Exposé of misleading claims that male circumcision will increase HIV infections in Africa.
Identifieur interne : 003A49 ( PubMed/Curation ); précédent : 003A48; suivant : 003A50Exposé of misleading claims that male circumcision will increase HIV infections in Africa.
Auteurs : Brian J. Morris [Australie] ; Jake H. Waskett [Royaume-Uni] ; Ronald H. Gray [États-Unis] ; Daniel T. Halperin [États-Unis] ; Richard Wamai [États-Unis] ; Bertran Auvert [France] ; Jeffrey D. Klausner [États-Unis]Source :
- Journal of public health in Africa [ 2038-9922 ] ; 2011.
Abstract
Despite over two decades of extensive research showing that male circumcision protects against heterosexual acquisition of HIV in men, and that includes findings from large randomized controlled trials leading to acceptance by the WHO/UNAIDS and the Cochrane Committee, opponents of circumcision continue to generate specious arguments to the contrary. In a recent issue of the Journal of Public Health in Africa, Van Howe and Storms claim that male circumcision will increase HIV infections in Africa. Here we review the statements they use in support of their thesis and show that there is no scientific basis to such an assertion. We also evaluate the statistics used and show that when these data are properly analyzed the results lead to a contrary conclusion affirming the major role of male circumcision in protecting against HIV infection in Africa. Researchers, policy makers and the wider community should rely on balanced scholarship when assessing scientific evidence. We trust that our assessment may help refute the claims by Van Howe and Storms, and provide reassurance on the importance of circumcision for HIV prevention.
DOI: 10.4081/jphia.2011.e28
PubMed: 28299069
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Morris</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Waskett, Jake H" sort="Waskett, Jake H" uniqKey="Waskett J" first="Jake H" last="Waskett">Jake H. Waskett</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Circumcision Independent Reference and Commentary Service, Radcliffe, Manchester, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Circumcision Independent Reference and Commentary Service, Radcliffe, Manchester</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gray, Ronald H" sort="Gray, Ronald H" uniqKey="Gray R" first="Ronald H" last="Gray">Ronald H. 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Halperin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wamai, Richard" sort="Wamai, Richard" uniqKey="Wamai R" first="Richard" last="Wamai">Richard Wamai</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of African-American Studies, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of African-American Studies, Northeastern University, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Auvert, Bertran" sort="Auvert, Bertran" uniqKey="Auvert B" first="Bertran" last="Auvert">Bertran Auvert</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INSERM-UVSQ U1018, Villejuif, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM-UVSQ U1018, Villejuif</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Klausner, Jeffrey D" sort="Klausner, Jeffrey D" uniqKey="Klausner J" first="Jeffrey D" last="Klausner">Jeffrey D. Klausner</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Divisions of AIDS & Infectious Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Divisions of AIDS & Infectious Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, CA</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of public health in Africa</title><idno type="ISSN">2038-9922</idno><imprint><date when="2011" type="published">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Despite over two decades of extensive research showing that male circumcision protects against heterosexual acquisition of HIV in men, and that includes findings from large randomized controlled trials leading to acceptance by the WHO/UNAIDS and the Cochrane Committee, opponents of circumcision continue to generate specious arguments to the contrary. In a recent issue of the Journal of Public Health in Africa, Van Howe and Storms claim that male circumcision will increase HIV infections in Africa. Here we review the statements they use in support of their thesis and show that there is no scientific basis to such an assertion. We also evaluate the statistics used and show that when these data are properly analyzed the results lead to a contrary conclusion affirming the major role of male circumcision in protecting against HIV infection in Africa. Researchers, policy makers and the wider community should rely on balanced scholarship when assessing scientific evidence. We trust that our assessment may help refute the claims by Van Howe and Storms, and provide reassurance on the importance of circumcision for HIV prevention.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">28299069</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2017</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>16</Day></DateCreated><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>21</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">2038-9922</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>2</Volume><Issue>2</Issue><PubDate><Year>2011</Year><Month>Sep</Month><Day>05</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of public health in Africa</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Public Health Afr</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Exposé of misleading claims that male circumcision will increase HIV infections in Africa.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>e28</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.4081/jphia.2011.e28</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Despite over two decades of extensive research showing that male circumcision protects against heterosexual acquisition of HIV in men, and that includes findings from large randomized controlled trials leading to acceptance by the WHO/UNAIDS and the Cochrane Committee, opponents of circumcision continue to generate specious arguments to the contrary. In a recent issue of the Journal of Public Health in Africa, Van Howe and Storms claim that male circumcision will increase HIV infections in Africa. Here we review the statements they use in support of their thesis and show that there is no scientific basis to such an assertion. We also evaluate the statistics used and show that when these data are properly analyzed the results lead to a contrary conclusion affirming the major role of male circumcision in protecting against HIV infection in Africa. Researchers, policy makers and the wider community should rely on balanced scholarship when assessing scientific evidence. We trust that our assessment may help refute the claims by Van Howe and Storms, and provide reassurance on the importance of circumcision for HIV prevention.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Morris</LastName><ForeName>Brian J</ForeName><Initials>BJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Waskett</LastName><ForeName>Jake H</ForeName><Initials>JH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Circumcision Independent Reference and Commentary Service, Radcliffe, Manchester, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gray</LastName><ForeName>Ronald H</ForeName><Initials>RH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Halperin</LastName><ForeName>Daniel T</ForeName><Initials>DT</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wamai</LastName><ForeName>Richard</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of African-American Studies, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Auvert</LastName><ForeName>Bertran</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>INSERM-UVSQ U1018, Villejuif, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Klausner</LastName><ForeName>Jeffrey D</ForeName><Initials>JD</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Divisions of AIDS & Infectious Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2011</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>05</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Italy</Country><MedlineTA>J Public Health Afr</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101586943</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2038-9922</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Nov 20;104(47):18566-70</RefSource><PMID Version="1">17978186</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Am J Epidemiol. 2009 Oct 1;170(7):918-24</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19741042</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Mucosal Immunol. 2010 Sep;3(5):506-22</RefSource><PMID Version="1">20571487</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>BJU Int. 2007 Jun;99(6):1551-2</RefSource><PMID Version="1">17537227</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006 Sep;43(1):69-77</RefSource><PMID Version="1">16878046</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Am J Public Health. 1998 May;88(5):749-54</RefSource><PMID Version="1">9585739</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Sex Transm Infect. 2004 Dec;80 Suppl 2:ii13-21</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15572635</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Infect. 2007 May;54(5):490-6</RefSource><PMID Version="1">16997378</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Med J Aust. 2010 Sep 20;193(6):318-9</RefSource><PMID Version="1">20854234</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>MMWR Recomm Rep. 2007 Jul 13;56(RR-6):1-54</RefSource><PMID Version="1">17625497</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>N Engl J Med. 2009 Mar 26;360(13):1298-309</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19321868</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2006 Jan-Feb;45(1):49-54</RefSource><PMID Version="1">16429216</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2008 Jan;22(1):131; 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