Dispersal and spatial heterogeneity allow coexistence between enemies and protective mutualists.
Identifieur interne : 003257 ( PubMed/Curation ); précédent : 003256; suivant : 003258Dispersal and spatial heterogeneity allow coexistence between enemies and protective mutualists.
Auteurs : Timothée Poisot [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; James D. Bever ; Peter H. Thrall [Australie] ; Michael E. Hochberg [Allemagne]Source :
- Ecology and evolution [ 2045-7758 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
Protective mutualisms, where a symbiont reduces the negative effects of another species on a shared host, represent a common type of species interaction in natural communities, yet it is still unclear what ecological conditions might favor their emergence. Studies suggest that the initial evolution of protective mutualists might involve closely related pathogenic variants with similar life histories, but different competitive abilities and impacts on host fitness. We derive a model to evaluate this hypothesis and show that, in general, a protective variant cannot spread from rarity or exclude a more pathogenic strain. While the conditions allowing mutualist invasion are more likely with increased environmental productivity, they still depend on initial densities in the invaded patch exceeding a threshold, highlighting the likely importance of spatial structure and demographic stochasticity. Using a numerical simulation approach, we show that regional coexistence is in fact possible in an explicitly spatial system and that, under some circumstances, the mutualist population can exclude the enemy. More broadly, the establishment of protective mutualists may be favored when there are other life-history differences from more pathogenic symbionts, such as vertical transmission or additional direct benefits to hosts.
DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1151
PubMed: 25614798
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James D. Bever<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biology, Indiana University Bloomington, Indiana, 47405.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">47405</wicri:noCountry></affiliation>Le document en format XML
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Bever</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biology, Indiana University Bloomington, Indiana, 47405.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">47405</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thrall, Peter H" sort="Thrall, Peter H" uniqKey="Thrall P" first="Peter H" last="Thrall">Peter H. Thrall</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>CSIRO Plant Industry GPO Box 1600, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>CSIRO Plant Industry GPO Box 1600, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hochberg, Michael E" sort="Hochberg, Michael E" uniqKey="Hochberg M" first="Michael E" last="Hochberg">Michael E. Hochberg</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Université Montpellier II, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, UMR 5554 Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, CEDEX 05, France ; Santa Fe Institute Santa Fe, New Mexico, 87501 ; Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin Berlin, 14193, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Université Montpellier II, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, UMR 5554 Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, CEDEX 05, France ; Santa Fe Institute Santa Fe, New Mexico, 87501 ; Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin Berlin, 14193</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Ecology and evolution</title><idno type="ISSN">2045-7758</idno><imprint><date when="2014" type="published">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Protective mutualisms, where a symbiont reduces the negative effects of another species on a shared host, represent a common type of species interaction in natural communities, yet it is still unclear what ecological conditions might favor their emergence. Studies suggest that the initial evolution of protective mutualists might involve closely related pathogenic variants with similar life histories, but different competitive abilities and impacts on host fitness. We derive a model to evaluate this hypothesis and show that, in general, a protective variant cannot spread from rarity or exclude a more pathogenic strain. While the conditions allowing mutualist invasion are more likely with increased environmental productivity, they still depend on initial densities in the invaded patch exceeding a threshold, highlighting the likely importance of spatial structure and demographic stochasticity. Using a numerical simulation approach, we show that regional coexistence is in fact possible in an explicitly spatial system and that, under some circumstances, the mutualist population can exclude the enemy. More broadly, the establishment of protective mutualists may be favored when there are other life-history differences from more pathogenic symbionts, such as vertical transmission or additional direct benefits to hosts.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">25614798</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2015</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>23</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2015</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>23</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>20</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">2045-7758</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>4</Volume><Issue>19</Issue><PubDate><Year>2014</Year><Month>Oct</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Ecology and evolution</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Ecol Evol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Dispersal and spatial heterogeneity allow coexistence between enemies and protective mutualists.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>3841-50</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1002/ece3.1151</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Protective mutualisms, where a symbiont reduces the negative effects of another species on a shared host, represent a common type of species interaction in natural communities, yet it is still unclear what ecological conditions might favor their emergence. Studies suggest that the initial evolution of protective mutualists might involve closely related pathogenic variants with similar life histories, but different competitive abilities and impacts on host fitness. We derive a model to evaluate this hypothesis and show that, in general, a protective variant cannot spread from rarity or exclude a more pathogenic strain. While the conditions allowing mutualist invasion are more likely with increased environmental productivity, they still depend on initial densities in the invaded patch exceeding a threshold, highlighting the likely importance of spatial structure and demographic stochasticity. Using a numerical simulation approach, we show that regional coexistence is in fact possible in an explicitly spatial system and that, under some circumstances, the mutualist population can exclude the enemy. More broadly, the establishment of protective mutualists may be favored when there are other life-history differences from more pathogenic symbionts, such as vertical transmission or additional direct benefits to hosts.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Poisot</LastName><ForeName>Timothée</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Université Montpellier II, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, UMR 5554 Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, CEDEX 05, France ; Département de Biologie, Université du Québec à Rimouski 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Quebec, G5L 3A1, Canada ; Québec Centre for Biodiversity Sciences Montréal (QC), Canada ; School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury Private Bag, 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bever</LastName><ForeName>James D</ForeName><Initials>JD</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biology, Indiana University Bloomington, Indiana, 47405.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Thrall</LastName><ForeName>Peter H</ForeName><Initials>PH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CSIRO Plant Industry GPO Box 1600, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hochberg</LastName><ForeName>Michael E</ForeName><Initials>ME</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Université Montpellier II, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, UMR 5554 Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, CEDEX 05, France ; Santa Fe Institute Santa Fe, New Mexico, 87501 ; Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin Berlin, 14193, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal 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Version="1">17083673</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Am Nat. 2003 Oct;162(4 Suppl):S63-79</RefSource><PMID Version="1">14583858</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Oecologia. 2009 Jul;160(4):771-9</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19408016</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Trends Ecol Evol. 2010 Jan;25(1):21-7</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19782425</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Theor Popul Biol. 1999 Jun;55(3):309-23</RefSource><PMID Version="1">10366555</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><OtherID Source="NLM">PMC4301050</OtherID><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Community ecology</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">coexistence theory</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">host-symbiont interactions</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">metacommunities</Keyword><Keyword 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