-line>Department of Ecology and Management of Biodiversity</addr-line>,<institution>Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle</institution>,<addr-line>57 rue Cuvier, Case Postale 55, 75231 Paris Cedex 5</addr-line>,<country>France</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of the Royal Society Interface</title><idno type="ISSN">1742-5689</idno><idno type="eISSN">1742-5662</idno><imprint><date when="2009">2009</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Some specialized aquatic snakes such as <italic>Natrix tessellata</italic> strike at fish by rapidly accelerating their head towards the prey with their mouth opened widely. This strategy is believed to be suboptimal as relatively high drag forces act on the open jaws and, therefore, probably limit strike speed. Moreover, the bow wave in front of the snake's jaws could push prey away from the mouth, thus potentially explaining the relatively low capture success observed in these animals (<20%). Here, we used laser-scan based computational fluid dynamics to test these potential constraints on prey-capture performance for <italic>N. tessellata</italic>. Our simulations showed that drag force indeed increases drastically for striking at a high gape angle. However, we estimated the overall cost in slowing down strike speed to be less pronounced due to the instationary dynamics of the system. In contrast to the expectations, forward displacement of prey was relatively limited (<13% of head length), and forceful collisions between prey and the leading edge of the jaw regularly occurred. However, our models showed that precise aiming by the snake was needed to reduce the chance of deviating the prey to a path bypassing the mouth. Our study also indicated several hydrodynamic advantages for snakes to strike at relatively large prey.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J R Soc Interface</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RSIF</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">royinterface</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of the Royal Society Interface</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1742-5689</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1742-5662</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Royal Society</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">19828500</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">2874232</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1098/rsif.2009.0385</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">rsif20090385</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="hwp-journal-coll"><subject>1004</subject><subject>30</subject><subject>44</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Hydrodynamic constraints on prey-capture performance in forward-striking snakes</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Van Wassenbergh</surname><given-names>Sam</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1">1</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Brecko</surname><given-names>Jonathan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Aerts</surname><given-names>Peter</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Stouten</surname><given-names>Ilona</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vanheusden</surname><given-names>Gwen</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Camps</surname><given-names>Andy</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Van Damme</surname><given-names>Raoul</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Herrel</surname><given-names>Anthony</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af4">4</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="af1"><label>1</label><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>Universiteit Antwerpen</institution>,<addr-line>Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerpen</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country></aff><aff id="af2"><label>2</label><addr-line>Department of Movement and Sports Sciences</addr-line>,<institution>Ghent University</institution>,<addr-line>Watersportlaan 2, 9000 Ghent</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country></aff><aff id="af3"><label>3</label><addr-line>Department of Industrial Sciences and Technology</addr-line>,<institution>XIOS Hogeschool Limburg, Agoralaan Gebouw H</institution>,<addr-line>3590 Diepenbeek</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country></aff><aff id="af4"><label>4</label><addr-line>Department of Ecology and Management of Biodiversity</addr-line>,<institution>Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle</institution>,<addr-line>57 rue Cuvier, Case Postale 55, 75231 Paris Cedex 5</addr-line>,<country>France</country></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><label>*</label>Author for correspondence (<email>sam.vanwassenbergh@ua.ac.be</email>).</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>6</day><month>5</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2009</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>46</issue><fpage>773</fpage><lpage>785</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>1</day><month>9</month><year>2009</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>17</day><month>9</month><year>2009</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2009 The Royal Society</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2009</copyright-year></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="rsif20090385.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p>Some specialized aquatic snakes such as <italic>Natrix tessellata</italic> strike at fish by rapidly accelerating their head towards the prey with their mouth opened widely. This strategy is believed to be suboptimal as relatively high drag forces act on the open jaws and, therefore, probably limit strike speed. Moreover, the bow wave in front of the snake's jaws could push prey away from the mouth, thus potentially explaining the relatively low capture success observed in these animals (<20%). Here, we used laser-scan based computational fluid dynamics to test these potential constraints on prey-capture performance for <italic>N. tessellata</italic>. Our simulations showed that drag force indeed increases drastically for striking at a high gape angle. However, we estimated the overall cost in slowing down strike speed to be less pronounced due to the instationary dynamics of the system. In contrast to the expectations, forward displacement of prey was relatively limited (<13% of head length), and forceful collisions between prey and the leading edge of the jaw regularly occurred. However, our models showed that precise aiming by the snake was needed to reduce the chance of deviating the prey to a path bypassing the mouth. Our study also indicated several hydrodynamic advantages for snakes to strike at relatively large prey.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>hydrodynamics</kwd><kwd>snake</kwd><kwd>prey capture</kwd><kwd>bow wave</kwd><kwd>feeding</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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